钙与鸡冠花提取物对氟中毒大鼠骨密度及尿锌、铜的影响

探讨鸡冠花提取物与钙对氟中毒大鼠尿锌、铜及骨密度的影响及其影响因素选用ＳＤ 大鼠４０ 只,雄性。随机分为５ 组,１ 组为正常对照,喂基础饲料及自来水;其余各级喂基础饲料及高氟水：除２ 组外,３ 组、４ 组、５ 组分别补加鸡冠花提取物、高钙加鸡冠花提取物。实验８ｗ 后,测骨密度、血ＭＤＡ、测血锌、铜及２４ｈ 尿钙、锌、铜、氟及尿肌酐含量。结果：高氟组与正常对照组相比血清ＭＤＡ、尿锌、尿钙增加,血清铜增加、铜／ 锌比值增大（Ｐ＜ ０．０５ 或Ｐ＜ ０．０１） ,高钙组尿钙高于对照组（Ｐ＜ ０．０５） ,各实验组尿氟均高于正常对照组（Ｐ＜ ０．０１） ,高氟组体重、ＢＭＣ及ＢＭＤ 均低于正常对照组和高钙加鸡冠花组（Ｐ＜０．０５ 或Ｐ＜ ０．０１） ,各预防组体重、ＢＭＣ及ＢＭＤ 与正常对照组接近（Ｐ＞ ０．０５） 。结果提示饮食高氟可影响大鼠骨密度及矿物质代谢,补钙、补鸡冠花提取物可减少高氟所造成的影响     

牛磺酸和维生素E对高脂家兔血清锌,铜,铁,钙的影响

本文研究了牛横酸和维生素Ｅ对饲高脂家兔血清锌，铜，铁，钙的影响。结果表明，牛磺酸能显著增加高脂家兔出血清锌含量（Ｐ＜０．０５），而维生素Ｅ显著降低高脂家兔血清铜含量（Ｐ＜０．０１）。总的牛磺酸和维生素Ｅ都非常显著地降低了高脂家兔的血清铜／锌比值（Ｐ＜０．０１），对血清铁和钙无显著性影响。提示牛横酸和维生素Ｅ可能通过调节体内的锌，铜代谢而影响脂质代谢及动脉粥样硬化形成。     

高锌对断乳大鼠生长发育及行为功能的影响

刚断乳Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠１６只分为两组。Ⅰ组喂常锌饲料（３０ｍｇ／ｋｇ），Ⅱ组喂给高锌饲料（１０００ｍｇ／ｋｇ），实验期６周。观察对断乳大鼠生长发育及行为功能的影响。结果表明，喂养后前两周，高锌组（Ⅱ组）动物体重增长及饲料消耗大于常锌组（Ⅰ组），而两周后则相反。脑及海马重量没有差别，但Ⅱ组的脑重指数及海马指数要大于Ⅰ组（Ｐ＜０．０５），胸腺重量Ⅱ组明显小于Ⅰ组（Ｐ＜０．０１），且Ⅱ组中有两只动物脾脏肿大。Ⅱ组血清总蛋白、白蛋白含量明显小于Ⅰ组（Ｐ＜０．０１），且股骨最大负重也显著少于Ⅰ组（Ｐ＜０．０１），而海马及血清中的锌浓度则高于Ⅰ组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。Ⅱ组动物脑中游离牛磺酸含量明显高于Ⅰ组（Ｐ＜０．０５），而逃避实验中的错误次数则明显少于Ⅰ组（Ｐ＜０．０５），但逃避时间显著多于Ⅰ组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示锌过高对动物的生长发育及行为功能有不利的影响。     

硒和维生素E缺乏对大鼠胰岛功能的影响

以低硒酵母（Ｔｏｒｕｌａｙｅａｓｔ）及低硒玉米淀粉为主要成分配成低硒、低ＶＥ及硒和ＶＥ联合缺乏饲料喂饲大鼠，引起血清胰岛素、Ｃ肽水平显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０１），胰岛内胰岛素与Ｃ肽分泌贮备明显减少（Ｐ＜０．０１），并伴有血及胰腺组织ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ活性显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＬＰＯ含量明显上升（Ｐ＜０．０５～０．０１），在饲料中补０．２ｍｇ／ｋｇ硒或５００ｍｇ／ｋｇＶＥ，可明显提高血清胰岛素、Ｃ肽水平（Ｐ＜０．０１），增加胰岛素与Ｃ肽分泌贮备（Ｐ＜０．０１），同时伴有血及胰腺ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ活性水平升高与ＬＰＯ含量降低（Ｐ＜０．０５～０．０１），提示硒和ＶＥ缺乏是胰岛损害的重要病因之一。     

