OMC/g-C_3N_4复合材料可见光催化2,4-氯酚的研究

将有序介孔碳材料(OMC)按照一定的质量比例(0.01、0.02、0.04、0.08)加入石墨型氮化碳材料(g-C3N4)再低温煅烧获得了介孔碳/石墨型氮化碳复合材料(OMC/g-C3N4)。可见光下光催化降解2,4-氯酚的实验结果表明,有序介孔碳材料提高了复合材料的吸附和光催化性能,去除吸附作用后,样品0.04-OMC/g-C3N4的光催化效率为纯氮化碳的3.68倍。降解产物的气相色谱-质谱分析结果表明2,4-氯酚的降解主要是被羟基自由基脱氯和甲基化成其他中间后再被逐步分解完全矿化,Langmuir-Hinshelwood模型分析结果表明其光催化降解过程符合为一级反应动力学。     

片状g-C_3N_4可见光响应催化剂的热聚合法制备及光催化活性

以三聚氰胺为前驱体,通过热聚合法制得片状石墨相氮化碳g-C3N4,采用SEM,TEM,XRD和UV-Vis DRS分析了催化剂的组成、形貌和光吸收性能。以甲基橙为模拟污染物,研究了g-C3N4催化剂的可见光驱动催化活性。结果表明,所得g-C3N4为片状结构,多甲基橙具有较好的可见光催化降解活性。     

g-C_3N_4/ZnO复合材料的制备、表征及可见光催化性能

以一步法原位合成了g-C_3N_4/ZnO异质结复合材料,评价其在可见光下降解亚甲基蓝(MB)的光催化活性,并探讨了g-C_3N_4/ZnO的光催化机制。运用XRD、FTIR、SEM和UV-Vis DRS对所合成的复合材料进行表征。结果表明,经复合后g-C_3N_4和ZnO紧密结合,构建了异质结,提高了光生电子空穴的分离效率,并且在可见光区表现出较强的光响应性;当g-C_3N_4的质量分数为19%时,复合材料g-C_3N_4/ZnO降解MB的反应速率常数为0.020 6 min-1,是纯g-C_3N_4的3.8倍。催化剂重复使用5次,仍保持较高的光催化活性。     

g-C_3N_4的制备及其对不同染料光催化降解性能研究

通过热聚合尿素的方法制备石墨相氮化碳(g-C_3N_4),用于对罗丹明B(RhB)、甲基橙(MO)、甲基红(MR)、亚甲基蓝(MB)、酸性红(AR)、刚果红(CR)等染料光催化降解。发现Rh B、MB两种染料基本降解完全,MO和AR的降解率在80%以上,CR和MR的降解效果较差,分别为68.3%和65.5%。与催化剂纳米二氧化钛P25比较,降解MO、MR、AR三种染料时,P25的催化效果要好于g-C_3N_4;对于Rh B、CR两种染料,P25和g-C_3N_4的降解效果相差不大,而对MB的降解,g-C_3N_4要好于P25。     

Cu-P复合改性对g-C3N4可见光催化性能的影响

以P掺杂的石墨相氮化碳(P-C₃N₄)为基材,将其与不同质量分数的氯化铜混合后继续焙烧,制备出Cu-P复合改性的石墨相氮化碳可见光光催化剂(Cu/P-C₃N₄)。对样品的结构、光电性能进行了X射线衍射(XRD)、能谱(EDS)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、光致荧光光谱(PL)、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)等一系列表征。通过可见光催化降解亚甲基蓝考察了它们的光催化活性。结果表明,Cu-P复合改性提高了催化剂的电子转移速率且降低了光生电子空穴对的复合速率,有效改善了其光催化性能。可见光照射120 min,Cu(1.5%)/P-C₃N₄复合材料对亚甲基蓝的降解率达到71.3%,其降解速率常数分别是纯g-C₃N₄和P-C₃N₄的2.17倍和2倍。另外,通过活性物种捕获实验初步研究了各个体系的光催化反应机理。     

