一种基于DSP的音频实时处理系统

声学回声消除器一直是视频会议系统不可缺少的组件。将回声消除算法结合噪音消除和静音检测算法等,提出一种改进的实时音频处理系统方法,并在TMS320C6713B上实现,能够有效改善噪音、双工检测、非线性回声等导致自适应滤波器发散的问题。该系统在保证正常双工通话的同时,对非线性回声的抑制有着明显的改善效果。     

基于视频会议系统的回声问题分析

该文首先介绍了视频会议系统的发展需求,视频会议系统的整体结构以及分类,虽然大多数的视频会议产品都集成了回声消除器,但是由于产生回声的原因很多,所以并不能很好地完全抵消回声信号.该文分析了产生回声的原因,列举了几种常用的回声抵消方法,并对在回声抵消的过程中应该注意的方面进行了分析.     

基于DSP的声回声抵消器的设计

回声抵消器是视频会议系统和电话会议系统中一种必不可少的设备。在讨论回声抵消器原理和算法的基础上,给出了基于DSP的回声抵消器的设计方案。在设计中采用了变步长LMS算法,利用TI公司的DSP TMS320VC5402作为处理单元实现了回声抵消。     

时变参数比例自适应滤波算法

在免提电话和视频会议系统中,自适应滤波器估计的回声路径通常是稀疏的.改进的比例归一化最小均方(IPNLMS)算法能够加快自适应滤波器在估计稀疏系统时的收敛速度,但与归一化最小均方(NLMS)算法相比,其稳态失调的波动性较大.为了解决这一问题,本文提出了一种时变参数IPNLMS(TV-IPNLMS)算法.该算法根据系统的均方误差(MSE)与噪声功率的比值,使用一个sigmoid函数来调整时变参数的值.该时变参数能够降低IPNLMS算法在滤波器到达稳态时的比例增益.仿真结果表明,时变参数方法能够降低IPNLMS算法稳态失调的波动性.该算法可用于回声消除、主动噪声控制等领域.     

基于MVDR后置滤波的多通道回声消除算法研究

视频会议场景中,用户扬声器、麦克风的非线性特性,使得麦克风采集到的回声信号存在明显失真,线性回声消除后仍会残留大量非线性回声,且能量和近端语音相当。此时需要高强度的非线性回声处理保证不漏回声,但近端语音也会被明显抑制甚至消音,影响会议体验。针对上述难点,提出一种基于最小无失真方差响应（Minimum Variance Distortionless Response,MVDR）后置滤波器的多通道回声消除算法,将各通道的信号分别进行线性回声处理,然后使用MVDR后置滤波提升近端语音能量、抑制残留回声能量,最后通过低强度非线性回声抑制器,得到回声消除后的信号。测试表明,本文方案多抑制了6.05%残留非线性回声,同时提升13.51%的近端语音能量,经过低强度的非线性回声抑制（Non-Linear Processing,NLP）处理后,保留了更多的近端语音能量,改善了语音通透性。本文提出的算法可以实时运行于低成本移动平台上。     

一种改进的记忆成比例仿射投影算法及其应用

自适应回声消除算法是回声消除领域中的主流技术,但由于回声信道的脉冲响应具有阶数高、稀疏以及时变的特点,使得传统的自适应回声消除算法的性能出现了明显的下降。为了改善传统算法的性能,提出了记忆成比例仿射投影算法。但对于高稀疏系统,记忆成比例仿射投影算法仍然表现出收敛速度慢和跟踪性能差的问题。针对这些问题,文中提出了一种改进的记忆成比例仿射投影算法,大大改善了收敛速度和跟踪性能。仿真结果验证了提出算法的有效性。     

融合注意力机制的CS-BiLSTM深度回声消除算法

在全双工通信系统中，声学回声会降低用户的体验，针对在双向通话场景下自适应滤波算法消除声学回声效果不理想以及非线性声学回声难以消除的问题，提出一种注意力机制与BiLSTM网络相结合的CS-BiLSTM深度声学回声消除算法。首先通过构建BiLSTM网络提取语音的时序特征，之后引入通道和空间注意力机制提取回声信号的空间特征信息，并融合均方根误差与平均绝对误差提出一种新的损失函数，提高模型的鲁棒性。改进后的CS-BiLSTM网络模型能够获得清晰的语音信号，具有更好的回声消除性能。仿真结果表明，在非线性回声和双向通话环境下，与其他几种参考算法相比，所提出的CS-BiLSTM算法在感知语音质量评价方面明显优于其他算法，更有效地实现了回声消除，此外，该算法结构简单且模型参数量更少。     

基于会议系统混音算法的研究与应用

在多媒体视频会议系统中,语音处理是关键环节,而解决多路混音后的溢出噪声问题是语音处理的核心。现有的混音算法存在音量突变的问题,通过对其分析,找出了最主要的原因。在此基础上,提出了一种改进的算法——自对齐减谱法,经仿真结果表明:该算法消除噪声效果更明显,可用于多媒体视频会议系统中。     

蓝牙车载免提应用中回声消除功能的实现

回声问题是蓝牙免提应用系统中最常见而且无法避免的问题之一。通过对回声的产生和消除原理进行分析，研究了用于回声消除的自适应滤波算法。最后，利用BlueCore3-Multimedia蓝牙芯片内置的DSP实现了该算法，并根据车载应用环境的特点来调节算法参数，以使回声消除的效果达到最佳。     

VoIP声学回声消除算法研究

对回声消除技术原理进行了阐述,介绍自适应回声消除器基本结构,并分析了speex中的频域回声消除算法MDF,针对MDF算法提出了一种使估计回声和录音输入之间进行的同步方法;最后,以Speex开源项目为基础进行了测试.结果表明,该方法比现有的双段讲话检测(DTD)算法效果更好,实现也更为简单.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks     

Call for Papers—Feature Topic,Vol.12,No.7,2015

正Information Centric Networking Information-Centric Networking(ICN) is an emerging direction in Future Internet architecture research,gaining significant tractions among academia and industry.Aiming to replace the conventional host-to-host communication model by a data-centric model,ICN treats data content as the first     

JOURNAL OF ELECTRONICS(CHINA)

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NEXT GENERATION WIRELESS NETWORKS–ESPECIALLY THE USE OF MILLI-MICROWAVE BANDS

The global bandwidth shortage of wireless communications has motivated the exploration of the naillimeter wave （ram-wave） frequency spectrum for the next generation wireless communications. Recent advances in RF CMOS technology and high speed baseband signal processing technologies have enabled tile extensive research and development of turn-wave wireless communications. The multi gigabit per second data rate of ram-wave system will lead to applications in many important scenarios, such as WPAN, WLAN,back-haul for cellular system. And the frequency bands include 28 GHz, 38 GHz, 45GHz, 60GHz, E-BAND and even beyond 100 GHz. The propagation and the imitation of the RF circuits design in these frequency bands make the directional antennas be inevitable for mm-wave communications.