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刘吉平;徐俊良;张寅;钟仁明;单国平;陈炜 《中华放射肿瘤学杂志》2021,30(05):429-433
美国放射治疗师培训项目成立较早,培养模式、资格认证和继续教育较为完善。查阅美国劳工部、放射技师注册资格认证协会、放射技师协会、放射技术教育联合审查委员会网站以及中国内地外相关文献资料,分析了美国放射治疗师的培养模式、资格认证、工作内容、继续教育、就业情况,为建立适合中国内地国情的放射治疗师专业人才培养的新模式提供一些借鉴和启示。 相似文献
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目的 探讨甲状腺影像报告和数据系统(TI-RADS)与2015年美国甲状腺学会(ATA)指南超声模式在甲状腺结节定性诊断中的应用价值.方法 回顾性分析2019年1月至2020年1月新野县人民医院收治的甲状腺结节患者268例(320个结节),均接受手术治疗、病理诊断、TI-RADS与2015ATA超声模式诊断,统计分析2... 相似文献
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亓姝楠;杨颛博;汪华;曹建忠;张希梅;范诚诚;王奇峰;王淑莲;李晔雄 《中华放射肿瘤学杂志》2021,30(01):1-6
目的 对比国内外优秀放疗中心肿瘤放疗专科医师培养经验,为中国肿瘤专科医院放疗基地医师培养体制提供改进的依据。 方法 通过电子问卷邮件和在线调查,收取中国6家省级肿瘤专科医院和欧美5家肿瘤专科中心的住院医师及教师反馈,描述和比较培养模式。 结果 中国26位住院医师和23位教师参与调查。国外20位住院医师和1位教师回答问卷,并反馈4份专科医师培养制度文件。中国专科医师培养计划分成2个阶段,本研究结果反应第一阶段情况。在培养目标、临床实践培养形式、轮转培养规则以及考核设置上中国与国外相同。但中国比国外规范化培训时长少(2~3年比4~5年)。中国项目覆盖主要常见病种;国外按照病种轮转保证每个病种的实践。中国工作量多数为40~60 h/周,国外住院医师工作时间多依照本地法规要求,但美国纽约项目长达60~80 h/周。 结论 中国6家肿瘤中心放疗专科医师培养第一阶段在总体目标、培养模式和考核方向上与欧美优质项目相似,但在项目总时长尤其是放疗科内轮转时长和按照病种轮转方面低于欧美项目。 相似文献
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《Zeitschrift für medizinische Physik》2022,32(3):283-295
PurposeTo assess dose levels in routine nuclear medicine (NUC) procedures in Austria as a prior to a legislative update of the National Diagnostic Reference Levels (NDRL).MethodAs part of a nationwide survey of common NUC-examinations between June 2019 and November 2019, data sets were collected from 33 Austrian hospitals with NUC equipment. All hospitals were asked to report the NUC imaging devices in use (model, type, year of manufacture, detector material, collimators), the standard protocol parameters for selected examinations (standard activity, collimator, average acquisition time, reconstruction type, use of time-of-flight) and to report data from 10 representative examinations (e.g. injected activity, weight), incl. the most common NUC-examinations for planar imaging/SPECT and PET. Median/mean values for injected activity were calculated and compared to current Austrian and international NDRL. A Pearson correlation coefficient was computed comparing different variables.ResultsIn total, all 33 hospitals (100% response rate) reported data for this study for 60 SPECT devices, 21 PET/CT devices and 23 scintigraphy devices. Fixed activity values for scintigraphy/SPECT and PET were employed by about 90% and 56% of the hospitals, respectively. The most widely performed examinations for scintigraphy/SPECT are bone imaging, thyroid imaging, renal imaging (with MAG3/EC) and lung perfusion imaging (in 88% of the hospitals) and F-18 FDG-PET studies for oncology indications (in 100% of the hospitals). Significant correlations were found for patient weight and injected activity (scintigraphy/SPECT), use of iterative reconstruction and injected activity (PET) as well as size of field-of-view and injected activity (PET).ConclusionsThe reported injected activity levels were comparable to those in other countries. However, for procedures for which NDRL exist, deviations in injected activities of >20% compared to the NDRL were found. These deviations are assumed to result mainly from advances in technology but also from deviations between NDRL and prescribed activities as given in the information leaflets of the radiopharmaceuticals. 相似文献
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目的 探讨不同工作年限放疗技师在老年Ⅲ期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)调强放疗中的作用。方法 收集2015年8月至2017年8月160例老年Ⅲ期NSCLC患者,按放疗技师的工作年限随机分为<5年组(n=80)和≥5年组(n=80)。两组患者均接受同步放化疗,放疗剂量60~70 Gy/30~35 f,每周5次;化疗药物包括紫杉醇、多西他赛、培美曲塞、吉西他滨、顺铂、卡铂等。结果 <5年组获完全缓解(CR)8例(10.0%)、部分缓解(PR)48例(60.0%)、稳定(SD)16例(20.0%)、进展(PD)8例(10.0%),有效率(RR)为70.0%。≥5年组获CR 8例(10.0%)、PR 68例(85.0%)、SD 4例(5.0%),RR为95.0%。两组RR比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。<5年组的摆位误差为(7.0±2.43)mm,≥5年组为(5.0±1.23)mm,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。<5年组生活质量的改善稳定率为80.0%,≥5年组为92.5%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与<5年组比较,≥5年组在放射治疗期间的毒副反应较少,但两组3级以上白细胞减少和急性及远期放射性肺炎发生率的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 接受工作年限≥5年放疗技师操作的Ⅲ期NSCLC患者的近期疗效更好,生活质量改善更明显。 相似文献
