可燃气体报警器原理及其应用研究

可燃气体报警器就是气体泄漏检测报警仪器。如果工业环境中可燃或有毒气体泄漏,当气体报警器检测到气体浓度达到爆炸或中毒报警器设置的临界点时,可燃气体报警器就会发出报警信号,以提醒工作采取安全措施。可燃气体报警器被广泛用于名类化工厂、液化气站、油库等易发生可燃气体泄漏的场所,对这些场所进行实时监测,保障了该类场所的安全工作环境。     

可燃气体报警器的选点安装与使用维护

可燃气体报警器由探测器与报警仪构成 ,广泛应用于石油、燃气、化工、油库等存在可燃气体的石油化工行业 ,可检测室内外危险场所的泄漏情况。当被测场所存在可燃气体时 ,探测器将泄漏气体转换成电压信号或电流信号传送到报警仪表 ,仪器显示出可燃气体爆炸下限的百分比浓度值。当可燃气体浓度超过报警设定值时 ,该报警器发出声光报警信号提示值班人员及时采取安全措施 ,避免燃爆事故发生。下面将可燃气体报警器的选点、安装、使用及维护的方法和注意事项简单介绍一下。1　应用时的注意事项可燃气体报警器采用定点式安装 ,其位置不易更改。具…     

海上平台可燃气体报警器的故障处理及改进探讨

可燃气体报警器广泛应用于海上采油平台的井口、工艺甲板、修井机、变配电室等场所,用以检测易燃、易爆气体的泄漏,起到监测可燃气体浓度的作用,避免火灾、爆炸等重大安全事故的发生。该文简要介绍了海上采油平台可燃气体报警器的常见类型、工作原理、常见故障分析及处理,针对可燃气体报警器在海上采油平台的应用现状提出了相关改进建议,以提高其使用效率,确保海上平台的安全生产。     

可燃气体报警器的选点安装与使用维护

可燃气体报警器由探测器与报警器构成,广泛应用于石油、天燃气、化工、油库等存在可燃气体的石油化工行业,用以检测室内外危险场所的泄漏情况,是保证生产和人身安全的重要仪器。当被测场所存在可燃气体时,探测器将气体浓度信号转换成电压信号或电流信号传送到报警     

可燃气体报警器在化工生产装置中的具体应用分析

在化工生产过程中,通常会涉及对可燃危险气体的生产、使用,所以,危险气体泄漏报警系统的应用极为重要,化工企业必须正确安装可燃气体报警器,实现对可燃企业泄漏的及时报警,有效预防气体泄漏导致的中毒、火灾、窒息、爆炸等重大安全事故。本文对可燃气体报警器中的安装、校验、运行维护等问题以及具体措施等内容进行了深入分析、探讨,以提高化工生产装置的安全生产水平,保障生产运行维护人员的生命健康。     

可燃气体报警器计量检定及发展探析

可燃气体报警器随着社会对燃气的需求得到了广泛的应用,本文论述了可燃气体报警器计量检定工作的重要意义,阐述计量检定遵循的工作原则,并对检定工作内容给予较全面解析;根据新材料和新技术的发展,对可燃气体报警器及其计量检定的发展趋势作了两方面的探析。     

可燃气体报警器计量检定及发展探析

可燃气体报警器随着社会对燃气的需求得到了广泛的应用,本文论述了可燃气体报警器计量检定工作的重要意义,阐述计量检定遵循的工作原则,并对检定工作内容给予较全面解析;根据新材料和新技术的发展,对可燃气体报警器及其计量检定的发展趋势作了两方面的探析。     

KJB－1型可燃气体检测报警器的改进

ＫＪＢ－１型可燃气体检测报警器的改进锦西化工总厂杜虎山，王同庆北京燕山石化公司仪表厂生产的ＭＪＢ－１型可燃气体检测报警器是由Ｋ２－１型报警器（二次表）和Ｋ１－１型检测器）（一次表）组成。检测器安装在有可能泄漏出可燃气体的危险现场场所，报警器安装在控制...     

