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《中国石油和化工标准与质量》2019,(14):229-230
随着全球化经济的快速发展,工业化水平不断提升,在给人们生产生活带来更大便利的同时也造成了更加严重的环境问题和能耗问题。石油作为一种不可再生资源,其产量对社会经济发展具有至关重要的影响作用,该行业可以充分利用石油生产多样化的产品,在此过程中不断降低能耗对石油化工行业的可持续发展具有十分重要的意义,常减压装置在石油化工行业当中占据着很大一部分比例。本文结合大型常减压装置能耗特点对其节能优化技术进行了一定的探讨。 相似文献
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传统的炼油企业生产计划优化与过程操作优化往往是分离的, 从而造成生产计划优化系统制定出的生产方案可能在实际的生产装置操作上无法实现的情况。为了确保石化企业生产计划制定的方案可行的同时实现过程装置操作优化, 基于流程模拟软件建立了常减压蒸馏装置生产计划与过程操作的集成优化策略, 并提出了该优化策略的有效寻优方法。该方法通过流程模拟软件验证生产计划的可达性, 不断修正生产计划关键变量的优化区间, 在求得生产计划最优解的同时确定装置的工艺操作条件。以某炼油厂常减压蒸馏装置炼油为例验证提出的集成优化方法, 案例证明该集成策略不仅确保生产计划在实际生产的可操作性, 还得到了生产计划与过程装置操作的同步优化。 相似文献
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炼油装置对蒸汽的消耗是除了加热炉燃料油外的最大用能方式之一,炼油装置的低温余热利用是石化装置节能减排的主要工作思路,在常减压装置适当的工艺部位选择合适的热流作为热源,增加蒸汽发生器,再利用适当的低温余热提高换热终温,可替代原来的燃油蒸汽锅炉,节能减排效果显著,经济效益十分可观。 相似文献
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热管式空气预热器具有传热性能好、结构简单、紧凑、投资少、运行费用低、流阻小等优点.它能强化整个换热器的传热过程,提高管束的平均换热系数.同时,它在常减压装置上的广泛应用,使其传热效率得到大大提高,从而节约了能源. 相似文献
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文章针对惠州炼油1200万吨/年常减压装置运行第一周期能耗偏高原因进行了分析,主要原因就是装置原油偏离设计,加热炉空气预热器不适应长周期操作和能耗管理有偏差,并就原因提出优化措施:改造装置、更换空气预热器以及精细化能耗管理,在装置第二周期运行阶段,装置能耗明显降低。 相似文献
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周占红 《中国石油和化工标准与质量》2021,(12):148-150
常减压装置是将常压蒸馏装置与减压蒸馏装置合成,其在使用中需要经历三道工序,即对原油进行脱盐和脱水处理,之后是常压蒸馏,最后是减压蒸馏.在应用常减压装置的时候,要使装置有较高的使用效率,就需要采用先进的控制技术,从企业的生产需求出发控制炉效率以及常减压塔液位.本论文着重于研究先进控制技术在常减压装置的应用. 相似文献
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Gang Fu Yoel Sanchez Vladimir Mahalec 《American Institute of Chemical Engineers》2016,62(4):1065-1078
Planning, scheduling, and real time optimization are currently implemented using different types of models, which causes discrepancies between their results. This work presents a single model of a crude distillation unit (preflash, atmospheric, and vacuum towers) suitable for all of these applications, thereby eliminating discrepancies between models used in these decision processes. Product true boiling point (TBP) curves are predicted via partial least squares model from the feed TBP curve and operating conditions (flows, pumparound heat duties, furnace coil outlet temperatures). Combined with volumetric and energy balances, this enables prediction of crude distillation on par with a rigorous distillation model, with 0.5% root mean square error (RMSE) over a wide range of conditions. Associated properties (e.g., gravity, sulfur) are computed for each product based on its distillation curve and corresponding property distribution in the feed. Model structure makes it particularly amenable for development from plant data. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 62: 1065–1078, 2016 相似文献
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原油作业过程是石油供应链的重要组成环节,包括炼油企业生产过程中的原油采购、原油分配、原油输送、原油储存和原油调和等多个工业流程。原油作业过程优化具有很高的学术理论价值与工业应用价值,与其相关的研究工作是目前学术界与工业界共同关注的热点。首先简要描述了原油作业过程,并对其优化问题的难点进行分析;其次,分别从优化模型、优化算法以及不确定性优化方法三个研究角度,重点阐述了原油采购优化、原油储运优化、原油调和优化以及不确定性条件下原油作业优化四个主要研究方向的学术进展,并对当前已有的研究成果进行了归纳总结;最后,对原油作业过程优化当前存在的一些问题提出了建议,并对该领域未来的发展方向与趋势进行了展望。 相似文献
