活动期类风湿关节炎患者外周血CD3+T淋巴细胞、NK细胞与IL-6水平的相关研究

目的探讨外周血T淋巴细胞、NK细胞分群在类风湿关节炎(RA)中的意义及与IL-6水平的相关情况。方法流式细胞仪法检测外周血淋巴细胞,记录20例RA患者和15例正常人的类风湿因子、血沉、抗核抗体(ANA)及免疫球蛋白、补体C3水平,ELISA法检测血清IL-6水平,并记录RA患者临床资料。结果活动期RA患者外周血CD3+T细胞计数与对照组分别为(68.8±7.8)、(62.3±4.2),活动期RA患者外周血CD3+T细胞计数轻度增高,但无统计学差异;RA患者外周血NK细胞(CD3-CD56+NK)计数与对照组分别为(9.8±1.8)、(12.3±2.0),RA患者明显低于对照组,P0.05;活动期RA患者IL-6水平高于对照组,分别为(13.8±4.4)ng/L、(4.8+3.0)ng/L,有统计学意义。结论IL-6水平增高、CD3+T细胞和NK细胞表达失衡,其各自免疫调节作用在RA中可能体现不同的效应作用,RA的发病机制中三者间可能具有相互调节的免疫机制。     

系统性红斑狼疮患者外周血T细胞Rho激酶活性检测及其意义

目的 研究系统性红斑狼疮(SEE)患者外周血T细胞中Rho激酶(ROK)活化情况,并进一步探讨其临床意义.方法 收集SLE患者30例,健康人12名和类风湿关节炎(RA)患者8例作为对照组.外周血T细胞分离采用Rosettsep T细胞提取试剂盒提取,ROK活性用磷酸化MYPT1蛋白表达来表示,磷酸化MYPT1蛋白检测采用免疫印迹法,T细胞增殖采用四甲基偶氮唑蓝比色(MTT)法,细胞因子水平采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测.结果 新鲜分离的SLE患者外周血T细胞ROK活性均显著高于健康对照组和RA组;SLE患者T淋巴细胞在体外培养24 h后ROK活性与健康对照组差异无统计学意义;ROK特异性抑制剂Y27632显著抑制SLE患者T淋巴细胞增殖以及分泌自细胞介素(IL)-6,但对IL-10分泌无显著影响.中、重度病情活动的SLE患者外周血T淋巴细胞ROK活性显著高于轻度活动者(P均＜0.05).SLE患者关节炎、神经精神症状和蛋白尿表现阳性组T淋巴细胞ROK活性显著高于上述临床表现阴性组.结论 SLE患者T淋巴细胞存在ROK信号活化异常,并且可能与T淋巴细胞活化、狼疮? 疾病活动性和某些脏器损害有关.     

2型糖尿病患者外周血CD14+CD16+单核细胞水平及巨噬细胞STAT3蛋白表达的研究

目的 研究T2DM患者外周血CD14+ CD16+单核细胞数和血清IL-6、TGF-β的水平,及患者血清和IL-6孵育的THP-1单核细胞源性巨噬细胞STAT3、p-STAT3的蛋白表达,以了解炎症性免疫反应在T2DM大血管病变中的可能作用. 方法 对42例T2DM(T2DM组)患者和35名健康体检者(NC组)采用外周血流式细胞术检测外周血单核细胞CD14+ CD16+的表达,并分离其外周血血清.采用ELISA检测血清中细胞因子IL-6及TGF-β的浓度,免疫比浊法检测血清中高敏C反应蛋白(hsC-RP)水平,血清和IL-6孵育THP-1单核细胞源性巨噬细胞,采用Western blot检测其STAT3和p-STAT3的蛋白表达. 结果 T2DM组外周血CD14+ CD16+单核细胞数高于NC组(P＜0.01),且与血清hsC-RP和IL-6水平呈正相关(r=0.462、0.495,P＜0.01),与TGF-β水平无相关性(P＞0.05).T2DM组24 hUAlb水平、大血管病变发病率及THP-1单核细胞源性巨噬细胞p-STAT3的蛋白表达均高于NC组(P＜0.01). 结论 T2DM患者体内可能存在单核/巨噬细胞功能异常,其可能参与了T2DM患者体内免疫炎症反应,从而导致了T2DM及其血管病变的发生发展,作用机制可能与STAT3信号通路的激活有关.     