可燃气体报警器的检定与正确使用

可燃气体报警器广泛应用于冶金、石油、化工、煤炭等行业和市政煤气、仓储、交通、宾馆饭店和消防部门,并逐步应用于家庭防火。它主要是测定环境空气中可燃气体的浓度,当空气中可燃气体浓度达到一定量时,报警器就会自动报警,进而做出排风或使截止阀动作反应,起到防止火灾和中毒事故发生的作用。《中华人民共和国计量法》和《中华人民共和国强制检定的工作计量器具管理办法》规定,可燃气体检测报警器属于强制检定计量器具,必须纳入依法强制管理范围,实施定点定周期强制检定。检定周期不超过一年。     

浅谈可燃气体报警器检定

可燃气体报警器的作用是对空气中可燃气体的浓度进行实时监测,并在监测结果高于预设的爆炸下限值时发出警报,提醒工作人员对当前存在的安全隐患进行处理,以此确保安全生产的顺利进行。目前,可燃气体报警器在我国石油、化工、天然气等行业得到了非常广泛的应用,其使用性能能否得到有效发挥直接关系到企业安全生产的顺利进行,报警器检定工作的重要性也因此得到了进一步的凸显。本文在对可燃气体报警器以及检定工作的相关问题进行简单介绍的基础上,对检定的内容与方法、检定工作中的常见问题及应对策略进行了分析和讨论,希望能够为检定工作的科学、有效进行起到一定的参考与借鉴的作用。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

Limits of topographic measurement by the scanning tunnelling and atomic force microscopes

Parameters describing the topographic character of a surface (height, surface wavelength, slope and curvature) can be derived from equivalent sinusoidal profiles. The response of a surface-measuring instrument may be modelled in terms of instrument parameters such as stylus radius, and scanning range and resolution. The performance of the instrument may then be mapped as a zone in amplitude-wavelength (AW) space to show the sinusoidal profiles it is capable of measuring. In a first-order analysis the STM and AFM are considered as equivalent to contact-stylus instruments with a notional stylus radius equal to the tip radius plus the gap. Comparisons between different instruments and types of instrument are readily made by mapping in AW space. The error arising from convolution of the sinusoidal profile with that of the finite tip may be quantified and plotted as contours in AW space.     

Fractional order nonsingular terminal sliding mode control for flexible spacecraft attitude tracking

This paper investigates a fractional terminal sliding mode control for flexible spacecraft attitude tracking in the presence of inertia uncertainties and extern...     

奥氏体不锈钢表面双辉等离子渗锆的动力学

利用双辉等离子渗金属技术在0Cr18Ni9Ti奥氏体不锈钢表面制备了一层均匀、致密、呈良好冶金结合的渗锆合金层,并对1 060℃下的渗锆动力学进行了研究。结果表明:随着距锆合金层表面距离的增加,锆元素的含量呈梯度递减,扩散系数逐渐减小,而扩散激活能逐步增大;在1 060℃采用双辉等离子技术渗锆时,渗锆合金层表层的空位密度为2.945×(1012~1013)cm-2,与相同温度下采用常规渗金属工艺相比,提高了1~2个数量级。     

气化炉三维扫描测量与数据处理

以德士古气化炉耐火砖的内壁蚀损检测设备为基础,对采集到的点云数据做了进一步处理.通过对数据的筛选和剔除,实现了数据点的平滑降噪细化和精简.然后利用点云对整、网格划分和分色显示等方法,最终完成了内壁腐蚀情况的三维建模.重点讨论了点云数据的预处理及后处理的方法,并根据内壁耐火砖的腐蚀阈值,提出了一种气化炉内壁腐蚀区域的识别与分割方法.对耐火砖的腐蚀分析、气化炉的生产与维修提供了可靠依据,并在工程应用中获得了一致认可.