牛磺酸对饲高脂饲料大鼠脂肪代谢及免疫作用的影响

给Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大白鼠饲喂高脂高胆固醇饲料，并添加不同剂量的牛磺酸，以研究牛磺酸的代谢效应，结果表明：试验中的自制高脂、高胆固醇饲料可以成功地诱导大鼠产生高胆固醇血症及动脉硬化。向大鼠日粮中添加１％牛磺酸可显著地降低血清中的甘油三脂、乳酸脱氢酶及磷酸肌酸酶的含量（Ｐ＜０．０１）。添加３％或５％的牛磺酸时，除能使血清中ＴＧ、ＬＤＨ、ＣＫ降低外，还使血清中高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、总胆固醇及动脉硬化指数显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０１）．且５％牛磺酸的添加效果优于３％；而白细胞计数及血清免疫球蛋白（ｌｇＧ）含量则显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０１），但两个添加剂量的作用效果无显著差异。     

析因设计在Cu和VE对CCl4所致肝损伤的联合保护作用中的应用

利用两因素多水平析因试验设计，按Ｃｕ（０，０．０５，０．１，０．２，０．４ｍｇ／ｋｇ）和ＶＥ（０，１５０ｍｇ／ｋｇ）将６０只大鼠随机分成１０组，按组合条件饲养，７天后腹腔注射ＣＣｌ４，从血清酶学和组织酶学方面，探讨微量元素Ｃｕ和ＶＥ对ＣＣｌ４所致肝损伤的保护作用。结果表明：对ＳＯＤ、ＧＰＴ、ＧＯＴ３项指标单独Ｃｕ组和单独ＶＥ组与ＣＣｌ４组比较均有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１），说明Ｃｕ和ＶＥ都对ＣＣｌ４所致肝损伤有保护作用。但对Ｃｕ来说，保护效果并不随剂量的增加而增强。同时，Ｃｕ和ＶＥ具有联合保护作用（Ｐ＜０．０１），当ＶＥ用量为１５０ｍｇ／ｋｇ时，Ｃｕ的用量为０．１ｍｇ／ｋｇ，取得最优保护效果     

麦胚复合制剂对大鼠血脂水平的影响

麦胚复合制剂是由小麦胚中提取有效成分，经精制后与红花等配伍而成。Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠随机分成４组（基础饲料组、高脂饲料组、麦胚复合制剂高脂饲料组、月见草油高脂饲料组）观察６周。实验结果表明，复合制剂可有效地控制高脂饲料引起的血清总胆固醇（ＴＣ）、甘油三酯（ＴＧ）水平的升高，与高脂饲料组有非常显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０１），同时提高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（ＨＤＬ－Ｃ）的水平（Ｐ＜０．０１），其ＴＣ／ＨＤＬ－Ｃ比值低于高脂饲料组。提示，麦胚复合制剂可有效改善血脂水平，预防心血管疾病。     

橄榄油和鱼油对大鼠血脂和脂质过氧化的影响

研究富含单不饱和脂肪酸的橄榄油和富含多不饱和脂肪酸的鱼油对高血脂大鼠血脂水平及脂质过氧化的影响。方法：选用健康雄性Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠共４０只,实验开始前按血清胆固醇和体重分为四组,正常对照组喂饲常备饲料,高脂对照组喂高脂饲料,橄榄油组和鱼油组除喂高脂饲料外,每日按每１００ｇ体重灌胃０．４ｍｌ相应的油脂,实验期为６周。高脂饲料含有５％猪油,１％胆固醇和０．２％的牛胆盐。每周称体重和记录进食量。实验末测定血清胆固醇（ＴＣ）、甘油三酯（ＴＧ）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（ＨＤＬ－Ｃ）、血清丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）、红细胞超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）活性。结果：１．橄榄油组和鱼油组大鼠的体重增长和进食量与高脂对照组相比无差异,但体重增长明显高于正常对照组。２．橄榄油组和鱼油组肝／体比值与高脂对照组比明显降低,而肾脏周围和睾丸周围的脂肪与体重的比值只有鱼油组与高脂对照组相比有明显的降低。３．橄榄油组与鱼油组ＴＣ和ＴＧ明显低于高脂对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）,并且鱼油较橄榄油效果好。（ＴＣ分别为９６３．０、６３１．９、１５３３．５ｍｇ／Ｌ;ＴＧ分别为８１７．６、６９８．３、１５８４．５ｍｇ／Ｌ）鱼油能显著提高ＨＤＬ－Ｃ的水平（Ｐ＜０．０５）,橄榄?     