沙利度胺对类风湿关节炎T淋巴细胞的免疫调节作用

目的 探讨沙利度胺(Thd)对类风湿关节炎(RA)患者外周血T淋巴细胞的免疫调节作用.方法 在植物血凝素(PHA)刺激下,RA患者外周血T淋巴细胞与不同浓度的Thd(2.5、25、100、300、500μg/ml)共同培养.用四甲基噻唑蓝(MTT)比色法检测T淋巴细胞的增殖,用流式细胞术检测T淋巴细胞的凋亡和T淋巴细胞CD152、CD28的表达情况,用Real-time聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测T淋巴细胞的自细胞介素(IL)-6、IL-10、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α mRNA表达水平.结果 在体外,与阴性对照组相比,500μg/ml,Thd组显著抑制T淋巴细胞的增殖,促进T淋巴细胞早期凋亡,抑制T淋巴细胞CD3+CD28+表达,促进CD8+CD152+表达,而≤300μg/ml,对T淋巴细胞未见明显影响.与对照组相比,(100～500)μg/ml剂量组可抑制T淋巴细胞IL-6、TNF-α mRNA表达,(2.5～500)μg/ml可促进IL-10 mRNA的表达.结论 Thd可能通过影响RA患者外周血T淋巴细胞增殖、早期凋亡、CD3*CD28+和CD8+CD152+表达,以及IL-6、IL-10、TNF-α mRNA表达,反转RA患者的免疫平衡失控.     

IL-6/STAT3通路对THP-1单核细胞环氧化酶2表达的影响

目的探讨人THP-1单核细胞中白细胞介素6(IL-6)/信号转导与转录激活子3(STAT3)通路与环氧化酶2(COX-2)表达之间的关系。方法以人THP-1单核细胞株作为研究对象,分别设置0至48 h不同时间点,检测IL-6对STAT3磷酸化和COX-2表达的时效性影响。用100μmol/L S3I-201(STAT3通路选择性抑制剂)对THP-1单核细胞预处理24 h,再经10μg/L IL-6作用相应时间,将THP-1单核细胞分为4组:对照组、S3I-201组、IL-6组及IL-6+S3I-201组,检测STAT3磷酸化及COX-2表达水平变化。采用实时荧光定量PCR方法检测THP-1单核细胞COX-2的mRNA表达量,Western blot方法检测THP-1单核细胞STAT3磷酸化水平与COX-2的蛋白表达量。结果THP-1单核细胞经IL-6作用后STAT3的磷酸化及COX-2的表达均出现时效性激活,IL-6刺激5 min后STAT3磷酸化水平即显著增加(P0.001),同时COX-2 mRNA和蛋白水平均明显上调,分别于1 h和2 h达到峰值(P0.001)。与对照组相比,S3I-201组COX-2 mRNA及蛋白表达水平均降低(P0.01);与IL-6组相比,IL-6+S3I-201组STAT3磷酸化水平下降(P0.001),COX-2 mRNA表达水平降低(P0.001),同时COX-2蛋白表达受到明显抑制(P0.05)。结论 IL-6能够激活THP-1单核细胞STAT3通路,其可能通过催化下游COX-2的表达影响动脉粥样硬化性疾病进程。     

