新型水基钻井液用页岩抑制剂LSM-2的合成及性能评价

采用水溶液聚合法,以小分子胺(HA-2)、丙烯基单体(HA-3)、环氧丙烷(PO)、二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(DMDAAC)和2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)为原料,合成了一种新型两性离子聚合物页岩抑制剂LSM-2,考察了该抑制剂对页岩滚动回收率、膨润土膨胀率、基浆粒度分布、泥页岩压入硬度及现场钻井液性能的影响。结果表明:合成的抑制剂LSM-2具有较好的抑制性能,当质量分数为2.0%时,泥页岩钻屑的滚动回收率能够达到90%以上,膨润土的16 h线性膨胀率降至10.9%,基浆颗粒比表面积比未加LSM-2时降低了87.5%,压入硬度保留率可以达到75%以上;LSM-2与现场钻井液体系的处理剂具有良好的配伍性,随着LSM-2质量分数的增加,体系流变性和滤失量变化较小,钻屑滚动回收率显著增大,能够较好地抑制钻屑的水化分散作用,提高了目标区块泥页岩储层段水基钻井液体系的抑制性。     

两性离子页岩抑制剂NMHC的合成与评价

以丙烯酰胺(AM)、二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(DMDAAC)和对苯乙烯磺酸钠(SSS)合成了一种两性离子页岩抑制剂NMHC,对反应条件进行了优化并对其性能进行了测试评价。结果表明,最佳反应条件为:摩尔量比AM∶DMDAAC∶SSS=7∶2∶1,p H=6,反应温度45℃,引发剂用量为单体总量0.8%。NMHC能够大幅度提高岩屑回收率、降低粘土膨胀率,具有较强的抑制能力,同时具有较强的抗温和抗盐能力。     

两性离子页岩抑制剂NMHC的合成与评价

以丙烯酰胺(AM)、二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(DMDAAC)和对苯乙烯磺酸钠(SSS)合成了一种两性离子页岩抑制剂NMHC,对反应条件进行了优化并对其性能进行了测试评价。结果表明,最佳反应条件为:摩尔量比AM∶DMDAAC∶SSS=7∶2∶1,p H=6,反应温度45℃,引发剂用量为单体总量0.8%。NMHC能够大幅度提高岩屑回收率、降低粘土膨胀率,具有较强的抑制能力,同时具有较强的抗温和抗盐能力。     

双子表面活性剂型页岩抑制剂的合成及性能

以二乙醇胺、溴代十二烷和二溴乙烷为原料,采用“两步法”合成了一种新型双子表面活性剂型小阳离子页岩抑制剂：N1,N2-双十二烷基-N1,N1,N2,N2-四-(2-羟乙基)-二溴乙二铵 (Gemini-DHEDB）,分别采用线性膨胀、页岩滚动回收和沉降稳定性试验对其抑制性进行了研究,结果表明：质量浓度2% g/L的 Gemini-DHEDB溶液中钠基膨润土（Na-MMT）16h后的线性膨胀高度和页岩滚动回收率分别为4.27mm和52%,优于同等浓度下二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵、四丁基溴化铵溶液溶液和三甲基2-羟乙基溴化铵中的10.62mm (31%)、9.41mm (36%)和7.74mm (41%)。沉降稳定试验中,淡水基浆沉淀完成时间大概是14h,最终沉淀厚度大约为38mm;添加有Gemini-DHEDB的基浆沉降时间明显缩短为1.2h左右,最终的沉降高度的大约为45mm。采用FIIR、晶层间距测定（XRD）和扫描电镜（SEM）对Na-MMT/抑制剂复合材料微观结构进行了表征,结果表明：Gemini-DHEDB可与Na-MMT发生插层吸附并有效改变Na-MMT微观形貌。     

环保型页岩抑制剂SGI-1的合成与性能研究

针对页岩地层钻井作业过程中井壁失稳的难题,以自然界资源丰富的木质素为原料,利用(3-氯-2-羟丙基)三甲基氯化铵对其进行季铵化改性制备了一种抑制性和环保性兼顾的水基钻井液页岩抑制剂SGI-1.通过线性膨胀实验、页岩滚动回收实验评价了抑制剂SGI-1的抑制性;通过接触角实验、水活化度实验及Zeta电位实验对SGI-1抑制...     