锰对仔鼠血液,脑及睾丸组织中微量元素的影响

为研究大鼠孕期染锰后对其仔鼠血液、脑及睾丸组织中微量元素的影响,将妊娠雌性大鼠随机分为３组,腹腔注射氯化锰,剂量分别为０、７．５和１５ｍｇ／ｋｇ,测定出生２０天仔鼠的血液、脑及睾丸组织中锰、锌、铜的含量,结果与对照组比较,１５ｍｇ／ｋｇ染锰组脑及睾丸组织中锰含量明显增高（Ｐ〈０．０１,Ｐ〈０．０５）;血清锌含量两实验组均明显降低（Ｐ〈０．０１）,１５ｍｇ／ｋｇ染锰组脑及睾丸组织中锌含量均明显降低（Ｐ〈０．０１）;１５ｍｇ／ｋｇ染锰组脑组织中铜含量明显增高（Ｐ〈０．０５）。说明孕期染锰后通过胎盘和乳汗转运可影响仔鼠体内锰、锌、铜的代谢,从而对仔鼠神经、生殖系统等产生危害。     

饲料锌对大鼠血清、海马、皮层一氧化氮含量的影响

通过饲料锌不同含量的摄入，建立了低锌（ＺＤ），过量锌（ＺＥ），及正常锌（ＺＮ）大鼠模型，并检测了大鼠血清、皮层、海马一氧化氮（ＮＯ）含量，以探讨锌与ＮＯ的联系。结果表明ＺＤ、ＺＥ组体ｔ增长值、饲料效价明显低于ＺＮ组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。ＺＤ组血清、海马锌明显低于ＺＮ组，而ＺＥ组则明显高于ＺＮ组。ＮＯ检测显示ＺＤ组血清、海马ＮＯ明显高于ＺＮ组，皮层ＮＯ与ＺＮ组无显著性差异。ＺＥ组血清、皮层ＮＯ非常显著地低于ＺＮ组，海马ＮＯ比ＺＮ组明显增高，但低于ＺＤ组。     

Inadequate copper intake reduces serum insulin-like growth factor-I and bone strength in growing rats fed graded amounts of copper and zinc

This study examined the effects of graded intakes of zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) on serum insulin-like growth-factor-I (IGF-I) concentration and bone quality in growing rats. Using a 3 x 4 factorial design, weanling male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to 12 groups (n = 7 per group) and were fed one of nine modified AIN-93G basal diets with varying amounts of Cu (0.3, 3 and 10 micro g/g) and Zn (5, 15 and 45 micro g/g) for 6 wk. A group of rats was pair-fed to each low Zn group. Although dietary Zn mainly influenced body weights (P < 0.0001), dietary Cu was the main determinant of most of the variables related to bone quality. Low Cu intake reduced serum IGF-I and femur breaking force and ultimate stress (by 27, 14 and 7%, respectively; P < 0.05) and increased bone IGF-I concentration (by 62%; P < 0.0001). Low Cu intake also increased femur nitrogen, hydroxyproline, hexosamine and calcium (Ca) concentrations of long bones (P < 0.05). Lumbar vertebrae dry weight and density were the lowest in the rats fed the low Cu diets (P < 0.001) and were higher in the rats fed high amounts of both Cu and Zn (P < 0.01). In summary, growing rats fed low and marginal Cu had lower serum IGF-I than those fed high dietary Cu. Bone strength was also reduced with low dietary Cu, despite compensatory changes in the bone matrix. In the presence of graded intakes of Cu, the effects of low dietary Zn were more pronounced on the spinal bones than the long bones.     