γ链细胞因子对慢性乙型肝炎患者T淋巴细胞免疫球蛋白黏蛋白分子3表达调控的诱导机制

目的探讨γ链(γC)细胞因子对慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)患者CD8~+T淋巴细胞中T淋巴细胞免疫球蛋白黏蛋白分子3coll密度梯度离心法分离外周血单个核细胞,分别使用IL-7、IL-15和IL-21刺激培养,同时向培养液中加入抗γC和/或抗IL-7Rα、抗IL-2Rβ、抗IL-21R。培养96 h后,流式细胞术检测CD8~+T淋巴细胞中TIM-3表达水平以及IL-2、IL-10、IFNγ和相关磷酸化信号传导及转录激活蛋白(STAT)磷酸化水平。计量资料多组间比较采用单因素方差分析,进一步两两比较采用LSD-t检均0.05),IL-2、IL-10、IFNγ水平以及STAT-5、pSTAT-1水平亦较无刺激组升高(P值均0.05)。抗IL-7Rα+抗γC联合刺激后可降低IL-7刺激组TIM-3、IL-2和IL-10表达升高(t值分别为5.537、6.224和4.500,P值均0.05)。抗IL-2Rβ单独刺激、抗IL-2Rβ+抗γC刺激均可降低IL-15刺激组的TIM-3、IL-2、pSTAT-1水平(P值均0.05)。结论 IL-7和IL-15可能主要通过γC受体介导的STAT-细胞因子信号通路上调CHB患者CD8~+T淋巴细胞中TIM-3表达。     

异基因骨髓间充质干细胞对类风湿关节炎患者淋巴细胞的影响

目的 探讨在体外环境中,异基因骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)对类风湿关节炎(RA)患者T、B淋巴细胞的增殖和功能成熟的影响.方法 采集健康供者的骨髓标本,经密度梯度离心分离、纯化获得其BMSCs,进行体外培养扩增.同时采集RA患者的外周血,分离单个核细胞.将来源于健康供者的BMSCs与来源于RA患者的单个核细胞在体外进行共培养,同时分别加入T淋巴细胞和B淋巴细胞刺激物.分别检测异基因BMSCs对RA患者T、B淋巴细胞增殖的影响;正常BMSCs对RA患者T淋巴细胞增殖周期和凋亡的影响;BMSCs对RA患者外周血T淋巴细胞CD3、CD4、CD8、CD25表达的影响;以及BMSCs对B细胞分泌IgG的影响.结果 正常骨髓来源的BMSCs对RA患者T、B淋巴细胞增殖均有抑制作用,并且这种抑制作用与BMSCs的剂量呈依赖性;与BMSCs共培养组的T细胞主要处于G0/G1期,而进入细胞增殖周期的细胞比例减少,同叶与BMSCs共培养组的凋亡比例(15.2±0.6)%明显低于单纯T细胞活化组(28.2±1.8)%;与BMSCs共培养后CD3+CD4+T细胞表达阳性率(34±6)较对照组(44±7)降低(P<0.05),CD25+的表达下降,但CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞数(4.9±2.3)增加(P<0.05).在SAC刺激下,健康人BMSCs与RA患者外周血淋巴细胞共培养后IgG分泌升高.结论 异基因BMSCs对RA患者T、B淋巴细胞的增殖和功能成熟均有影响,BMSCs可能在RA发病和病情进展中起一定的作用,同时证明利用MSCs来调节RA的免疫功能紊乱进行生物治疗是可行的.     

IL-27调控JAK/STAT通路在博来霉素诱导肺纤维化中的作用

目的探讨白细胞介素(IL)-27是否通过酪氨酸激酶(JAK)/信号转导与转录激活子(STAT)信号通路抑制肺纤维化。方法将40只雄性C57/BL6小鼠随机分为空白对照组(A组)、博来霉素(BLM)组(B组)、BLM+IL-27组(C组)和BLM+IL-27抗体组(D组),每组10只。于造模后第7、28天每组各处死5只小鼠,取右肺组织用Western印迹方法检测JAK2、STAT1、STAT3、STAT5及SOCS3蛋白的表达。结果 BLM诱导肺纤维化模型中,7、28 d肺组织均有p-JAK2、p-STAT1、p-STAT3、p-STAT5表达量升高,IL-27治疗后降低SOCS3的表达;D组p-JAK2、p-STAT1、p-STAT3、p-STAT5表达量在造模后7、28 d均最高,C组在造模后7 d表达量少于B组。结论外源性IL-27可能通过抑制JAK/STAT通路相关蛋白的磷酸化减轻肺纤维化。     

