支持工作流和团队协作的增强RBAC模型

针对传统的访问控制模型不能直接应用到工作流和团队协作环境中的现象,本文提出了一种支持工作流和团队协作的增强RBAc溪型,通过添加工作流任务、工作流上下文、团队和协同约束等组件,扩展RBAc核心模型,以解决在工作流和团队协作环境中对信息访问控制的特殊要求,提高工作流管理系统的安全性和灵活性。     

一个支持动态变化的工作流元模型

支持动态可变和灵活的工作流系统是人们在实际应用中对工作流系统提出的新要求,传统的工作流建模思想必须加以改进以适应这种可动态变化的工作流运行模式.本文结合传统工作流的建模规律和动态变化的要求,提出了一个动态变化的三维空间元模型,将由过程模型、组织模型和信息模型组成的三维工作流模型从建模和运行变化的角度重新考虑,增加了对过程、活动、活动属性和组织模型的动态特性描述和操作协议描述,可以使在这个元模型之上的工作流模型具备人机交互能力和动态灵活性.元模型在工作流的建立阶段力求将动态特性进行描述和定义,在执行阶段可以在已定义的动态框架内变化,既保证了系统的灵活性,又使系统对动态变化具备可控操作.     

基于OWL时间本体的工作流建模与验证

提出了一种基于OWL时间本体的工作流模型,将OWL时间本体引入到工作流模型的描述中,可以方便地表示工作流中的时态信息和时态约束。在工作流管理系统中加入基于本体的规则后推理机可以检测工作流中的时态约束是否满足,同时推理机还可以自动检测工作流信息的一致性和有效性。     

基于Petri网和Web服务的工作流建模方案

面向Web服务的工作流系统能很好地满足现代企业应用集成和协作的需求，Web服务流程模型的建立是实现Web服务集成的重要环节。Petri网具有形式化的描述的基础和正确性分析的优点。文章将这两方面结合起来．对工作流网中控制流结构进行了分析，给出了由Petri网向WSFL转化的方法，并给出Petri模型中控制流结构的WSFL描述。     

基于UCON的空间访问控制模型的研究

虽然UCON模型包含了传统访问控制、信任管理、DRM三个问题领域,是下一代访问控制技术的发展方向,但是它不能解决空间数据库系统和基于移动用户位置的信息服务系统中空间动态授权。本文将空间授权规则引入到UCON模型中,提出了一个支持空间特性的面向使用的访问控制模型GEO—UCON,并给出了在空间环境下的授权规则,扩展了传统的UCON模型的空间安全描述能力。     

支持工作流管理的移动Agent系统关键技术的研究与实现

移动Agent与工作流管理的结合是目前移动Agent技术应用的主要方向之一。支持工作流管理的移动Agent系统能够改善现有工作流系统所欠缺的灵活性。论文介绍了应用面向Agent思想和面向对象技术实现支持工作流管理的移动Agent系统的关键技术与主要方法。论文中描述的内容为工作流系统的实现提供了一种新的思路和有效手段。     

网格环境下基于协商的跨域访问控制模型

在网格环境下,如何解决跨管理域的访问控制问题是实现资源共享和协同工作的关键。文中在基于角色的访问控制机制下,提出了一种基于协商的跨域访问控制模型并对其进行了形式化描述。各个域通过共同协商来定义、分配虚拟角色,用户以虚拟角色来实现虚拟组织内的跨域访问。此外,模型以访问控制策略的形式引入了计算对上下文信息的约束,从而能够支持上下文敏感的访问控制。     

融合空间上下文的自然场景语义建模

针对自然场景图像,本文提出一种融合空间上下文的场景语义建模和分类方法.针对场景中的局部语义对象,建立了基于贝叶斯网络的语义上下文模型.通过对已标注训练样本集的学习训练,获得局部语义对象在各类场景下的上下文模型.对于待分类的图像,首先利用支持向量机实现分割区域的分类,根据学习得到的语义上下文模型,提取图像中各语义对象的空间上下文信息,形成图像的语义上下文描述,实现场景分类.针对不同场景下的局部语义对象,利用贝叶斯网络自动学习得到不同的空间关系集合用于上下文信息提取,使得场景描述和分类过程更智能和有效.通过在六类自然场景图像数据集上的实验表明,本文所提算法能够很好的利用上下文信息,并取得满意的分类结果.     