石墨相g-C_3N_4聚合物半导体光催化剂

半导体光催化技术通过太阳能驱动化学反应净化水体、处理土壤和空气污染物、催化制氢,在解决环境污染和能源短缺等问题上具有重要的应用前景。在光催化技术的推广应用过程中,一种仅由C、N两种元素通过sp~2杂化组成的共轭半导体氮化碳,因其独特的半导体能带结构和优异的化学稳定性,被作为一类不含金属成分的新型可见光催化剂,引起人们的广泛关注。本文介绍石墨相氮化碳的结构、性质及其在光催化领域的一些研究进展。     

g-C_3N_4/AC的制备及其可见光催化活性研究

以尿素为前躯体,于管式炉中进行高温煅烧,借助X射线衍射、电镜扫描手段对产物进行表征,以罗丹明B为污染物,对所得产物的可见光催化性能进行评价,同时考察不同负载量、不同煅烧温度和煅烧时间对光催化活性的影响。结果表明,500~600℃煅烧3 h所得负载量为60%的g-C_3N_4/AC可见光催化活性最强。     

g-C_3N_4在VOCs催化燃烧催化剂开发中的应用前景

金属氧化物作用下的催化燃烧可有效消除挥发性有机物(VOCs),工业前景较好,目前研究重点在于开发适宜结构的载体。石墨相氮化碳(g-C_3N_4)结构稳定,电子性能独特,其供电子特性与表面碱性位均具有促进氧气与反应物分子活化的潜能,有望成为VOCs催化燃烧催化剂的优良载体。介孔结构能改善电子特性,提高活性组分分散,促进反应物扩散,将成为g-C_3N_4研发的主要方向。     

g-C_3N_4/TiO_2复合材料的制备及其可见光催化性能

以三聚氰胺为氮源,钛酸丁酯为钛源,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备g-C_3N_4/TiO_2复合光催化材料,通过XRD、FESEM、UV-Vis、激光粒度分析仪对样品进行表征,以光催化降解亚甲基蓝(MB)为探针反应,研究了复合比和焙烧温度对样品可见光催化性能的影响。结果表明,g-C_3N_4/TiO_2复合光催化剂为锐钛矿相和金红石相组成的混合晶型,TiO_2颗粒呈近球形分布于片层结构的石墨相C3N4表面,复合材料平均粒径2.17μm,粒度分布均匀,复合后样品的光吸收增强。当g-C_3N_4与TiO_2复合比1.0,焙烧温度450℃时,在32 W普通日光灯下g-C_3N_4/TiO_2对MB的降解率达到93.3%。     

g-C_3N_4/TiO_2复合光催化材料制备及研究进展

概述了g-C_3N_4/TiO_2复合材料的制备方法,给出了g-C_3N_4的晶体结构和分子结构,介绍了g-C_3N_4/TiO_2为基的三种类型催化剂的可见光催化机理,总结了g-C_3N_4/TiO_2复合光催化材料的应用。     

g-C_3N_4–CeO_2/ATP复合材料的制备及可见光催化性能

微波辅助液相法制备了g-C3N4–Ce O2/凹凸棒石(ATP)复合光催化材料。采用X射线衍射仪、Fourier变换红外光谱仪、紫外-可见漫反射光谱仪、透射电子显微镜等对样品微观结构进行表征,以亚甲基蓝(MB)为目标降解物考察g-C3N4–Ce O2/ATP复合材料在可见光辐射下的催化活性,研究Ce O2/g-C3N4质量比对光催化剂活性的影响。结果表明:ATP与Ce O2和g-C3N4形成三维网络结构,能有效地增加复合光催化剂的表面积,在空间上形成多渠道的电子传递通道,促进光生载流子的分离。当Ce O2/g-C3N4质量比为3/10时,g-C3N4–Ce O2/ATP复合材料对MB的降解率可达92%。     

One-Step Synthesis of g-C3N4 Nanosheets with Enhanced Photocatalytic Performance for Organic Pollutants Degradation Under Visible Light Irradiation

Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) has received much interest as a visible-light-driven photocatalyst for degrading pollutants such as organic dyes and antibiotics. However, g-C₃N₄ bulk activity could not meet expectations due to its rapid recombination of photogenerated electron–hole pairs and low specific surface area. In our study, melamine was thermally treated one-step in the presence of NH₄Cl to produce g-C₃N₄ nanosheets. The characterizations of surface morphology and optical properties of all g-C₃N₄ samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectrum (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. Compared to bulk g-C₃N₄, g-C₃N₄ nanosheets demonstrated excellent photocatalytic activities, with approximately 98% RhB removal after 210 min of visible light irradiation. Furthermore, the effect of catalyst dosage, pH, and RhB concentration on the removal percentage dye of g-C₃N₄ nanosheets was also investigated. h⁺ and ^?O₂^? species were demonstrated as the key reactive species for the RhB. Besides, ECN exposed a tetracycline degradation efficiency of 80.5% under visible-light irradiation for 210 min, which is higher than BCN (60.8%). The improved photocatalytic activity of g-C₃N₄ nanosheets is due to the restriction of the recombination of photogenerated electrons/hole pairs, as provided by photoluminescence spectra and Nyquist plot. As a result, our research may offer an effective approach to fabricating g-C₃N₄ nanosheets with high photocatalytic activity and high stability for environmental decontamination.

