太阳能单轴跟踪系统的PLC设计

提出基于可编程逻辑控制器PLC的太阳能跟踪系统,使光伏模块能实时跟踪太阳光照,从而最大限度地获得太阳能.系统的硬件有PLC输入/输出端口的配置、信号处理单元、光敏电阻光强法比较电路和开关电源的设计;系统的软件有PLC的控制和监控程序,基于Visual Basic 6.0软件平台开发的PC机监控和数据采集程序.基于PLC的太阳能跟踪系统既适用于独立的太阳能发电设备,也适用于串、并联的大型太阳能光伏发电系统的现场总线控制.     

基于PLC的双轴闭环太阳能跟踪模型

针对目前太阳能跟踪系统存在的问题,分析了现存的几种太阳能跟踪方法的优劣;设计了一套基于方位角和高度角的太阳能跟踪系统,解决了现阶段大多数跟踪系统存在的问题;制作了一套基于ABB PLC的太阳能跟踪模型,并对模型进行了系统测试,测试显示该跟踪系统能提供精度可达0.001°的太阳定位,自动实现了不同要求的跟踪计算和不同条件下的模式转换.     

基于8051单片机的碟式太阳能跟踪控制系统

本文描述了一种用于碟式太阳能跟踪系统的混合控制方式,以AT89C51RC单片机为主的控制器实现了数字化的自动控制,介绍了硬件电路和软件控制流程。     

太阳能最大功率跟踪装置的设计

本文介绍了太阳跟踪系统的控制原理、控制算法和系统硬件组成,并重点介绍了控制电路的结构和原理,给出了软件的设计思路及主要的程序流程图.同时,在考虑当地的气象基础上设计一种跟踪精度高、结构简单、控制可靠的太阳能跟踪系统.实验结果表明,在太阳辐射强度、环境温度变化时,系统仍能准确地跟踪到太阳能电池的最大功率点,从而有效提高了...     

太阳能电池板自动跟踪电路设计

本文提出了一种智能路灯上的太阳能电池板的自动转向的控制电路设计方法.根据七点法定位器的原理,以光敏二极管作为采光传感器,七点法定位器做驱动跟踪,单片机作为主控制器,采用光电跟踪与时序跟踪相结合的方法完成了系统的软硬件设计,解决了天气对自动跟踪系统的影响问题,降低了运行成本,提高了太阳能的利用效率.     

超大面积中高温太阳能聚光跟踪技术

介绍了一种新型的太阳能聚光跟踪技术。该技术将数十排或数百面庞大而笨重的聚光镜固定在地上常年保持不动,仅用一套跟踪控制装置即可对这数十排或数百面反射镜同时进行跟踪,不仅使系统的运行稳定性有了质的飞跃,还大幅度降低了制造成本,使太阳能聚光跟踪技术的经济合理性得以实现。     

步进式太阳能自动跟踪装置

步进式太阳能自动跟踪装置章之华跟踪精度、可靠性、制造成本及自耗电率是衡量一种跟踪系统是否有实际应用价值的重要指标，步进式太阳能跟踪装置能较好地满足这些要求，其样机已在内蒙古自治区固阳县使用。用来带动３０ｋｇ重的低倍聚光太阳电池方阵。一年多来运行情况良...     

太阳能集热器跟踪传感器

应太阳能集热器发展的需要提出一种新型跟踪随动系统传感器。该传感器结构新颖,构思巧妙,造价低廉,丰富了太阳能集热器跟踪随动系统传感器的类型。     

A simple and efficient sun tracking mechanism using programmable logic controller

To increase the unit area illumination of solar ray on PV panel, it is required to track the sun throughout the day. So to reach the goal various type of sun tracking mechanism is already developed but in this paper we designed two different types of sun tracking mechanism: single axis and dual axis tracking using programmable logic controller (PLC) as it has numbers of unique advantages like??it is faster, reliable, requires less maintenance and reprogrammable. A comparative study between those two systems is also presented in this paper. The whole system has been designed and tested using GE, FANUC PLC.     

Use of a reluctance stepper motor for solar tracking based on a programmable logic array (PLA) controller

The tracking of solar cell panels in solar-generation systems has improved their overall efficiency to a great extent. The methods used previously were either active or passive. In order to ensure a relatively small position resolution for the panel axis, the DC motors ordinarily used for active solar tracking need a complicated gear system. In this work, a 8/6 four-phase, reluctance stepper motor (RSM) controlled by a programmable logic array (PLA) is used. The angular position resolution for the RSM is 7.5°. This resolution is guaranteed due to locking of the RSM at each step through a power converter fed from a 220 V DC supply. The control circuit for the power converter consists of an Erasable Electronic Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM) and a PLA chip. The control circuit is fed from two separate sensing cells which determine the movement to the next angular position. The application of this tracker is essential for stand-alone systems in remote areas. Its use may result in improving the solar energy generation by a considerable factor. The control system is a completely closed loop system without any human interference.     