基于策略的工作流系统研究

结合互联网工程任务组(Internet Engineering Task Force,IETF)提出的策略的概念和策略部署模型,提出了一种基于策略的工作流系统,并结合工作流系统的特点,提出了描述工作流策略语言,并给出了使用基于策略扩展的Petri网建立工作流过程模型的方法。基于该元模型的定义的工作流具有较好的灵活性,并对工作流的运行期实例的动态修改提供了支持。     

用进程代数描述可适应工作流的模型方法

工作流模型技术是当前的一个研究热点,工作流模型必须支持动态可适应性并且能够模型大规模的复杂系统才能被广泛应用.作者首次提出用进程代数——通信顺序进程(Communication Sequential Process,CSP)描述工作流的方法,并给出了模型可适应问题的解决方法.进程代数的合并(composition)特点可以将简单的工作流模型组合成复杂的工作流模型,从而解决复杂系统的模型问题,并为工作流模型的可重用性提供有力的支持.     

基于智能规划的工作流任务识别算法

针对传统算法将活动看成是彼此之间相互独立的事件,无法准确识别的问题,提出一种基于智能规划的工作流任务识别算法,利用工作流与智能规划在执行序列和操作规则方面存在的共性.通过高层次的抽象描述,自动推导出活动之间的内在逻辑联系,且能从外部信息充分挖掘潜在的知识,将工作流任务识别问题转变为对应的智能规划识别问题来进行求解,有效地解决了传统算法识别困难和对噪声数据敏感的问题.实验结果表明,本文提出的算法是可行的.     

Strategies for implementing knowledge-based systems

The effective management of knowledge is important for the competitivity of organizations. Rapid technological progress over the last decade has made knowledge-based systems (KBSs) (including expert systems, organizational memory information systems, and other advanced information technology solutions) an integral part of every organization's effort to manage its knowledge assets effectively, KBSs have an important impact on all levels of organizational knowledge: individual, group, organizational, and knowledge links. This paper outlines four generic knowledge processing strategies to guide the implementation of KBSs within organizations. These generic strategies are related both to the level of knowledge assets under consideration and the locus of responsibility for the development of KBS. The different knowledge processing strategies influence the management of knowledge possible within an organization and consequently influence the development of KBS within the organization. The paper also outlines different facilitators and barriers to the four knowledge processing strategies     

基于SOA的企业工作流模型的设计研究

传统的企业工作流模型将流程定义和实现都放在部署着工作流管理系统的服务器上,对软件产品的升级、管理和对第三方产品的集成造成了相当的困难。本文提出一种基于SOA的企业工作流模型,让工作流引擎通过调用WEB服务来完成客户定义的工作流的实例化,可以为企业管理信息化提供一条由局部到整体,阶段化实施的新途径。     

开放式多Agent企业供需网协同过程研究

多功能开放型企业供需网是为了适应全球资源获取、全球制造和全球销售的全球经济一体化趋势而提出的一种新的管理模式。它通过优势互补，对相关企业的人力、资金、产品、信息、技术、知识和管理等各类资源进行计划、协调与控制，对企业经营过程重构，形成利益一致、资源共享的多功能开放型供需网络。本文关于多Agent供需网协同过程的研究为供需网管理理念的实施提供了良好的技术支持。研究定义了供需网环境下的Agent结构及模型，描述了Agent行为功能并通过供需流与Agent的交互、协调，说明了在企业供需网管理模式下的多Agent协同过程，为企业间的供需过程提供了一个柔性的、开放式的技术解决方案。     