Zinc-induced metallothionein and copper metabolism in intestinal mucosa, liver, and kidney of rats

Large doses of parenteral zinc (Zn) and/or the feeding of high Zn diets to animals or humans for long periods affects copper (Cu) metabolism. Previous work suggests that Zn-induced metallothionein (MT) in intestinal epithelial cells binds Cu and inhibits its absorption. This study was designed to determine the effects of treating rats with high dietary or parenteral Zn on Cu metabolism and its relationship to MT in the intestinal epithelium, liver and kidney. Six-week-old male rats were fed for one week a control diet containing 42 mg Zn and 6 mg Cu/kg. They were then divided into three groups. One group continued to receive the control diet while another received a similar diet containing 560 mg Zn/kg. A third group, fed the control diet, received a subcutaneous dose of 90 mg Zn/kg body weight every 2–3 days for the duration of the experiment. Rats from each group were killed on days 7 and 14. Low Cu status in Zn-treated rats was indicated by lower than normal serum Cu concentration, serum ceruloplasmin activity, low liver and kidney Cu concentrations and low cytochrome C oxidase activity. None of these changes, however, were related to an increase in Cu as a result of Zn-induced MT in the intestinal epithelial cell. Instead, as the MT concentrations rose, Cu concentration decreased. This study suggests that the effects of high Zn treatment on Cu status are not the result of the long-held theory that Zn-induced intestinal MT sequesters Cu and prevents its passage to the circulation. Instead, it may be caused by a direct effect of high lumenal Zn concentrations on Cu transport into the epithelial cell.     

Effect of zinc on biochemical parameters and changes in related gene expression assessed by cDNA microarrays in pituitary of growing rats

OBJECTIVE: The present study simultaneously investigated the effects of different zinc (Zn) levels on the growth performance and relative biochemical parameters in growing rats and analyzed the molecular mechanism of zinc influencing food intake. METHODS: Three diets with different Zn levels--Zn adequate (ZA; 35.94 mg/kg, control), Zn deficient (ZD; 3.15 mg/kg), and Zn overdose (ZO; 347.50 mg/kg)--were fed to rats for 6 wk. Dietary Zn was supplemented with ZnSO4. The relation between zinc and food intake was studied by pituitary cDNA microarrays. RESULTS: Compared with ZA group, rats fed the ZD diet showed decreases in body weight (P < 0.01), food intake (P < 0.05), tissue zinc concentrations (P < 0.01), and specific activities of alkaline phosphatase (P < 0.01) and copper/Zn superoxide dismutase (P < 0.05), whereas the ZO diet had positive effects on body weight (P < 0.05), zinc concentrations (P < 0.01), and alkaline phosphatase activity (P < 0.05). The villi of the jejunum became shorter (P < 0.01), shriveled, and flattened. This change in morphology decreased absorption surface area, and there was a substantial decrease (P < 0.01) in villi number per unit area in ZD rats. Metallothionein concentration was increased in livers of rats fed ZD (P < 0.01) and ZO (P < 0.05) diets. Moreover, ZD and ZO influenced normal growth and development of organs. The results from pituitary cDNA arrays indicated that different Zn levels affect gene expression of appetite-related peptides, including neuropeptide-Y, melanin-concentrating hormone, ghrelin, calcitonin gene-related product, and serotonin. CONCLUSION: The present results showed that zinc deficiency has a negative effect on the growth performance and biochemical parameters of rats. The ZO diet increased body weight (P < 0.05) but had no effect (P > 0.05) on food intake, copper/Zn superoxide dismutase activity, and intestinal morphology. The ZD diet decreased rat food intake by regulating appetite-related gene expression in the pituitary gland.     

High dietary iron concentrations enhance the formation of cholesterol oxidation products in the liver of adult rats fed salmon oil with minimal effects on antioxidant status

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of high dietary iron concentrations on the antioxidant status of rats fed two different types of fat. Four groups of male adult Sprague-Dawley rats were fed diets with adequate (50 mg iron supplemented per kg diet) or high (500 mg iron supplemented per kg diet) iron concentrations with either lard or salmon oil as dietary fat at 100 g/kg for 12 wk. The antioxidant status of the rats was profoundly influenced by the type of fat. Rats fed salmon oil diets had higher concentrations of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) (P < 0.001), various cholesterol oxidation products (COP) (P < 0.001), total and oxidized glutathione (P < 0.05) and a lower concentration of alpha-tocopherol (P < 0.05) in liver and plasma than rats fed lard diets. The iron concentration of the diet did not influence the concentrations of TBARS, the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase or the concentration of alpha-tocopherol in plasma or liver. The activity of catalase (P < 0.01) and the concentrations of total, oxidized and reduced glutathione (P < 0.05) in liver were slightly but significantly higher in rats fed high iron diets than in rats fed adequate iron diets, irrespective of the dietary fat. Rats fed the high iron diets with salmon oil, moreover, had higher concentrations of various COP in the liver (P < 0.001) than rats fed adequate iron diets with salmon oil. These results suggest that feeding a high iron diet does not generally affect the antioxidant status of rats but enhances the formation of COP, particularly if the diet is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids.     