全天候太阳方位跟踪控制系统的设计

采用光感跟踪与时间跟踪相结合的方法,设计了全天候太阳方位跟踪控制系统。该系统包括监测装置、跟踪方式转换控制模块和双跟踪方式控制模块。监测装置监测天气状态为跟踪方式转换控制模块提供判断依据,跟踪方式转换控制模块发出指令启动相关跟踪方式,控制传动及支撑装置的运动,以改变太阳能电池板采光面的位置。系统的跟踪精度高,跟踪能耗低。     

Application of one-axis sun tracking system

This paper introduces design and application of a novel one-axis sun tracking system which follows the position of the sun and allows investigating effects of one-axis tracking system on the solar energy in Turkey. The tracking system includes a serial communication interface based on RS 485 to monitor whole processes on a computer screen and to plot data as graphic. In addition, system parameters such as the current, the voltage and the panel position have been observed by means of a microcontroller. The energy collected is measured and compared with a fixed solar system for the same solar panel. The results show that the solar energy collected on the tracking system is considerably much efficient than the fixed system. The tracking system developed in this study provides easy installation, simple mechanism and less maintenance.     

太阳能电池自动实时逐日系统设计

采用非易失实时时钟芯片DS12C887配合SPA算法,精确获取所在地实时太阳方位;单片机根据光功率评估电池方位驱动后所获电能及驱动耗电,优化驱动的时间间隔;不驱动时,系统掉电。该方案具有断电重启方便,实时跟踪,太阳能电池效能高的优势,具有一定的应用价值。     

基于复合控制的塔式太阳能跟踪控制装置设计

针对塔式太阳能热发电站中定日镜跟踪装置的跟踪精度不高、构建成本较大等问题,提出采用将遗传算法的选择机制与吸热塔能量变化的反馈机制相结合的方式对光热电站的太阳能跟踪控制系统进行改进.在光热电站的少数几台定日镜上配备光电检测元件,并以其控制角度为基准控制其他定日镜的角度调整.采用DSP(digital signal processing)为控制核心,完成了跟踪控制器的通讯框架及控制系统的硬件电路设计.实验表明,该方案在保证光热电站整体控制精度的基础上,减少了光电检测元件安装数量和电站构建成本,并保证了视日轨迹跟踪控制时的自动调整能力.     

基于89C51单片机太阳能跟踪控制装置设计

基于目前太阳能跟踪控制中普遍采用的复合控制方式的工作原理,采用价格低廉、低功耗的89C51单片机设计了一款可满足复合控制功能要求的太阳能跟踪控制装置.介绍了在跟踪控制装置中加入AD转换模块与PC机通讯模块以实现复合控制中传感器控制功能和时钟控制功能的设计环节.将配备该太阳能跟踪控制装置的聚光器与定点式聚光器在相同实验环境中运行比较,结果表明,配备该太阳能跟踪控制装置的聚光器比定点式聚光器的接收率提高约35%,跟踪稳定性良好,实现了高精度、高稳定性的太阳能跟踪控制.     

Fuzzy logic control based maximum power tracking of a wind energy system

In this paper a utility interactive wind energy conversion system (WECS) with an asynchronous (AC–DC–AC) link is described. The control system has the objective of identifying and extracting the maximum power from the wind energy system and transferring this power to utility. A fuzzy logic control (FLC) technique has been implemented to design the tracking controller of the WECS. A wind speed step model was used in the design phase. The performance of the WECS with the proposed fuzzy logic controller is tested using real meteorological data. Its robustness and effectiveness are demonstrated by the simulation results of the controlled system.     

Developing a multipurpose sun tracking system using fuzzy control

The present work demonstrates the design and simulation of time controlled step sun tracking systems that include: one axis sun tracking with the tilted aperture equal to the latitude angle, equatorial two axis sun tracking and azimuth/elevation sun tracking. The first order Sugeno fuzzy inference system is utilized for modeling and controller design. In addition, an estimation of the insolation incident on a two axis sun tracking system is determined by fuzzy IF-THEN rules. The approach starts by generating the input/output data. Then, the subtractive clustering algorithm, along with least square estimation (LSE), generates the fuzzy rules that describe the relationship between the input/output data of solar angles that change with time. The fuzzy rules are tuned by an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). Finally, an open loop control system is designed for each of the previous types of sun tracking systems. The results are shown using simulation and virtual reality. The site of application is chosen at Amman, Jordan (32° North, 36° East), and the period of controlling and simulating each type of tracking system is the year 2003.     

Computer based sun following system

This paper is a design study of a computer based system which controls a large number of paraboloidal collectors for sunfollowing operation. The system operates with the computer changing the speeds of each of the collector actuators in the field at regular intervals over the day. It is assumed that each collector requires individual attention in the calculation of appropriate speeds. Sources of following error within the system are evaluated, and for specific data rates over the communication link between the central controller and the field of collectors, the variables within the system are chosen to minimise the following error. Accurate sun following is shown to require a data output from the central controller of only 500 bit/sec for 10,000 collectors.

Further a computer based learning procedure which is functionally equivalent to an alignment process is detailed. This procedure is implemented by collecting data from each collector in the field. Accurate “alignment” of a 10,000 collector field is shown to require data collection by the central controller at a rate of only 500 bit/sec for a single day. No new technology is required to accommodate the data rates mentioned.