双子表面活性剂型页岩抑制剂的合成及性能

以二乙醇胺、溴代十二烷和二溴乙烷为原料,采用两步法合成了一种双子表面活性剂型小阳离子页岩抑制剂N,N'-乙撑双(十二烷基二羟乙基溴化铵)(Gemini-DHEDB),分别采用线性膨胀、页岩滚动回收和沉降稳定性实验对其抑制性进行了考察,结果表明:质量分数2%的Gemini-DHEDB溶液中钠基膨润土(Na-MMT)膨胀16 h后的线性膨胀高度和页岩滚动回收率分别为4.27 mm和52%,优于质量分数2%的二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(10.62 mm,31%)、四丁基溴化铵(9.41 mm,36%)和三甲基-2-羟乙基溴化铵(7.74 mm,41%)。沉降稳定实验中,淡水基浆沉淀完成时间大概是14 h,最终沉淀厚度大约为38 mm;添加有Gemini-DHEDB的基浆沉降时间缩短为1.2 h左右,最终的沉降高度约为45 mm。采用FIIR、XRD和SEM对Na-MMT/抑制剂复合材料微观结构进行了表征,结果表明:Gemini-DHEDB可与Na-MMT发生插层吸附并有效改变Na-MMT的微观形貌。     

钻井液用两性离子共聚物HTB的合成与性能研究

采用丙烯酰胺(AM)、丙烯酸(AA)、丙烯磺酸钠(AS)、丙烯酰胺基三甲基丙基氯化铵(AMPTA)共聚合成了一种钻井液处理剂。研究了pH值、引发剂、单体浓度、聚合温度对钻井液性能的影响，最后得出了优化配方。在此基础上合成的两性离子共聚物不仅具有很好的降失水效果和抗温抗盐性，而且有较强的抑制页岩水化膨胀能力。     

水煤浆两性离子分散剂的合成及制浆性能

以α-甲基丙烯酸、丙烯磺酸钠和甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵为原料(DMC),合成两性离子分散剂,用于水煤浆制浆,考察浆体的成浆性、流变性及静态稳定性,研究发现,两性离子分散剂改善了水煤浆的各项性能,具有很好的降黏效果,并明显增强了浆体的静态稳定性;当阴、阳离子单体质量比为3:1时,浆体表现出最好的流变特性,且浆体表观黏度最低,由此可见,两性离子分散剂具有良好的应用价值.     

水基钻井液用新型页岩抑制剂的制备及性能研究

针对陕西关中盆地某地热田区块泥页岩储层现场用水基钻井液体系抑制性能较差,钻井过程中容易出现钻头泥包、井壁失稳等问题,室内以磺酸基单体(MSL-1)、丙烯酰胺(AM)和二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(DMAAC)为原料合成了一种新型泥页岩抑制剂YZJ-108,对其合成条件和抑制性能进行了评价.结果表明:当合成单体总质量分数为20％...     

Structure and inhibition properties of a new amine-terminated hyperbranched oligomer shale inhibitor

To inhibit the hydration and dispersion of shale in drilling, a new amine-terminated hyperbranched oligomer (HBO-NH₂) shale inhibitor was synthesized. Compared with linear polymer inhibitors and inorganic salts, HBO-NH₂ possessed a unique hyperbranched structure and plenty of amine groups. The characterization of HBO-NH₂ was done through the aid of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectroscopy, and time of flight mass spectrum. Upon thermogravimetric analysis, HBO-NH₂ demonstrated favorable thermal stability below 180 °C. As a shale inhibitor, the interlayer spacing of wet bentonite treated with HBO-NH₂ was significantly reduced from 1.9070 to 1.3422 nm in X-ray diffraction analysis. The recovery rate of shale cuttings reached the highest (76.85%) at 120 °C, when the concentration of HBO-NH₂ was 3 wt %. Due to the adsorption of protonated primary amine groups on bentonite particles, the zeta potential absolute value of bentonite base slurry was maintained in a relatively low range of 5–10 mV after HBO-NH₂ treatment. Also, FTIR analysis suggested that hydrogen bonds existed between bentonite and HBO-NH₂. In scanning electron microscope analysis, the inhibition of HBO-NH₂ was observed by the curl degree of bentonite. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47573.     

