分布智能型馈线自动化系统快速自愈技术及可靠性保障措施

为了解决快速自愈分布智能型馈线自动化系统的瞬时性故障的快速恢复供电并进一步提高其可靠性,提出一种一侧带电启动重合、重合成功后向相邻开关发送信息驱动其合闸的重合闸控制策略,可有效地实现瞬时性故障的快速恢复供电,并能在通信通道障碍情况下使系统仍能有效恢复供电。提出一种开关拒分处理措施,以有效减少开关拒动对恢复供电造成的不利...     

基于FTU的馈线自动化技术在配电网中的应用

就现代生活、生产、经济等对供电质量要求不断提高的状况,分析了实施基于FTU的馈线自动化的可行性。在可行的基础上进一步探讨了馈线自动化当前的发展状况、主要功能、实施的先决条件;提出FTU排除故障并恢复供电重合闸策略的有效方式;并就一次设备、控制箱、分散多点通信、FA控制主站及SCADA主站等5个方面详细讨论了基于FTU的馈线自动化系统组成,同时对各个层次功能进行了剖析。     

馈线自动化在配网调度中的可行性及应用

馈线自动化是指在正常情况下远方实时监视馈线分段开关与联络开关的状态和馈线电流、电压情况,并实现线路开关的远方合闸和分闸操作,在故障时获取故障记录,并自动判别和隔离馈线故障区段以及恢复对非故障区域供电。     

基于柱上智能开关的架空馈线自动化故障处理的研究

根据辖区架空线路运行现状,结合国内馈线自动化建设模式,研究故障高发线路的故障处理方法,通过加装永磁重合器与线路分段开关及分界负荷开关配合,快速实现故障处理及非故障区域恢复供电,避免主干线大范围停电及重合闸涌流冲击的危害,并通过工程实例验证此种故障处理模式的可靠性和实用性。     

基于状态序列的就地型FA测试方法研究

随着用户对供电可靠性要求逐步提高,就地型馈线自动化(feeder automation,FA)在配电网故障处理方面的作用越发重要。结合宁夏配电网就地型FA配置原则,研究了基于状态序列的就地型FA测试方法,并从配电终端就地型FA单侧来电合闸、正向闭锁、反向闭锁、双侧有压闭锁合闸等功能逻辑角度验证了该方法的可行性。     

现代化农村智能配电网新型就地馈线自动化技术应用研究

针对目前我国农村地区的配电网中压线路配置传统的电压-时间型、电压-电流-时间型、自适应综合型等就地馈线自动化技术均需要变电站出线断路器配置2或3次重合闸,而国网系统内变电站出线断路器均只配置1次重合闸的现状,提出应用一种适用于现代化农村智能配电网的新型就地馈线自动化技术方案,该方案只需出线断路器1次重合闸配合即可完成线路故障段的就地定位与隔离,以及非故障区间线路的供电恢复,节约了人力成本,缩短了用户的停电时间.     

中性点经16Ω电阻器接地方式下的10kV馈线综合重合闸

介绍了汕头供电分公司在10kv配电网采用中性点经16Ω电阻接地方式后所开发应用的10kV馈线重合闸的关键技术原理、逻辑构思和应用实效，提出了为提高配电系统供电可靠率在不同的变电所及同一变电所不同线路参数的馈线采用不同重合闸方式的解决办法，     

10 kV馈线自动化解决方案探讨

10 kV架空线路覆盖广阔,跳闸率高。传统馈线方式导致故障隔离时间长、出线开关动作频繁、不能缩短停电区域,而是通过反复重合停电排除故障。提出的10 kV馈线自动化方案通过增设断路器和负荷开关将主干线分为几段,并配置智能控制器（FTU）,通过配合减少了出线断路器的跳闸,在发生故障的架空线路中能自动隔离故障区域,缩短故障查找的时间,迅速恢复非故障区域的正常供电。该方案能显著降低馈线出线开关的跳闸次数,提高重合闸成功率,有效地提升配网架空线路运行水平。     

集中式重合闸及其可靠性分析

自动重合闸广泛应用于电力系统,具有提高供电可靠性和提高系统并列运行可靠性等作用。针对现有按断路器布置的分散式重合闸存在现场接线复杂、多个断路器重合闸配合困难等问题,提出了一种集中式重合闸配置方式。该方式可在一套装置中实现变电站多个间隔的自动重合闸功能,具有简化现场接线、易于实现多个间隔重合闸相互配合等优点。此外,通过基于故障树的序贯蒙特卡罗算法对比分析了分散式重合闸、单重集中式重合闸与双重集中式重合闸配置方式的可靠性,并针对集中式重合闸系统的薄弱环节,论证了双重集中式重合闸配置方式的可行性。     