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比亚芬防治鼻咽癌同期调强放疗和化疗放射性皮肤损伤的疗效观察 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的:观察比亚芬乳膏防治鼻咽癌同期调强放疗及化疗患者急性放射性皮肤损伤的临床疗效。方法:采用瓦里安600CD含120叶多叶光栅的6MVX线三维适形调强技术照射,并联合卡培他滨同步化疗。结果:25例在第1次放射治疗及化疗后给予比亚芬乳膏涂抹为用药组;26例只做常规放射治疗宣教和健康教育为对照组。两组患者皮肤反应发生率为100%。轻度放射反应(Ⅰ+Ⅱ度):用药组为88.0%(22/25例),对照组为57.7%(15/26例),Ⅲ度放射反应:用药组12.0%(3/25例),对照组42.3%(11/26例)。两组之间有显著差异,P〈0.01。皮肤反应发生剂量:用药组32.0%(8/25例)、对照组96.2%(25/26例)出现于照射40Gy以前。结论:比亚芬能有效地预防鼻咽癌放、化疗同期较严重放射性皮炎的发生,对患者能减轻痛苦、提高生活质量、保证放射治疗的顺利进行。 相似文献
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Shakespeare TP Back MF Lu JJ Lee KM Mukherjee RK 《International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics》2006,64(3):941-947
PURPOSE: The external audit of oncologist clinical practice is increasingly important because of the incorporation of audits into national maintenance of certification (MOC) programs. However, there are few reports of external audits of oncology practice or decision making. Our institution (The Cancer Institute, Singapore) was asked to externally audit an oncology department in a developing Asian nation, providing a unique opportunity to explore the feasibility of such a process. METHODS AND MATERIALS: We audited 100 randomly selected patients simulated for radiotherapy in 2003, using a previously reported audit instrument assessing clinical documentation/quality assurance and medical decision making. RESULTS: Clinical documentation/quality assurance, decision making, and overall performance criteria were adequate 74.4%, 88.3%, and 80.2% of the time, respectively. Overall 52.0% of cases received suboptimal management. Multivariate analysis revealed palliative intent was associated with improved documentation/clinical quality assurance (p = 0.07), decision making (p = 0.007), overall performance (p = 0.003), and optimal treatment rates (p = 0.07); non-small-cell lung cancer or central nervous system primary sites were associated with better decision making (p = 0.001), overall performance (p = 0.03), and optimal treatment rates (p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Despite the poor results, the external audit had several benefits. It identified learning needs for future targeting, and the auditor provided facilitating feedback to address systematic errors identified. Our experience was also helpful in refining our national revalidation audit instrument. The feasibility of the external audit supports the consideration of including audit in national MOC programs. 相似文献
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Integration of virtual reality (VR) in clinical training programs is a novel tool in radiotherapy. This paper presents a review of the experience with VR and Immersive visualization in 3D perspective for planning and delivery of external radiotherapy.Planning and delivering radiation therapy is a complex process involving physicians, physicists, radiographers and radiation therapists/nurses (RTT’s). The specialists must be able to understand spatial relationships in the patient anatomy.Although still in its infancy, VR tools have become available for radiotherapy training, enabling students to simulate and train clinical situations without interfering with the clinical workflow, and without the risk of making errors. Immersive tools like a 3D linear accelerator and 3D display of dose distributions have been integrated into training, together with IT-labs with clinical software. Training in a VR environment seems to be cost-effective for the clinic. Initial reports suggest that 3D display of dose distributions may improve treatment planning and decision making. Whether VR training qualifies the students better than conventional training is still unsettled, but the first results are encouraging. 相似文献
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目的:以邻苯二甲酸二-(2-乙基己基)酯(DEHP)为原料研究制备用于聚氯乙烯类医疗器械检测用的DEHP标准物质。方法:采用气相色谱-质谱联用、红外、核磁共振等技术对原材料进行筛选和考核,对DEHP的含量进行测定,并采用多家实验室协作标定的方式进行定值,进行不确定度评定,及对DEHP标准物质的均匀性和稳定性进行考察。结果:所选择DEHP原料纯度高,量值稳定,含量为99.9%±0.2%;DEHP含量的瓶间和瓶内检测结果差异均无统计学意义(F分别为2.20、0.28,均小于F临界值2.85,P > 0.05);稳定性试验结果显示分装后12个月DEHP含量无变化,DEHP标准物质在12个月内是稳定的。结论:所制备的DEHP纯度高、不确定度小、均匀性和稳定性良好,适宜作为医疗器械检测用DEHP标准物质。 相似文献