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This paper aims to investigate the multi-stage effect on crude distillation units (CDUs) in thermodynamics. In this regard, we proposed three-, four-, five-, and six-stage CDU processes with all variables constrained to be almost the same except for the number of stages. We also analyzed the energy and exergy to assess the energy consumed by each process. Because additional distillation units would share the processing load and thus prevent products with low boiling points from overheating, the heat demand of the CDUs decreases with increasing stages and thus reduces the heat supply. Exergy loss is considered as a key parameter to assess these processes. When the exergy losses in heat exchangers are disregarded, the three- and four-stage CDUs have lower exergy losses than the five- and six-stage CDUs. When the overall exergy losses are considered, the optimum number of stages of CDUs depends on the exergy efficiency of heat integration. 相似文献
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在免疫克隆选择和人工免疫网络算法基础上,采用了Agent的思想,提出了一种邻域-克隆选择学习全局优化算法(N-Clonalg)。不同于其他人工免疫算法,N-Clonalg定义了网格化的邻域操作环境,其主要搜索算子有N-克隆选择、N-竞争和自学习算子,能有机结合全局与局部搜索,多峰测试函数表明能较好地克服克隆选择算法(Clonalg)的早熟及人工免疫网络算法(Opt-aiNet)收敛速度慢问题。分馏装置负荷优化实例应用表明,算法具有较好的最优解搜索性能,能较好地实现化工中的寻优问题。 相似文献
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己烷油精馏工序是溶剂油生产过程的重要环节,但其伴随着高能耗和高排放。因此,己烷油精馏工序的能量、经济和环境(3E)多目标优化对于溶剂油工业的可持续发展具有重要意义。针对传统非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅱ)收敛速度慢、易陷入局部最优等问题,本文提出了一种改进的基于多策略集成的多目标遗传算法(MENSGA-Ⅱ)。该算法发展了一种基于邻域的引导策略,以增强算法的搜索能力进而加快收敛速度;同时引入随机极限游走策略以维持算法所获得解集的分布性。将MENSGA-Ⅱ应用于典型的测试函数和实际的己烷油精馏过程,结果表明,该算法在鲁棒性、收敛速度和解集分布性上具有优越性。与实际运行工况相比,典型优化工况下精馏系统年度毛利润可提升4.99×105USD/a,能源消耗和CO2排放可分别减少5.09×102kW/a和4.82×102kg/a。 相似文献
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Crude oil distil ation is important in refining industry. Operating variables of distil ation process have a critical ef-fect on product output value and energy consumption. However, the objectives of minimum energy consumption and maximum product output value do not coordinate with each other and do not lead to the maximum eco-nomic benefit of a refinery. In this paper, a systematic optimization approach is proposed for the maximum an-nual economic benefit of an existing crude oil distil ation system, considering product output value and energy consumption simultaneously. A shortcut model in Aspen Plus is used to describe the crude oil distillation and the pinch analysis is adopted to identify the target of energy recovery. The optimization is a nonlinear program-ming problem and solved by stochastic algorithm of particle warm optimization. 相似文献
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Fupei Li Feng Qian Minglei Yang Wenli Du Vladimir Mahalec 《American Institute of Chemical Engineers》2021,67(2):e17115
Accuracy of a crude distillation unit (CDU) model has a significant impact on refinery production planning. High accuracy is typically accomplished via nonlinear models which causes convergence difficulties when the entire refinery model is optimized. CDU model presented in this work is a mixed-integer linear model with a modest number of binary variables; its accuracy is on par with rigorous tray to tray CDU models. The model relies on the observation12 that a line through the middle of the product true boiling point (TBP) curve depends on the crude feed properties and the yields of the adjacent products. Novelty of the product tri-section CDU model is that it does not require models of individual distillation towers comprising the CDU, thereby leading to a much simpler model structure. Significant reduction in the computational effort required for the optimization of nonlinear refinery models is illustrated by comparison with previous work. 相似文献