10 kV馈线自动化解决方案探讨

10 kV架空线路覆盖广阔,跳闸率高.传统馈线方式导致故障隔离时间长、出线开关动作频繁、不能缩短停电区域,而是通过反复重合停电排除故障.提出的10 kV馈线自动化方案通过增设断路器和负荷开关将主干线分为几段,并配置智能控制器(FTU),通过配合减少了出线断路器的跳闸,在发生故障的架空线路中能自动隔离故障区域,缩短故障查找的时间,迅速恢复非故障区域的正常供电.该方案能显著降低馈线出线开关的跳闸次数,提高重合闸成功率,有效地提升配网架空线路运行水平.     

Optimal multi objective placement and sizing of multiple DGs and shunt capacitor banks simultaneously considering load uncertainty via MOPSO approach

This study proposes a new application of multi objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) with the aim of determining optimal location and size of distributed generations (DGs) and shunt capacitor banks (SCBs) simultaneously with considering load uncertainty in distribution systems. The multi objective optimization includes three objective functions: decreasing active power losses, improving voltage stability for buses and balancing current in system sections. The uncertainty of loads is modeled by using fuzzy data theory. This method uses Pareto optimal solutions to solve the problem with objective functions and constraints. In addition, a fuzzy-based mechanism is employed to extract the best compromised solution among three different objective functions. The proposed method is implemented on IEEE 33 bus radial distribution system (RDS) and an actual realistic 94 bus Portuguese RDS and the results are compared with methods of Strength Pareto Evolutionary Algorithm (SPEA), Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA), Multi-Objective Differential Evolution (MODE) and combination of Imperialist Competitive Algorithm and Genetic Algorithm (ICA/GA). Test results demonstrate that the proposed method is more effective and has higher capability in finding optimum solutions in cases where DG and SCB are located and sized simultaneously in a multi objective optimization.     

以提高供电电压质量为目标的配网重构

提出了一种利用节点电压进行配网重构的方法，该方法将电压均衡指数作为目标函数，通过连续的支路交换操作来寻求配网的最佳结构，该方法在配电自动化系统中量测不足时也可行，该方法与以负荷均衡为目标函数和以网损最小为目标函数的配电网重构算法进行了比较，得到了相同的结果，计算结果还表明，该方法不仅可以提高供电电压质量，还能够达到降低网损和负荷均衡的目的。文中举了2个应用算例，验证了该方法的可行性。     

计及不确定性和谐波畸变的分布式电源最优配置

针对配网中存在谐波畸变,且存在多种不确定因素的问题,在分布式电源(distributed generator,DG)优化配置模型中考虑了谐波畸变限值,并利用区间数表示不确定因素。DG优化模型以DG成本电价、网络损耗及电压稳定性为指标,并在满足配网潮流安全性约束的基础上增加谐波畸变限值的约束,建立多目标优化模型。最后利用基于区间TOPSIS(technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution)算法定量分析不确定因素的影响,并与非劣排序遗传算法(nondominated sorting genetic algorithm,NSGA)相结合求出DG最优配置方案。算例验证表明该方法可有效降低谐波畸变率,实现DG发电效益和供电质量的综合最优。     

基于人工神经网络的电网频率测量方法

基于多层感知器可以任意精度逼近任何线性或非线性 基本原理,提出了一种采用多层前馈神经网络的频率测量方法,并给出相应反向传播学习算法（ＢＰ）神经网络的构造过程和训练方法。仿真结果表明,基于人工神经网络的频率测量方法具有实时性、高精度和鲁棒性,有实用价值。     

考虑质心映射与路径解析的分布式电源优化配置搜索策略

为在配电网中优化配置分布式电源(distributed generation,DG),基于“局部–全局–局部”思想首先构造功率圈,借助物理学质心概念,搜索静力矩平衡点配置 DG;然后从全局考虑含多 DG 网络节点电压要求,结合节点电压波动指标对 DG 接入点进行区域修正,并校验功率圈内电压约束条件是否满足要求;最后解析独立 DG 等效网络,计算有效传递(影响)因子,为进一步的区域 DG 优化调度提供参考.算例结果验证了该方法的有效性     

A novel hybrid PSO-PS optimized fuzzy PI controller for AGC in multi area interconnected power systems