Profile of short-chain fatty acids and rectal proliferation in rats fed sucrose or cornstarch diets.

Rats were fed high fat (231 g/kg diet), low calcium (1.3 g/kg diet), low cellulose (20 g/kg diet) diets in which carbohydrates were represented by sucrose or starch (460 g/kg diet). A subgroup of animals was treated with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) twice, 4 and 8 d before the beginning of the dietary treatments. Animals fed the starch diet, compared with those fed the sucrose diet, had higher concentrations of cecal and fecal short-chain fatty acids and a significantly lower acetic acid:butyric acid ratio in the cecal contents at d 105. Ratios were 14.7 +/- 1.7 and 6.8 +/- 0.4 for rats fed the sucrose and starch diets, respectively (P less than 0.01). Cecal pH was significantly lower in animals fed the starch diet for 105 d. At d 105, rectal proliferation was lower in rats fed the starch diet (labeled cells/crypt were 7.89 +/- 0.56 and 3.57 +/- 0.40 for rats fed the sucrose and starch diets, respectively, P less than 0.01); at d 30 the effect of starch on proliferation was evident in controls but not in DMH-treated rats. Rectal proliferation data were negatively correlated with the concentration and percentage of butyric acid and positively correlated with the percentage of acetic acid, the acetic acid:butyric acid ratio and cecal pH. These results suggest that low rectal proliferation in animals fed a high fat, high starch diet might be associated with a lower relative concentration of butyric acid in the cecal contents.     

Dietary cellulose, zinc and copper: effects on tissue levels of trace minerals in the rat.

This study was designed to examine the effect of graded levels of cellulose, zinc and copper on tissue mineral levels. Tissue mineral levels were assayed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry in samples collected from a study which involved 12 treatments in a 3 X 2 X 2 factorial arrangement. This study involved three levels of cellulose (0, 8, and 16% of the diet), two levels of Cu (deficient and adequate; 2 and 18 mg/kg of diet, respectively), and two levels of Zn (marginal and abundant; 10 and 120 mg/kg of diet, respectively). Six weanling, male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to each treatment and after 9 weeks they were killed. Reductions of tissue Cu content were observed in the serum, liver, tibia and testis of the rats fed the Cu-deficient diets. The Fe content of the tibia and testis was reduced, but that of liver was elevated in the rats fed Cu-deficient diets. Reductions in tibial Zn levels were observed in the rats fed marginal-Zn as compared to those fed the abundant-Zn diets; and in the rats fed Cu-adequate as compared to those fed Cu-deficient diets. Increases in cellulose resulted in increased liver and testicular Cu content only in rats fed the Cu-deficient diets. Additions of cellulose appeared to have no adverse effect on the distribution of Zn, Cu and Fe in tissues which are sensitive to dietary deficiencies. With the exception of rats fed the copper-deficient, marginal zinc diets, the rats fed the other diets demonstrated a small reduction in serum zinc values as cellulose was increased.     

姜黄素对大鼠调节血脂及抗氧化作用的研究

为研究姜黄素的降脂作用抗氧化作用,将高脂血症模型大鼠根据血总胆固醇水平随机分为４组：基础饲料对照组喂基础饲料＋姜黄素组喂加入姜黄素５ｇ／ｋｇ的基础饲料;高脂饲料对照组喂高脂饲料;高脂饲料＋姜黄素组喂加入姜黄素ｇ／ｋｇ的高脂饲料。再喂养４周,测定血脂及抗氧化指标。结果显示姜黄素能降低高脂模型大鼠血中总胆固醇、甘油三酯水平,提高载脂蛋白Ａ水平,并降低血及肝中过氧化脂质,直匀浆总抗氧化能力和ＳＯＤ活性、     

Effects of dietary fats (fish, olive and high-oleic-acid sunflower oils) on lipid composition and antioxidant enzymes in rat liver

