一种新型自寻优模糊控制器

利用梯度下降法反向修改带有可调整因子的模糊控制器中的可调整因子。提出了一种对可调整因子进行在线实时修改和优化的方法。通过对被控对象的分析给出了控制器参数的初值。在运行过程中，利用该方法对可调整因子进行在线实时修改和优化，实现模糊控制器控制规则的自寻优，使过程具有较好的控制品质。     

一种自调整模糊控制器的设计与仿真研究

提出了一种基于规则，参数自整定的模糊控制器的设计方法，它通过引入误差加权因子和误差变化率加权因子，以系统阶跃响应的上升时间和超调量为性能评价指标，并根据评价结果建立自适应算法，对模糊控制器的模糊推理规则及参数进行自调整。仿真结果进行表明，误差变化率加权因子以明显改善模糊控制器的稳定性，性能评价指标函数，模糊推理规则和参数调整算法简单实用，便于实现，对被控对象的参数变化具有较强的适应能力，控制效果良好。     

在线自调整模糊控制器的设计

一、问题的提出模糊控制器的性能在很大程度上取决于所建立的模糊控制规则及其可调整性.因此,模糊控制规则的自调整是提高和改善模糊控制器性能的关键.由于模糊控制器的控制规则以解析形式描述,这就为设计具有在线自调整控制功能的模糊控制器提供了强有力的手段.基于模糊数概念建立了修正因子的模糊数模型,并对其插值.在对量化、比例、积分因子寻优后.能使所设计的模糊控制系统具有在线自调整控制规则的功能并具有良好的动态性能.本文还对模糊数模型有无插值运算两种方案进行了比较,并提供了仿真算例.     

带自调整因子模糊PID AGV转速控制与实现

针对AGV转速控制要求响应快、精度高的特点,提出带自调整因子的模糊PID转速控制算法,该控制器能根据系统误差大小分配不同的调整因子,从而做到模糊控制规则的自我调整,克服了常规模糊PID控制器一旦设计完成控制规则无法变动的问题.基于MT6071iE软件界面,搭载AB PLC转速控制器程序设计及相应的操作界面,实现了所提算法的AGV控制测试.结果表明,带自调整因子模糊PID控制算法过渡过程时间短,有很好的工程应用前景.     

一种自组织模糊神经网络控制器

采用一种具有结构和参数学习能力的自组织模糊神经网络控制器设计方法。这种控制器无需事先确定模糊控制规则，能在控制过程中通过神经网络的结构及参数学习在线调整模糊神经网络的结构、产生模糊控制规则、调整规则的参数。仿真表明该控制器能用于一定纯滞后时变对象的控制，具有良好的控制性能。     

模糊-PID控制器在空调温度控制中的应用

该文首先利用计算机仿真软件中的优化工具箱对常规PID控制器中的比例、积分和微分参数进行优化，并且针对中央空调温度控制系统非线性、大滞后的特点，设计了在规则上可调整的模糊控制器，该模糊控制器通过α因子自调整和Ku的自寻优，达到适应和跟踪系统参数变化的目的；而后采用模糊逻辑工具箱和MATLAB函数相结合，方便地实现空调温度控制系统的计算机仿真。仿真结果表明，这种控制方式控制效果优于常规PID控制，有效地改善了系统的动态性能、稳态精度和鲁棒性。     

航空发动机自调整模糊控制器设计研究

航空发动机是一个复杂的非线性控制系统,难以建立精确数学模型,在飞行包线宽广的范围内工作存在不确定性和时变性。模糊控制有利于解决上述问题,而基本模糊控制器一旦被设计,对于模糊规则和综合推理也被确定,但不能调整。为了满足航空发动机复杂多变的控制要求,提出一种规则自调整的方法设计模糊控制系统。采用自组织思想,引入调整因子,实现对模糊规则的自调整功能。通过对航空发动机模型仿真,结果表明,与基本模糊控制器相比,自调整模糊控制器输出调节时间短、速度快、阶跃响应特性好,满足航空发动机控制要求。     

一种带智能积分的自调整因子模糊控制器

本文介绍一种带智能积分的全论域自调整因子模糊控制器，经数字仿真和模拟仿真证明这种控制器比一般自调整因子模糊控制器的控制效果更好。     

机械臂自调整因子模糊PD迭代学习控制研究

大部分模糊控制器不具有适应控制对象变化的能力,基于此设计一种自调整因子模糊控制器,并针对机械臂长时间重复操作导致运动精确度下降这一类问题,结合迭代学习控制方法,提出一种自调整因子模糊PD迭代学习控制方法;以双关节机械臂为研究对象,利用Fuzzy工具箱编写模糊控制规则,通过系统产生的误差以及误差的变化率作为模糊控制器的输入量调整模糊系统中的量化因子和比例因子,实现模糊规则的更新和对迭代学习控制中的PD参数的实时调整,系统的自适应性得到提高,并在Simulink中进行机械臂的运动控制实验,仿真结果表明,所提控制方法最终产生的误差可以精确到0.0001 rad,同时在进行第2次迭代时关节角度和角速度误差收敛基本趋于零,整体的控制效果较好。     

简化的模糊PID控制方案

提出一种简化模糊PID控制方案，将三维的控制规则库简化为二维，大大减少了模糊控制规则的数目，简化了控制策略及控制器的设计和调整过程。并讨论了该控制器的调整方法，最后通过仿真验证了其优越的性能。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.