新型聚合物钾盐抑制泥页岩水化的性能与机理

泥页岩水化膨胀是井壁失稳的重要原因。本文通过膨润土压片浸泡与线性膨胀实验、页岩钻屑滚动回收实验以及流变性、滤失性测试,评价了一种新型聚合物钾盐抑制剂聚阴离子纤维素钾（K-PAC）的抑制性能及其对水基钻井液流变性和滤失性的影响。评价结果表明,0.5% K-PAC的抑制泥页岩水化膨胀的性能明显优于5% KCl、2%聚醚胺-D230（PEA-D230）,与0.5%聚丙烯酰胺钾盐（K-PAM）相近;0.5% K-PAC的增黏提切、降滤失性能要优于0.5% K-PAM。通过扫描电镜和X射线衍射分析了K-PAC的抑制机理,结果表明,K-PAC的阳离子部分（K⁺）能够进入膨润土晶层中并置换出水化钠离子,从而起到抑制黏土晶层膨胀的作用;K-PAC的阴离子部分吸附在黏土颗粒上起到护胶、降滤失的作用,二者协同增效,从而起到强抑制作用。由于K-PAC由聚阴离子纤维素和K⁺构成,对环境友好、成本低廉。因此,K-PAC具有成为低成本、环保型、强抑制性的水基钻井液抑制剂的巨大潜力。     

Synthesis and performance evaluation of carboxyl-rich low phosphorus copolymer scale inhibitor

A novel low phosphorus terpolymer scale inhibitor P(IA-MA-SHP) was prepared by aqueous free radical polymerization using itaconic acid (IA), maleic acid (MA), and sodium hypophosphite (SHP) as raw materials. It was mainly used as an efficient scale inhibitor to inhibit CaCO₃. The structures of the copolymers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared, ¹H-NMR, and ¹³C-NMR, and the thermal properties, and scale sample crystal structure morphology of the copolymers were analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis, x-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The effects of dosage, monomer ratio, temperature, and reaction time on the scale inhibition effect were investigated, and the optimal synthesis conditions were determined. The results show that: when the monomer ratio is n(IA):n(MA) = 1.0:1.0, the mass fraction of SHP is 10%, the amount of ammonium persulfate initiator is 12%, the reaction temperature is 90°C, and the reaction time is 4 h, when the dosage of the agent is 20 mg L⁻¹, the scale inhibition rate of CaCO₃ is 94.30%, while it also has a favorable inhibitory effect on CaSO₄. The results of SEM and XRD show that the copolymer scale inhibitor can distort the lattice and has a favorable adsorption and dispersion effect. In addition, it has a positive effect on controlling the scale.     

一种新型四元阻垢剂的合成和性能研究

A novel quadripolymer scale inhibitor poly-maleic anhydride-acrylic acid-acrylamide-sodium methallyl sulfonate （PMAAS） was synthesized by solution polymerization with maleic anhydride （MA）, acrylic acid （AA）, acrylamide （AM）, sodium methallyl sulfonate （SMAS）, etc. IR spectrum shows that PMAAS contains carbonyl, hydroxyl, phosphatic and sulfonic acid group. SEM indicates that PMAAS blocks the normal growth of scale CaCO3 and CaSO4 crystals. The influences of PMAAS concentration, Ca^2＋ concentration, temperature and pH value of the system on the inhibition efficiency are investigated. The inhibition efficiency of PMAAS is superior to commercial inhibitors T-225 and XF-192.     