The effects of two oleic-acid-rich diets (containing olive oil, OO, and high-oleic-acid sunflower oil, HOSO) on plasma and liver lipid composition detoxification enzyme activities, were compared with those of a fish-oil (FO) diet and a control diet. Compared with the control diet, plasma and hepatic total triacylglycerol concentrations were increased in the animals fed on the HOSO and OO diets and decreased in those fed on the FO diet. The animals fed on FO showed the highest level of cholesterol in the liver and had lower plasma cholesterol concentrations when compared with those fed on the two oleic-acid-rich diets. In comparison with the animals fed on the diets enriched in oleic acid, the FO group showed higher hepatic levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids of the n-3 series and lower levels of fatty acids of the n-6 series. Livers of FO-fed rats, compared with those of OO- and HOSO-fed rats showed: (1) significantly higher activities of catalase (EC 1.11.1.6) glutathione peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.9) and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1); (2) no differences in the NADPH-cytochrome c reductase (EC 1.6.99.3) activity. The HOSO diet had a similar effect on liver antioxidant enzyme activities as the OO diet. In conclusion, it appears that changes in the liver fatty acid composition due mainly to n-3 lipids may enhance the efficiency of the antioxidant defence system. The two monounsaturated fatty acids oils studied (OO and HOSO), with the same high content of oleic acid but different contents of natural antioxidants, had similar effects on the antioxidant enzyme activities measured.     

锌对热暴露大鼠血浆与肝、肾上腺中锌、铜、铁含量的影响

目的：　测定热暴露大鼠血浆、肝、肾上腺 Ｚｎ 、 Ｃｕ 、 Ｆｅ 含量以探讨锌对热暴露动物某些微量元素的影响。方法：　４８ 只７ ～８ 周龄雄性 Ｓ Ｄ 大鼠随机等分为高锌（ Ｈ Ｚ） 、中锌（ Ｍ Ｚ） 和低锌（ Ｌ Ｚ） 三组。每组大鼠再等分为两部分,一部分用于高温暴露,另一部分用于室温对照。每公斤高、中、低锌饲料锌含量测定值（ ｍ ｇ） 分别为９２ ．２ 、４５ ．６ 、２１ ．７ 。三组大鼠在室温下预饲相应饲料１４ｄ 后,将高温暴露大鼠转入高温室（ Ｔｄ Ｂ４０ ．５ ℃, Ｔｗ ｂ３０ ．８ ℃） 连续暴露３ｈ 后,即刻断头取样。用 Ａ Ａ Ｓ 火焰法测定样品中 Ｚｎ 、 Ｃｕ 、 Ｆｅ 含量。结果：　（１） 与室温对照值比,热暴露３ｈ 后,血浆 Ｚｎ 、 Ｆｅ 浓度下降, Ｃｕ 浓度升高,肝 Ｚｎ 和肾上腺 Ｃｕ 含量增加;（２） 在室温对照值之间, Ｈ Ｚ 组血浆锌浓度显著高于 Ｌ Ｚ 组;（３） 在热暴露值之间, Ｈ Ｚ 组肾上腺 Ｃｕ 含量显著或非常显著地高于 Ｍ Ｚ 组与 Ｌ Ｚ 组。结论：　（１） 补锌主要影响热应激大鼠体内微量元素 Ｚｎ与 Ｃｕ 的代谢或分布,而对 Ｆｅ 的影响较小;（２） 高锌（９２ ．２ ｍ ｇ／ｋｇ 饲料） 摄入可使热应激大鼠血浆 Ｚｎ 浓度升高、肾上腺     

Copper deficiency induces the upregulation of the copper chaperone for Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase in weanling male rats

The most commonly used indices for determining copper deficiency in humans are reduced serum/plasma copper concentration and decreased activity of ceruloplasmin and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1). However, these indicators are influenced by many factors unrelated to copper status and lack the sensitivity required to detect marginal deficiency, limiting their usefulness in many situations. In vivo, the insertion of copper into SOD1 is dependent on the copper chaperone for SOD1 (CCS). In this study, we explored the possibility that the expression level of CCS may reflect copper status and thus serve as a useful marker of copper nutriture. Weanling male Wistar rats were fed either a normal (5.3 mg Cu/kg diet), moderately deficient (0.84 mg Cu/kg diet) or deficient (0.34 mg Cu/kg diet) copper diet for 6 wk. Rats fed moderate and deficient diets showed differences (P < 0.05) in several hematological measurements, indicating varying degrees of copper deficiency in these groups. Copper-deficient rats had reduced (P < 0.05) liver and erythrocyte SOD1 activity and body weight. Western blot analysis revealed a dose-dependent increase (P < 0.05) in CCS expression in liver and erythrocytes of copper-deficient rats. We report CCS protein level as a novel marker for assessing copper status.