A unified framework for managing Web-based services

The emergence of Web technologies enables a variety of Web-based service applications, which can be examined from business process integration, supply chain management, and knowledge management perspectives. To categorize existing Web-based services while foreseeing potential new types, a unified view is needed to represent the structures and processes of Web-based services. This paper proposes a general framework to identify essential structures and operations of Web-based services, and then models these components. We articulate the framework with Web technologies, such as Web service and semantic Web, multi-agent and peer-to-peer, and Web information retrieval and mining. Two comprehensive examples in insurance and knowledge services are used to elaborate the use of Web-based service framework in fulfilling business processes. This study synthesizes essential structures and processes of Web-based services to build a framework for researchers and practitioners to develop Web-based services and techniques.     

Analyzing Architectural Evolution Issues of Multimedia Frameworks

The growing complexity in the development of Web-based services in general, and multimedia services in particular, makes necessary the application of sound development methods. New multimedia devices, coding algorithms, network protocols, etc., are continually appearing but, unfortunately, current solutions for developing multimedia applications do not accurately support architectural evolution issues for already deployed applications. Thus, the latest Software Engineering technologies should be applied to the development of open, reusable, and high-quality multimedia and Web-based software. In this paper, we apply component and framework technologies, two of the current trends in Software Engineering, to the development of multimedia services over the Web, presenting and comparing widespread solutions in use today.     

A web-based sensor network system with distributed data processing approach via web application

We have proposed a Web-based sensor network constructed of Web-based sensor nodes and a remote management system. The Web-based sensor nodes consist of communication units and measurement devices with Web servers. The management system has intelligent processing and rule-based function to manage them flexibly via the Internet and performs various image analyses easily with Web application services. By distributing the image analyses to Web application services, our proposed system provides versatile and scalable data processing. We demonstrated that it can realize the desired image analyses effectively and perform complicated management by changing its operations depending on the results of analysis.     

Abmash: mashing up legacy Web applications by automated imitation of human actions

Many business Web‐based applications do not offer APIs to enable other applications to access their data and functions in a programmatic manner. This makes their composition difficult (for instance to synchronize data between two applications). To address this challenge, this paper presents Abmash, an approach to facilitate the integration of such legacy Web applications by automatically imitating human interactions with them. By automatically interacting with the GUI of Web applications, the system supports all forms of integrations including bidirectional interactions and is able to interact with AJAX‐based applications. Furthermore, the integration programs are easy to write because they deal with end‐user, visual UI elements. The integration code is simple enough to be called a ‘mash‐up’. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于AJAX的Web应用构件组装技术及工具

基于构件的软件开发方式能够有效提高Web应用的开发效率,它所涵盖的构件组装技术涉及到Web应用的前端页面与后端业务逻辑或第三方服务之间的组合。在分析Web应用的构件类型及其组装方式的基础上,提出了一套基于AJAX的Web应用构件组装技术,该技术尤其关注于前端页面构件与后端业务构件以及Web Service构件之间的自动化组装,包含两种具体的组装实现模式,即采用jQuery调用Servlet的实现模式以及采用DWR技术的实现模式,它们为页面构件提供其与服务端构件交互的能力。另外,这两种组装模式已分别实现为两套在线的Web应用构件组装工具,均支持用户通过图形化的方式定义构件的连接关系,并根据不同模式自动组合构件实体单元来生成Web应用系统。以一个实验性选课网站作为应用开发实例,以验证技术与工具的有用性。     

Ethnography,Scenario-Based Observational Usability Study,and Other Reviews Inform the Design of a Web-Based E-Notebook

As users turn to the World Wide Web to accomplish an increasing variety of daily tasks, many engage in information assimilation (IA), a process defined as the gathering, editing, annotating, organizing, and saving of Web information, and the tracking of ongoing Web work processes. The process of IA, which is similar to traditional note taking but in the Web environment, emerges from a literature review and an ethnographic field study, as presented in this article. Despite strong evidence which suggests that IA is critical to many Web users, however, a scenario-based observational usability study and a heuristic evaluation indicate that it is currently not well supported by existing software applications. This article, which culminates in the presentation of NetNotes-a Web-based e-notebook developed specifically to support the process of IA-illustrates how design requirements can be effectively extracted and synthesized from a variety of complementary background user studies.     