IL-6对人胰腺癌细胞生长及STAT3信号转导通路的影响

目的 探讨IL-6对人胰腺癌细胞株Capan-2生长及STAT3信号转导途径的影响.方法 采用MTT法检测不同浓度IL-6刺激后Capan-2细胞的增殖率;免疫细胞化学染色确定磷酸化STAT3(P-STAT3)在Capan-2细胞内的定位及IL-6刺激前后表达量的变化;流式细胞仪检测细胞的凋亡;Western blot检测IL-6刺激前后Capan-2细胞中P-STAT3、bcl-xl、Cyclin D1蛋白表达量的变化.结果 100 ng/ml的IL-6作用Capan-2细胞后,细胞的增殖从1增加到4.965±0.18(P<0.05);细胞凋亡率从(3.21±0.23)%下降到(1.98±0.67)%(P<0.05);P-STAT3、bel-xl、Cyclin D1蛋白表达明显升高(P<0.05),且bcl-xl的表达与P-STAT3的表达呈正相关(r=0.985,P=0.015);Cyclin D1的表达与P-STAT3表达也呈正相关(r=0.914,P=0.036).结论 JAK/STAT信号转导途径的活化介导了IL-6对Capan-2细胞的增殖促进功能.     

成纤维滑膜细胞p53基因表达对类风湿关节炎患者CD4+T淋巴细胞的调节

目的 研究人成纤维滑膜细胞(FLS)p53基因表达对类风湿关节炎(RA)患者CD4+T淋巴细胞的调节作用.方法 采用小分子干扰RNA(siRNA)转染抑制FKS内p53基因表达,并与RA患者外周血CD4+T淋巴细胞共同培养.检测转染后FLS中骨保护素(OPG)表达及白细胞介素(IL)-6分泌.并对与之共培养的CD4+细胞膜胞质内蛋白干扰素(IFN)-γ、IL-17、IL-4和CD25以及IFN-γ孤儿核受体γt(RORγt)、IL-17、Foxp3 RNA水平进行测定.结果 p53基因被抑制后,FLS分泌IL-6减少,但OPG表达未受影响.p53基因被抑制的FLS使共培养的CD4+T淋巴细胞内IL-17及IFN-γ蛋白和RNA表达上调,但对CD4+T淋巴细胞RORγt RNA影响不大.虽可上调Foxp3表达,但CD4+CD25high细胞阳性率并无明显变化.结论 FKS内D53表达对RA外周血Th1、Th17有调节作用.     

The effect of taurine chloramine on pro-inflammatory cytokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis patients

OBJECTIVE: Pro-inflammatory cytokines play a critical role in the pathogenesis of RA. A natural oxidant, TauCl exerts anti-inflammatory activities. Here, the effects of Tau and TauCl on key pro-inflammatory cytokines--IL-1beta, IL-6 and TNF-alpha production by LPS-triggered peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from RA and OA patients and healthy blood donors--were examined. METHODS: PBMCs were stimulated with LPS (24 h) in the presence of Tau or TauCl (200-400 microM). Cytokine production was measured in culture supernatants (secreted) and cells lysates (cell-associated) using specific ELISAs. RESULTS: Production of the secretedforms of IL-1beta and IL-6 was inhibited by TauCl with IC50 approximately equal to 250 microM and 300-400 microM respectively, in all investigated groups. In all cultures of PBMCs TauCl raised the TNF-alpha production at the low concentration (200 mM), while at the higher concentration (400 microM) either reduced it (55% of RA, 70% of OA patients and 55% of healthy donors) or exerted no effect (remainder of patients). Interestingly, Tau did not significantly affect any cytokine production. CONCLUSION: TauCl at high concentrations down-regulates pro-inflammatory cytokine production. However, the impact of TauCl on TNF-alpha production by PBMCs from RA is more limited than in cells isolated from OA patients.     

Activation of Jak/STAT proteins involved in signal transduction pathway mediated by receptor for interleukin 2 in malignant T lymphocytes derived from cutaneous anaplastic large T-cell lymphoma and Sezary syndrome.

