压电驱动微夹持器特性分析

针对微夹持器的大行程、低耦合等要求,采用桥式机构和杠杆机构设计了一种新型三级放大微夹持器。根据柔性机构学、弹性力学和动力学原理,优化了桥式机构的固定位置提高微夹持器的动态特性,建立了微夹持器的理论位移放大模型、耦合误差模型和动力学模型,获得了微夹持器的输出位移特性与动态特性。应用3D打印和线切割加工技术加工出微夹持器实体,通过理论、仿真和实验数据对比验证了理论模型的正确性,微夹持器的位移放大倍数达到了19. 7倍,固有频率为223 Hz,与实验数据的误差均在10%以内波动,工作行程达到了750μm同时耦合误差仅为工作行程的0. 35%,实现了微夹持器大行程、高精度、低耦合和良好的动态特性。     

电磁驱动式微小夹持器的研制

概述了集成化微小夹持器的研制现状,介绍了电磁驱动式斜楔机构微小夹持器的结构设计、实验以及关键零件的确定.     

基于柔性铰链的二级放大微夹持器的研究

微夹持器是微装配系统的关键部件,设计了一种以柔性铰链为基础的二级位移放大机构的夹持器,该夹持器由压电陶瓷驱动。计算了夹持器的放大倍数和柔性铰链的节点应力,并对夹持器的最大张合量、放大倍数、夹持力和刚度进行有限元仿真分析。分析结果表明:夹持器的结构设计满足实际应用要求,对实现微小零件的自动装配有实际意义。     

基于附加弹簧双滑块四杆机构的柔顺恒力机构设计

给出一种基于伪刚体模型的柔顺夹持器设计方法。基于附加弹簧双滑块四杆机构构造了一种具有恒力特性的柔顺夹持机构。建立了机构位置分析模型,利用虚功原理构建运动静力学方程,分析弹簧刚度对机构输出特性的影响,获得了具有一种恒力特性的柔顺夹持机构设计方法。基于伪刚体模型,将附加弹簧以柔性模块替代,得到一种新型柔顺恒力机构。利用有限元分析软件验证该机构理论模型建立柔顺恒力机构的可行性;构造了一种具有对称结构形式的新型柔顺恒力夹持器。该柔顺恒力夹持器的设计方法也可应用于其他类型附加弹簧机构的非线性刚度特性柔顺机构设计。     

机械臂轻质高载荷比末端夹持器的设计

为解决机械臂末端夹持器载荷比低的情况,设计了一款轻质高载荷比的末端夹持器。首先,采用Solid Works软件执行三维建模,并用Matlab软件优化分析。通过ADAMS和ANSYS软件对其进行动力学仿真和应力分析。最后通过实验论证表明:该夹持器机构设计合理,提高了夹持器的载荷比。     

微夹持器的有限元分析

设计了一种基于柔顺铰链的微夹持器。微夹持器采用柔顺铰链为导向机构,为了提高微夹持器的分辨率,采用两级杠杆柔顺机构对输入位移进行放大。建立了系统的理论分析模型,并对其静态特性进行了分析。在此基础上对平台尺寸进行了优化设计,给出了平台尺寸的最优数值结果。最后利用有限元分析软件COSMOS对平台进行静力分析和模态分析,验证设计的正确性和有效性。     

基于MATLAB和ADAMS的瓶颈夹持器优化设计与仿真

设计了一套具有自锁性的夹持器,采用Solid Works软件对该夹持器进行三维建模,建立其主要结构——偏置滑块摇杆机构的数学模型,利用MATLAB软件进行优化计算,使得该夹持器在满足最大张角和结构合理等要求的情况下,将滑块的行程最小化,使夹持器结构更加紧凑。最后利用ADAMS软件进行动力学仿真,计算验证优化结果满足要求。     

带增力机构的工业机器人手臂末端夹持器

介绍两种带增力机构的工业机器人手臂末端夹持器,以气动系统为动力源,采用基于无杆活塞缸驱动的增力机构驱动杠杆式夹持器,在不增加气缸面积的情况下能大大提高夹持力,满足执行系统的要求。     