An analysis of the driving forces for Web services adoption

Web services are supported by major IT vendors and have been adopted by some enterprises in various applications. However, due to the hype surrounding Web services, information technology (IT) personnel and business managers often have difficulty assessing the potential uses, impacts, and benefits of Web services. Based on literature review and technical information, as well as field and Web-based case studies, we have developed a framework for analyzing the driving forces for Web services adoption. The framework and detailed benefits analysis model can be used by IT and business strategy planners to identify technical options and business opportunities, as well as to formulate Web services implementation strategies.     

Portal server technology

To provide a consistent experience for customers, most Web site developers must integrate existing content with new content, server-side applications, and Web-based services. Increasingly, even basic sites are becoming more like traditional portals-a single, integrated point of access to information, applications, and people. Portals integrate diverse interaction channels at a central point, providing comprehensive context and an aggregated view across all information. Portals are largely based on existing Web application technology, such as Web servers and Java 2 Platform Enterprise Edition (J2EE). I present an overview of portal types and services, followed by a more detailed examination of portal-specific components and architectures     

在嵌入式系统中实现 AJAX 的动态网页技术

介绍两种在嵌入式平台上实现动态网页技术AJAX和CGI。然后重点介绍一款轻量级Web服务器——GOAhead Web Server。通过代码实例详细讲述在GoAhead WebServer平台上实现AJAX交互。最后通过改进代码和引入JSON插件来加强MAX数据交互功能,实现完整的AJAX应用。     

A proxy‐based framework to support synchronous cooperation on the Web

Owing to its widespread diffusion and ease of use, the Web is an attractive platform to support distributed cooperative work. The paper presents an object‐oriented proxy‐based framework to support synchronous cooperation on the Web. The framework implements the general‐purpose mechanisms of a proxy server. Specific application‐dependent functionalities have to be implemented in a module to be installed in the proxy‐framework. This leads to the implementation of an extensible proxy‐framework, which facilitates the development of specific cooperative services. The paper presents and evaluates several applications enabling different cooperative Web activities, to confirm the effectiveness of our proposal in terms of reusability, usability and performance. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于ASP．NETAJAX的WebGIS三维应用研究

当前,WebGIS技术发展迅速,将不断成熟的Web3D技术应用于GIS的网络三维方向已有不少解决方案,而利用AJAX技术的优势可避免其中的插件下载问题。本文将ASP_NETAJAX技术与Web3D技术相结合进行尝试,首先概述了AJAX技术的含义,之后较为详细地介绍了ASP．NETAJAX框架的原理机制。利用该框架中页面局部刷新的功能对Web3D进行了可行性研究和实验,并提出了初步的解决方案。将该技术与其他实现方案相比较可以看出,该解决方式在WebGIS应用中具有一定的现实意义。     

A Web-based, Offline-able, and Personalized Runtime Environment for executing applications on mobile devices

An increasing number of people use cell phones daily. Users are not only capable of making phone calls, but can also install applications on their mobile phones. When creating mobile applications, developers usually encounter the cross-platform incompatibility problem (for example, iPhone applications cannot be executed on the Android platform). Moreover, because mobile Web browsers have increasingly supported more and more Web-related standards, Web applications are more possible to be executed on different platforms than mobile applications. However, the problem of Web application is that it cannot be executed in offline mode. This study proposes a Web-based platform for executing applications on mobile devices. This platform provides several services for developers such as offline service, content adaptation service, and synchronization service. With the help of the proposed platform, application developers can develop and publish offline Web applications easily with simplified external Web content and synchronization capability.     

使用AJAX技术实现网页级联下拉列表

AJAX能够提升用户体验,方便地与Web应用程序进行交互。论述了AJAX Web应用模型和实现过程,在ASP环境下通过异步通信方式实现了网页下拉列表的多级联动。     

Progress in Web-based decision support technologies

World Wide Web technologies have transformed the design, development, implementation and deployment of decision support systems. This article reviews and summarizes recent technology developments, current usage of Web-based DSS, and trends in the deployment of such systems. Many firms use the Web as a medium to convey information about DSS products or to distribute DSS software. The use of Web-based computation to provide product demonstrations or to deploy DSS applications for remote access remains less common. The academic literature on Web-based DSS is largely focused on applications and implementations, and only a few articles examine architectural issues or provide design guidelines based on empirical evidence.     