一种新型四元绿色阻垢剂的合成和性能研究

以马来酸酐(MA)、丙烯酸(AA)、丙烯酰胺(AM)、甲代烯丙基磺酸钠(SMAS)等为原料,采用溶液聚合法合成出兼含膦酰基和磺酸基的四元聚合阻垢剂PMAAS,通过实验确定了合成聚合物阻垢剂的最佳工艺条件.并测得PMAAS在质量浓度为7 mg/L时,对CaCO3垢的阻垢率可达99%,对CaSO4垢的阻垢率达88.5%.红外光谱分析结果表明:四元共聚物PMAAS中含有羧基、膦酰基和磺酸基等官能团.     

一种三元聚合阻垢剂的合成与应用

介绍了一种三元聚合阻垢剂的合成方法,并对其使用条件以及油田使用情况进行了评价。最佳反应条件为：合成反应时间6 h,丙烯酰胺（AM）、丙烯酸（AA）和自制单体PMA的质量比例为75∶10∶15、反应温度70 ℃,引发剂质量分数1.2%。随着环境温度的上升,阻垢率逐渐下降,在环境温度低于65 ℃的时候,阻垢率可以维持在70%以上。当pH值在6～10时,阻垢率可以维持在65%以上。聚合阻垢剂在WC15-1A海管应用中获得了较好的使用效果。     

缓蚀阻垢剂HEDP的制备及性能分析

以三氯化磷和乙酸酐为原料,经三步合成羟基乙叉二膦酸（HEDP）并考察其缓蚀阻垢性能;考察了乙酰化反应的条件。结果表明,最佳乙酰化反应合成工艺条件为：反应温度100℃,乙酸酐滴加速率为先快后慢,（CH3CO）2O∶PCl3摩尔比为1∶3;HEDP的最佳使用条件：浓度为10 mg/L,温度为60℃,实验时间为24 h,缓蚀率和阻垢率分别高达86.6%,93.8%。     

芳基咪唑啉季铵盐缓蚀剂的制备及其性能研究

以苯甲酸、二乙烯三胺和氯化苄为原料,合成了一种芳基咪唑啉季铵盐缓蚀剂。利用静态失重法和极化曲线法测定缓蚀剂对X80管线钢在含饱和CO2的模拟油田采出水溶液中的缓蚀作用。结果表明,实验得到了芳基咪唑啉季铵盐,温度和缓蚀剂用量对缓蚀性能影响显著,极化曲线表明该缓蚀剂是一种在较低浓度下以抑制阴极反应为主而在较高浓度下以抑制阳极反应为主的混合型缓蚀剂。     

Novel pH,ion sensitive polyampholyte gels based on carboxymethyl chitosan and gelatin

Natural pH and ion sensitive polyampholyte gels were successfully prepared by blending carboxymethyl chitosan (CM‐chitosan) and gelatin using glutaraldehyde as crosslinking agent. Their swelling behaviour under the influence of pH and ionic strength of the solution has been studied, and molecular interaction and, morphology of the gels were investigated by infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. At the isoelectric point (IEP) the blend gels shrunk most, and when pH deviated from the IEP they behaved as polycations or polyanions. A decrease in swelling degree (D_s) with rising NaCl concentration up to 0.15 M was observed for all gels, while addition of Ca²⁺ made them shrink due to formation of Ca²⁺ crosslinked bridges. The blended gels showed increasing sensitivity to pH and ionic strength as the weight fraction of CM‐chitosan increased. Two essential components seem to regulate the swelling behaviour of blended gel: the first is related to osmotic pressure difference caused by the redistribution of mobile ions; the second is related to the possible formation of interactions corresponding to hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry     

水溶性咪唑啉类缓蚀剂的合成及性能研究

针对油田注水开发过程中存在的腐蚀问题,合成了水溶性的咪唑啉类缓蚀剂LRX,利用静态挂片法和极化曲线法考察了其缓蚀性能。结果表明,在苯甲酸与二乙烯三胺的摩尔比为1∶1.4,咪唑啉中间体与氯乙酸的摩尔比1∶1.5,季铵化温度控制在60℃,反应时间4 h时,合成的咪唑啉类缓蚀剂LRX为阳极型缓蚀剂,对20#钢的缓蚀率达85%;合成的咪唑啉类缓蚀剂LRX与阻垢剂HEDP复配后,在缓蚀和阻CaCO3垢性能方面具有良好的协同效应。