Signaling through the interleukin 2 receptor (IL-2R) involves phosphorylation of several proteins including Jak3, STAT5, and, in preactivated cells, STAT3. In the present study, we examined the functional status of the IL-2R-associated Jak/STAT pathway in malignant T lymphocytes from advanced skin-based lymphomas: anaplastic large T-cell lymphoma (ALCL) and Sezary syndrome (SzS). Proliferation of three ALCL cell lines (PB-1, 2A, and 2B) was partially inhibited by rapamycin, a blocker of some of the signals mediated by IL-2R, but not by cyclosporin A, FK-506, and prednisone, which suppress signals mediated by the T-cell receptor. All the cell lines expressed on their surface the high-affinity IL-2R (alpha, beta, and gamma c chains). They showed basal, constitutive phosphorylation, and coassociation of Jak3, STAT5, and STAT3. Weak basal phosphorylation of IL-2R gamma c was also detected. In regard to SzS, peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 10 of 14 patients showed basal phosphorylation of Jak3, accompanied by phosphorylation of STAT5 in 9 patients, and STAT3 in 4 patients. However, in vitro overnight culture of SzS cells without exogenous cytokines resulted in markedly decreased Jak3 and STAT5 phosphorylation, which could be reversed by stimulation with IL-2. This indicates that the basal phosphorylation of Jak3 and STAT5 in freshly isolated SzS cells is induced rather than constitutive. The basal activation of the Jak/STAT pathway involved in IL-2R signal transduction in ALCL and SzS cells reported here suggests that this pathway may play a role in the pathogenesis of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas, although the mechanism (induced versus constitutive) may vary between different lymphoma types.     

TEL/PDGFbetaR fusion protein activates STAT1 and STAT5: a common mechanism for transformation by tyrosine kinase fusion proteins

OBJECTIVE: TEL/PDGFbetaR is a tyrosine kinase fusion protein associated with the pathogenesis of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. The following experiments were undertaken to understand the mechanisms whereby TEL/PDGFbetaR transforms cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Activation of JAK and STAT proteins was studied in an interleukin 3 (IL-3)-dependent cell line, Ba/F3, transformed to IL-3 independence by TEL/PDGFbetaR. RESULTS: TEL/PDGFbetaR activates STAT1 and STAT5 in transformed Ba/F3 cells through a JAK-independent pathway. Activation of STAT proteins requires the kinase activity of TEL/PDGFbetaR. JAK1, JAK2, JAK3, and TYK2 are not phosphorylated by TEL/PDGFbetaR. However, TEL/PDGFbetaR can phosphorylate STAT5 in transiently transfected COS cells, suggesting that TEL/PDGFbetaR may itself be the kinase involved in tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT proteins. In contrast, native PDGFbetaR stimulated by PDGF ligand does not activate STAT proteins to a significant degree in this hematopoietic context. STAT1 and STAT5 also are activated by TEL/ABL and TEL/JAK2 fusion proteins associated with human leukemia. CONCLUSIONS: STAT activation may be a common mechanism of transformation by leukemogenic tyrosine kinase fusion proteins.     

Methotrexate attenuates the Th17/IL-17 levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy individuals and RA patients

To investigate whether the inhibition of Th17/interleukin (IL)-17 contributes to the beneficial effects of methotrexate (MTX) in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy donors and RA patients were collected. The cells were stimulated with monoclonal antibodies to CD3 and CD28 in the absence or presence of MTX. After coincubation, IL-17 production was detected at both the mRNA and protein levels, and the percentage of cells positive for both CD4 and IL-17 in PBMCs was analyzed by flow cytometry. PBMCs of healthy donors and RA patients were stimulated with CD3 and CD28 monoclonal antibodies to produce high levels of IL-17. The augmentation of IL-17 at the mRNA and protein levels was significantly inhibited when PBMC cultures were preincubated with MTX. Compared with PBMCs of healthy donors, PBMCs of RA patients produced higher levels of IL-17, and this increase in IL-17 levels was more inhibited by MTX pretreatment. MTX inhibited IL-17 at the mRNA level in a dose-dependent manner, but not at the protein level, in both PBMCs of healthy donors and RA patients. MTX did not affect the percentage of CD4- and IL-17-positive cells in PBMCs. MTX dose dependently suppressed the production of IL-17 at the mRNA level by PBMCs from healthy donors and RA patients. Suppression of IL-17 by MTX may contribute to its potent anti-inflammatory role in RA therapy.