共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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绪言自70年代以来,我国陆续出现零星的海水入侵。进入80年代中期,由于过量开采地下水,海水入侵范围逐渐扩大。目前情况比较严重的地区有山东的莱州、龙口;河北的秦皇岛;辽宁的大连等地。海水入侵严重 相似文献
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莱州湾地区由于海水入侵引起区域环境的严重破坏。本文从环境系统角度,提出两种海水入侵系统模式,即现代海水入侵与古海水入侵,其系统环境与系统格局具有明显的差异。海水入侵一旦形成,将很难逆转,其防治在于使已产生的环境灾害趋于缓解,即通过环境调整的方法,减缓海水入侵的危害。 相似文献
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莱州湾南岸海咸水入侵的原因分析及防治对策 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
刘桂仪 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2000,11(2):1-4,45
莱州湾南岸的昌邑、寒亭、寿光等市(区),是我省沿海发生海咸水入侵地质灾害较严重的地区之一。自70年代中期发现海咸水入侵以来,入侵速率逐年增加,到1992年,入侵面积已达295.5km^2,给工农业生产和人民生活造成了严重损失。该区海咸水入侵以咸水入侵为主。笔者在分析区域地质背景条件基础上,从水动力学和水化学方面对海咸水入侵的发灾机理进行了探讨。指出地下淡水过量开采是海咸水入侵的根本原因;此外,沉积环境、河流上游来水量减小及风暴潮等对海咸水入侵有加剧作用。从地学角度,提出了全流域综合治理、合理开发利用淡水资源、建设地下水库、跨流域调水,建立抽水槽工程等防治对策。 相似文献
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海水入侵的同位素研究 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
本文用同位素方法研究了我国莱州湾海水入侵的成因及变化发展趋势。结果表明,在莱州湾西部的广饶地区属于卤水(古海水)入侵区,在莱州湾东部的龙口地区属于现代海水入侵区。
而在莱州地区则既存在着海水入侵又存在着卤水入侵。 相似文献
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山东龙口—莱州地区的海水入侵 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
大面积海水入侵(83.7—238.3km~2,占平原区总面积的18.6%—31.5%),宽1.5—6.0km过渡带的存在以及海水入侵区与地下水水位大幅度下降所形成的低于海平面的地区在分布上相互关联,是本区海水入侵的主要特点。阳离子交换则在海水入侵区地下水化学成分形成过程中起着重要作用。 相似文献
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高密度电阻率法探测海水入侵咸淡水界限初步调查研究——以莱州湾为例 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文从理论上阐述了高密度电阻率法探测海水入侵界限的可行性,对该方法在莱州湾地区实例分析表明,根据高密度电阻率法反演视电阻率断面图勾划出来的咸淡水分界线与水文地质调查结果基本吻合,说明了该方法在莱州湾地区具有较好的有效性和可行性。笔者还利用视电阻率断面图确定了咸淡水水体在平面分布情况和垂向变化情况,为查清海水入侵等环境地质问题提供可靠的基础资料。该方法在探测海水入侵方面具有简单、快速、低廉、无破坏性原位探测等特点,其应用前景可观,值得推广。 相似文献
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莱州湾南岸卤水的稳定同位素与地球化学特征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
莱州湾南岸卤水的开发利用始于20世纪50年代,如今卤水的含盐量比海水高出3~6倍。本文采用稳定同位素和水化学分析来鉴定卤水的盐分来源,为此在研究区内采集了9件卤水样品,采样井深度为30~80m。首先根据同位素盐效应,对卤水的δD和δ~(18)O值进行了校正。校正后的δD和δ~(18)O值关系图表明卤水的水分子来源于大气降水,而不是海水。δ~(18)O—Cl~-和Br~-—Cl~-关系表明卤水的盐分不同于海水蒸发的余留水。根据化学分水岭原理,卤水的Ca~(2+)/SO_(-4)~2和Ca~(2+)/Mg~(2+)值演化提示溶解盐起源不是蒸发的海水卤水。其它化学成分关系也证实了卤水的盐分源于海水蒸发盐的反复溶解。本研究说明卤水样品与海水盐分有关,但是与海水的水分子无关。 相似文献
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Xue Yuqun Xie Chunhong Wu Jichun Liu Peimin Wang Jianji Jiang Qingbo Shi Hongwen Ning Pihai 《《地质学报》英文版》1993,6(1):107-121
Abstract The extensive intrusion (covering an area of 83.7-238.3 km2 and accounting for 18.6-31.5% of the total area of the plain), the presence of a transitional zone 1.5-6.0 km in width, and the interconnection in distribution between the seawater intrusion district and the region lower than the sea level caused by the strong drop of the groundwater level are major characteristics of the seawater intrusion in the study area. Cation exchange played an important role during the formation of chemical composition of the groundwater in the seawater intrusion district. 相似文献
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山东省莱州湾是中国最早发现海水入侵现象的沿海地区之一,由于地下水大量超采,造成较大范围的海水入侵,给工、农业生产和人民生活造成了极大危害.通过对多年资料的分析,较系统地分析了海水入侵的原因,并提出了诸多工程和非工程措施,对防止海水入侵取得了明显效果. 相似文献
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Hydrogeochemical processes that accompany seawater intrusion in coastal aquifers can alter the resulting water quality and are important ingredients in coastal aquifer management. The presence of dissolution–precipitation reactions and ion exchange in the mixing zone of the Biscayne aquifer (FL, USA) are suggested based on changes in major ion concentrations and mineral saturation indices (SI). Major ion concentrations from 11 groundwater samples are compared with theoretical mixing between freshwater and seawater. PHREEQC code was used to calculate saturation indices of the samples with respect to common phases in the Biscayne aquifer. High Ca2+ and HCO3 ? content of the samples is typical of waters in contact with carbonate aquifers. Water quality of the samples is mainly attributed to mixing and precipitation–dissolution reactions with calcite and dolomite. The samples were saturated with calcite (SI ~ 0) and undersaturated for dolomite (SI < 0), while a few samples showed dolomite saturation. Because gypsum and halite SI could be predicted by theoretical mixing, reactions with those minerals, if present, are thought to be insignificant. In the active intrusion areas, cation exchange also appears to modify water quality leading to excess Ca2+, but depleted Na+, Mg2+ and K+ concentrations. On the other hand, samples from previous intrusion areas plotted very close to the theoretical mixing line and approached equilibrium with the seawater. 相似文献
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Xue Yuqun Xie Chunhong Wu Jichun Nanjing University Liu Peimin Wang Jianji Jiang Qingbo Office of Water Resources of Longkou City Shi Hongwen Ning Pihai Office of Water Resources of Laizhou City Liu Linqun 《《地质学报》英文版》1993,67(1)
The extensive intrusion (covering an area of 83.7-238.3 km~2 and accounting for 18.6-31.5% of the total area of the plain), the presence of a transitional zone 1.5-6.0 km in width, and the interconnection in distribution between the seawater intrusion district and the region lower than the sea level caused by the strong drop of the groundwater level are major characteristics of the seawater intrusion in the study area. Cation exchange played an important role during the formation of chemical composition of the groundwater in the seawater intrusion district. 相似文献
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