A WEB-BASED MULTI-AGENT SYSTEM FOR TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT TO PROTECT OUR NATURAL ENVIRONMENT

To improve the situation of wasting natural resources, the existing transportation systems have to be optimized. This means that we should not only think about new technologies for saving energy but also about better use of the existing trafficways. The most efficient way to achieve these objectives is to automate the existing means of communication and to improve transportation management. Since most of the communication channels and technologies for automation in transportation management are Web-based, we want to describe how to improve Web-based transportation management. Talking about Web-based environments means talking about the Internet and services it offers. These Web-based environments build up a good basis for an agent-based approach, because all aspects for communication and information processing are also used in agent systems. In this approach, Web servers build the agents by themselves and an agent-based interaction works with the support of Web services. Thus, we can build an agent-based structure for transportation control that is similar to the structure of the Internet. Agent-based transportation management is a possible contribution to make transportation management more effective in regard to saving energy (fuel) and protecting our environment by stopping the increase of existing trafficways.     

Expanding the Help Desk Through the World Wide Web

In response to expanding responsibilities and shrinking budgets and staffs, many organizations are leveraging their existing Internet connections to provide technical support over the World Wide Web. These organizations have found Web-based support an efficient and cost-effective method of extending their services worldwide while freeing up help desk staff for more pressing problems.     

The design with object (DwO) approach to Web services composition

Web services are being adopted, more and more, as a viable means of accessing Web-based applications. With a Web-native XML based solution, Web services can, thus, tackle the problem of heterogeneous sources and make them inter-operable. At present, there is a trend towards deploying business processes as composite Web services, known as Web services compositions. Web services compositions are synthesized by researchers from elementary web services, offering the opportunity for service providers and application developers to create value-added services, through Web services composition. However, a problem exists in the current distribution process of Web services compositions: the general analysis and selection of services can be overly complex and un-systemic. There is a need to manage composite Web services, based on these emerging technologies, but the research related to ranking candidate services and selection of optimization strategies is sparse. Nothing has yet been published that considers the constraints of non-functional service properties. In this paper, a design with object (DwO) approach is proposed. This has the advantage of being an object-orientated concept, which characterizes (i) changing the design object without directly changing the Web services themselves, and (ii) information hiding. A systemic but complete composition process is also proposed for Web services composition, which shows great promise in the emerging demand for composite Web services.     

p2pWeb: An open,decentralized infrastructure of Web servers for sharing ephemeral Web content

Nowadays, we are witnessing an increasing growth of Web 2.0 content such as micronews, blogs and RSS feeds. This trend exemplified by applications like Twitter and LiveJournal is starting to slow down not only by the limitations of existing services – proprietary and centralized, but also by the cumbersome process of discovering and tracking interesting content. This content is generally ephemeral and thus difficult to index by conventional Web search technology. This problem is exacerbated by the passive role adopted by Web content providers: it is surprising that Web servers publish information and expect that thousands of other servers (search engines, Web-based aggregators like GoogleNews, etc.) advertise their content to the world.In this work we propose p2pWeb, an open, decentralized infrastructure to enable Web servers to use their spare capacity to filter out, aggregate and disseminate Web content in a scalable and timely manner. p2pWeb is flexible enough to support a broad variety of services. The main property of p2pWeb is that all communication abstractions, including aggregation and multicast, are implemented hierarchically and using the HTTP protocol. Simulation results certify the viability of our approach.     

基于SVG的网络数学图形编辑系统设计与实现

针对目前网上数学图形不能被查询和重用的弊端,提出了一种基于SVG的网络数学图形编辑系统的实现方案。该方案采用SVG技术实现,使得数学图形能够以不同于传统交流的方法在Web上处理和传输。文章分析了SVG和Ajax技术的特点,提出了基于SVG的网络数学图形编辑系统的体系结构,设计了一种基于关系数据库管理系统（RDBMS）的SVG存储方法,实现了在线编辑的图形创建、删除、保存、缩放、度量和计算等功能。