基于MEMS机构装配的微夹持器研究

微夹持器作为末端执行装置,直接决定了微装配的效率。MEMS机构中包含许多微小的活动部件和功能元件,为实现这些微小器件的稳定夹取和自动装配,设计了一种采用压电陶瓷驱动、基于柔性铰链的二级放大微夹持器结构。对该微夹持器的节点应力、刚度及最大张合量等进行了分析计算,并对微夹持器进行了试制。实验与分析结果表明,该夹持器最大张合量是245μm,放大倍数约为12.3倍,满足MEMS机构的装配要求。在此基础上,重点对张合量与夹持力进行了系统测试,通过对测试数据的非线性回归,推导出99.99%可靠度的驱动电压计算公式,实现了微夹持的精确控制。     

一种刚柔结合柔性夹持器的设计

为解决传统刚性夹持器适应性差和软体夹持器夹持范围较小的问题,提出了一种刚柔结合柔性夹持器的设计方案,其中刚性的曲柄滑块机构采用铝合金材料制作,柔性的气动软体驱动器则由乳胶气囊以及纤维布两部分组成。通过滑块平移带动夹爪转动,实现夹爪张开和闭合,再通过调整供气气压控制夹持范围。基于ADAMS软件对刚性机构进行运动学分析,再仿真并结合实验,研究气动软体驱动器的动态特性,确定其最佳尺寸。最后,对样机进行实验测试,实验结果表明,设计的夹持器自适应性好、夹持范围较大。     

Development of mesoscopic polymer gripper system guided by precision design axioms

A prototype mesoscopic gripper system with mechanism made of polyurethane (PU) is designed, fabricated, and tested. By following precision design axioms, the mesoscopic gripper system including gripper mechanism, actuator subsystem, and sensor subsystem is designed and developed. The compliant gripper mechanism is fabricated and the load-deflection behavior is measured. The mesoscopic mechatronic gripper system is finally integrated and tested. The gripper dynamics is identified and the system specifications are listed. The application of the gripper system for the pick and place of an IC chip is tested.     

Design of a gripper system for tendon-driven telemanipulators considering semi-automatic spring mechanism and eye-in-hand camera system

Tendon-driven mechanisms are adopted in remote handling manipulators to reduce the weight of the distal parts of the manipulator while maintaining the handling performance. This study considered several approaches to the design of a gripper system for telemanipulators. According to the requirements of the specified tendon-driven mechanism, the connecting position of the spring system on the gripper mechanism was obtained, and kinematic influence coefficient analysis was performed to select the proper spring stiffness. The results showed that the tension force generated by the selected spring module is relatively constant in the gripper’s motion range; the spring module is advantageous for the semi-automatic gripper motion of servo-based tendon-driven manipulators performed in non-accessible experimental facilities which handles many types of sensitive measuring devices with hazardous materials. The motion performance of the proposed gripper module was comparatively verified with a commercialized gripper system which has similar specifications. Additionally, an eye-in-hand camera was also designed to obtain an active-view through a gripper for efficient teleoperation. This gripper system uses a modular-type camera head that can be changed remotely and a proper camera angle to achieve an intuitive view of the remote site. The designed camera system was tested in a large-scale confined cell facility remotely and verified the practical usability for remote handling manipulators.

     

空间微型合作目标捕获装置的研究

针对空间微型合作目标跟踪捕获任务,研制了具有稳定抓握、多感知、高刚度、高精度、大夹持力、大容错误差校正能力的新型捕获装置.其中,三指形手爪是带有手眼视觉的多传感型手爪,驱动链里加入一套高效率质量轻的反转自锁机构,同时手爪与微型目标器配合设计,冗余容错技术的引入及紧急解锁机构的设计保证了手爪的高可靠性.手爪的试验与测试,证明了手爪优越的抓捕性能与可靠性.     