In this paper, a novel hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Pattern Search (PS) optimized fuzzy PI controller is proposed for Automatic Generation Control (AGC) of multi area power systems. Initially a two area non-reheat thermal system is used and the gains of the fuzzy PI controller are optimized employing a hybrid PSO and PS (hPSO-PS) optimization technique. The superiority of the proposed fuzzy PI controller has been shown by comparing the results with Bacteria Foraging Optimization Algorithm (BFOA), Genetic Algorithm (GA), conventional Ziegler Nichols (ZN), Differential Evolution (DE) and hybrid BFOA and PSO based PI controllers for the same interconnected power system. Additionally, the proposed approach is further extended to multi source multi area hydro thermal power system with/without HVDC link. The superiority of the proposed approach is shown by comparing the results with some recently published approaches such as ZN tuned PI, Variable Structure System (VSS) based ZN tuned PI, GA tuned PI, VSS based GA tuned PI, Fuzzy Gain Scheduling (FGS) and VSS based FGS for the identical power systems. Further, sensitivity analysis is carried out which demonstrates the ability of the proposed approach to wide changes in system parameters, size and position of step load perturbation The proposed approach is also extended to a non-linear power system model by considering the effect of governor dead band non-linearity and the superiority of the proposed approach is shown by comparing the results of hybrid BFO-PSO and craziness based PSO approach for the identical interconnected power system. Finally, the study is extended to a three area system considering both thermal and hydro units with different controllers in each area and the results are compared with hybrid BFO-PSO and ANFIS approaches.     

基于牛顿法的配电网络Zbus潮流计算方法

根据配电网的特点,在比较各类算法的基础上提出了一种新的基于牛顿法的配电网潮流算法。该算法从Zbus算法出发,对网络方程进行虚实部分解,形成的雅可比矩阵与节点导纳矩阵有极大的相似性,迭代中雅可比矩阵仅有少部分对角元素需要修改。算法通过修改雅可比矩阵元素来处理PV节点,还能够处理几种不同类型的负荷模型。理论分析和计算表明该算法性能优良,是配电网络潮流分析的有效方法。     

基于主动配电网运行特性的电压质量评估

主动配电网(active distribution network,ADN)在元件故障时可以主动组网隔离故障,实现部分持续供电。基于这一主动运行特性,计及主动配电网的多运行状态,提出了主动配电网的电压质量评估方法。首先对元件的状态持续时间抽样得到系统的状态与持续时间序列,并对系统各运行状态进行拓扑辨识和导纳参数辨识;然后对分布式电源的出力和负荷采用拉丁超立方抽样,孤岛模式下计及功率平衡原则执行储能和负荷的协调控制,得到分布式电源、储能和负荷的功率;最后对各运行状态进行概率潮流计算,对电压幅值结果进行统计分析,并用提出的节点电压偏差风险和孤岛节点失电率指标进行电压质量评估。将所提方法应用到基于RBTS-Bus2的主动配电网测试系统中,验证了所提方法的有效性。     

A two-point estimate method for uncertainty modeling in multi-objective optimal reactive power dispatch problem

Due to nonlinear and discrete variables and constraints, optimal reactive power dispatch (ORPD) is a complex optimization problem in power systems. In this paper, the purpose is to solve multi objective ORPD (MO-ORPD) problem considering bus voltage limits, the limits of branches power flow, generators voltages, transformers tap changers and the amount of compensation on weak buses. The objectives of this paper are real power losses and voltage deviations from their corresponding nominal values, which are conflicting objectives. Because of the stochastic behavior of loads, the MO-ORPD problem requires a probabilistic approach. Hence, in this paper, a two-point estimate method (TPEM) is proposed to model the load uncertainty in MO-ORPD problem. Moreover, the proposed method is compared with some other methods such as deterministic approaches and Monte Carlo simulations (MCS). The obtained results approve the efficiency of the proposed methodology. The proposed models are implemented and solved using GAMS optimization package and verified using IEEE 14-bus and IEEE 30-bus standard test systems.     

电力系统奇异摄动模型霍普夫分岔分析

该文讨论了多时标电力系统模型中的奇异诱导分岔(SIB)和奇异霍普夫分岔(SHB)的特点及其相互关系；拓展了SHB理论的应用范围，使之适用于一类和其本身慢性流型维数无关的电力系统奇异摄动常微分方程(ODE)模型；阐述了电力系统微分代数方程(DAE)模型发生SIB分岔和ODE型发生SHB分岔存在一一对应的特点。最后，以一个三机系统为例，通过时标变换求解带阻尼项电力系统ODE模型平衡点的方法，巧妙地回避了DAE模型在奇异诱导分岔点处无法求解的困难，展示了带阻尼项的电力系统DAE模型会发生双奇异诱导分岔这一特点，并验证了它和带阻尼项的ODE模型发生霍普夫分岔存在对应关系，为多时标电力系统模型分岔分析提供了新的思路和分析方法。