Systems Development Process Improvement: A Knowledge Integration Perspective

Although organizations have applied a variety of practices and tools to address information systems development (ISD) performance problems, most of these approaches have focused on controlling and improving predictability of the development process. There is growing recognition that ISD is a knowledge-intensive process that requires the integration of specialized stakeholder knowledge. We develop the perspective that integration of this specialized knowledge across knowledge boundaries in the ISD process drives ISD performance. We theorize that formal and informal organizational integrative practices influence ISD performance, because they facilitate the development of boundary objects that effectively span knowledge boundaries. Results from a field study of 110 firms provide considerable support for the proposed model. This paper makes three novel contributions to the technology management literature. First, it demonstrates that knowledge integration across knowledge boundaries through boundary objects improves ISD performance. Second, it shows how formal and informal organizational integrative practices enhance the integration of specialized knowledge within and across organizational subunits. Third, it shows that the positive influence of formal and informal organizational integrative practices on ISD performance is partially mediated by knowledge integration. For engineering and technology managers, the results highlight the centrality of knowledge integration for the management of technology development. Collectively, these findings offer a novel knowledge integration-based perspective that complements prior research on systems development and new product development     

Sharing knowledge through intranets: a study of organizationalculture and intranet implementation

Explores factors affecting the implementation of intranets, which are the technology upon which many knowledge management (KM) systems are built. Because intranets facilitate the sharing of employee knowledge, many believe that organizational culture influences intranet implementation. The results of this study found that intranet implementation is facilitated by a culture that emphasizes an atmosphere of trust and concern for other people (ethical culture), flexibility and innovation (developmental culture), and policies, procedures and information management (hierarchical culture). Management should ensure that the proper values are in place to optimize intranet implementation and to facilitate knowledge sharing     

Human-robot interaction in rescue robotics

Rescue robotics has been suggested by a recent DARPA/NSF study as an application domain for the research in human-robot integration (HRI). This paper provides a short tutorial on how robots are currently used in urban search and rescue (USAR) and discusses the HRI issues encountered over the past eight years. A domain theory of the search activity is formulated. The domain theory consists of two parts: 1) a workflow model identifying the major tasks, actions, and roles in robot-assisted search (e.g., a workflow model) and 2) a general information flow model of how data from the robot is fused by various team members into information and knowledge. The information flow model also captures the types of situation awareness needed by each agent in the rescue robot system. The article presents a synopsis of the major HRI issues in reducing the number of humans it takes to control a robot, maintaining performance with geographically distributed teams with intermittent communications, and encouraging acceptance within the existing social structure.     

Qualitative models of molecular function: linking genetic polymorphisms of tRNA to their functional sequelae

The exponential growth in the volume of biological information available makes it difficult for researchers to assemble the details into coherent models. Although an accurate model is ideal, full details are not generally available and are gained only incrementally. Therefore, as a first step toward integration of information, we propose a knowledge model for the qualitative representation of the relationships between mutations in genes and their effects at molecular cellular and clinical phenotypic levels. Our framework combines and extends two components: 1) a workflow model that allows hierarchical process and participant specifications; 2) Transparent Access to Multiple Bioinformatics Information Sources and the Unified Medical Language System, which serve as controlled biological and medical terminologies. By mapping our framework to Petri nets, we can perform qualitative simulations to validate models, and aid in predicting system behavior in the presence of dysfunctional components. This can be a step toward accurate quantitative models. Our application domain is the role of transfer ribonucleic acid molecules in protein translation-related disease. As an initial evaluation, we show that Petri nets derived from the historic and current views of the translation process yield different dynamic behavior. Our model is available at http://smi.stanford.edu/projects/helix/pubs/process-model/.     

遥感卫星地面系统面向服务流程管理研究

随着遥感卫星地面系统的规模不断扩大,传统的业务流程管理在协同性和灵活性等方面已不能适应发展的需要。通过对目前流程管理技术优缺点的分析,以及Web Service技术体系架构的研究,提出了Web Service技术在遥感卫星地面系统流程管理中的应用方案,可以有效地解决跨系统、跨平台的无缝联接,将各个分系统的应用和数据集成起来。