Design and analysis of the gripper mechanism based on generalized parallel mechanisms with configurable moving platform

Generalized parallel mechanisms with a configurable moving platform have become popular in the research field of parallel mechanism. This type of gripper mechanism can be applied to grasp large or heavy objects in different environments that are dangerous and complex for humans. This study proposes a family of novel (5 + 1) degrees of freedom (three translations and two rotations plus an additional grasping motion) gripper mechanisms based on the generalized parallel mechanisms with a configurable moving platform. First, the configurable moving platform, which is a closed loop, is designed for grasping manipulation. The hybrid topological arrangement is determined to improve the stiffness of the manipulator and realize high load-to-weight ratios. A sufficient rule based on Lie group theory is proposed to synthesize the mechanism. The hybrid limb structure is also enumerated. A family of novel gripper mechanisms can be assembled through the hybrid limbs by satisfying the rule. Two examples of the gripper mechanisms with and without parallelogram pairs are shown in this study. A kinematic analysis of the example mechanism is presented. The workspace shows that the mechanism possesses high rotational capability. In addition, a stiffness analysis is performed.     

无源式换刀机械手爪的研制

提出了一种新颖的基于并联曲柄滑块机构的无源式换刀机械手爪，分析了该机械手爪的工作原理，并应用于柔性制造系统的换刀机器人中。分析和应用研究表明：该机械手爪结构简单紧奏、工作可靠、成本低、体积小。     

The development of soft gripper for the versatile robot hand

This paper deals with a new type of soft gripper which can softly and gently conform to objects of any shape and hold them with uniform pressure. This gripping function is realized by means of a mechanism consisting of multi-links and series of pulleys which can be simply actuated by a pair of wires. The possibilities of this gripper are demonstrated by a pair of mechanical model.     

基于ADAMS的夹持机械手虚拟设计及其结构优化

提出了一种可以精确控制的夹持机械手新结构,并分析了机械手手爪部分的多杆机构各杆件参数与夹持工件半径的关系。在此基础上,着重借助虚拟样机技术软件adams建立了机械手手爪部分多杆机构的参数化模型,并利用adams中的DS(设计研究)、DOE(实验设计),对其进行了分析和优化设计。     

基于柔性并联机构的变刚度夹持器设计分析

提出一种新型双夹爪变刚度夹持器,每个夹爪是一个由四根对称旋转柔性支链组成的变刚度柔性并联机构（VSFPM）。夹持器由两个电动机驱动,其中一个宏动电动机用于控制夹爪的开合运动,适应被抓取物体的几何尺寸;另一个微动电动机用于控制柔性支链的旋转角度,以调整夹爪在开合方向的刚度,实现变刚度柔顺抓取,提高对被抓取物体几何形状、材料属性的适应能力。基于刚度投影方法,分析了基于旋转支链柔性并联机构在夹持方向上的变刚度原理;应用基于伴随变换的刚度分析方法,求得了夹爪在任意旋转角度下的刚度模型;通过有限元仿真分析,验证了刚度模型的准确性。此外,有限元分析结果表明,提出的VSFPM机构具有较大的刚度调整范围（0.178~9.663 N/mm）,为变刚度柔性夹持器设计提供了新的思路和方法。     

基于柔性并联连续体的灵巧操作手的设计及分析

提出了一种新型4-DOF柔性并联连续体机构，将该机构与末端绳驱动的抓手相结合，设计完成具有灵活抓取性能的操作手。将该柔性机构通过柔性支链等效的方式等效为传统刚性连杆的并联机构，并且运用螺旋理论对该机构进行自由度分析；采用经典的Cosserat Rod模型对机构进行运动学建模；通过对比分析三种并联连续体机构的可操作度，4-DOF并联连续体机构由于具有一个额外的扭转自由度，使得操作手能够更加灵活地抓取物体，在此基础上给出了一组操作手抓取的仿真实例。最后通过试验验证机构自由度以及运动学模型的数值解，并且实现操作手灵活抓取的性能。     

气动三指机器人手的多目标优化设计

提出了气动三指机器人手优化设计法，它以手指力传递和位移为优化准则，在目标函数满足约束条件，求得最佳设计参数，此优化设计数学模型能帮助设计者获得最佳的手指结构设计。