     

BiOBr/g-C3N4光催化剂的制备及其LED紫光光催化活性

以五水硝酸铋、溴化钾和三聚氰胺为原料,采用溶剂热法制备了摩尔比不同的BiOBr/g-C3N4复合光催化剂,并进行了XRD、SEM和DRS表征分析.以50 W LED紫光灯为光源,采用罗丹明B为目标降解物考察了制备样品的光催化性能.结果表明:摩尔比为1∶1的BiOBr/g-C3N4复合光催化剂的具有最优的光催化性能.机理实验结果表明:超氧自由基(O2·-)和空穴(h+)为BiOBr/g-C3N4复合光催化剂光催化过程最为主要的活性物种.     

Comprehensive Review on g-C3N4-Based Photocatalysts for the Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production under Visible Light

Currently, the synthesis of active photocatalysts for the evolution of hydrogen, including photocatalysts based on graphite-like carbon nitride, is an acute issue. In this review, a comprehensive analysis of the state-of-the-art studies of graphic carbon nitride as a photocatalyst for hydrogen production under visible light is presented. In this review, various approaches to the synthesis of photocatalysts based on g-C₃N₄ reported in the literature were considered, including various methods for modifying and improving the structural and photocatalytic properties of this material. A thorough analysis of the literature has shown that the most commonly used methods for improving g-C₃N₄ properties are alterations of textural characteristics by introducing templates, pore formers or pre-treatment method, doping with heteroatoms, modification with metals, and the creation of composite photocatalysts. Next, the authors considered their own detailed study on the synthesis of graphitic carbon nitride with different pre-treatments and respective photocatalysts that demonstrate high efficiency and stability in photocatalytic production of hydrogen. Particular attention was paid to describing the effect of the state of the platinum cocatalyst on the activity of the resulting photocatalyst. The decisive factors leading to the creation of active materials were discussed.     

Property Characterization and Photocatalytic Activity Evaluation of BiGdO3 Nanoparticles under Visible Light Irradiation

BiGdO₃ nanoparticles were prepared by a solid-state reaction method and applied in photocatalytic degradation of dyes in this study. BiGdO₃ was characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that BiGdO₃ crystallized well with the fluorite-type structure, a face-centered cubic crystal system and a space group Fm3m 225. The lattice parameter of BiGdO₃ was 5.465 angstrom. The band gap of BiGdO₃ was estimated to be 2.25 eV. BiGdO₃ showed a strong optical absorption during the visible light region. Moreover, the photocatalytic activity of BiGdO₃ was evaluated by photocatalytic degradation of direct dyes in aqueous solution under visible light irradiation. BiGdO₃ demonstrated excellent photocatalytic activity in degrading Direct Orange 26 (DO-26) or Direct Red 23 (DR-23) under visible light irradiation. The photocatalytic degradation of DO-26 or DR-23 followed the first-order reaction kinetics, and the first-order rate constant was 0.0046 or 0.0023 min⁻¹ with BiGdO₃ as catalyst. The degradation intermediates of DO-26 were observed and the possible photocatalytic degradation pathway of DO-26 under visible light irradiation was provided. The effect of various operational parameters on the photocatalytic activity and the stability of BiGdO₃ particles were also discussed in detail. BiGdO₃/(visible light) photocatalysis system was confirmed to be suitable for textile industry wastewater treatment.     

Ag_3PO_4/BiOBr光催化剂的制备与可见光活性研究

先采用水热法制备具有分等级结构的BiOBr微球,然后采用沉积-沉淀法将Ag3PO4负载于BiOBr微球表面。采用扫描电子显微镜、X-射线粉末衍射仪、N2吸脱附等温线和紫外-可见漫反射光谱对所制备的样品进行了测试表征;将Ag3PO4/BiOBr微球用于可见光催化分解甲基橙溶液,考察了Ag3PO4的负载量及重复使用对可见光(420nm)催化活性影响的研究。结果表明:Ag3PO4/BiOBr微球具有分等级介孔-大孔结构,Ag3PO4与载体BiOBr间结合紧密。单纯BiOBr微球几乎没有可见光催化活性,负载Ag3PO4后表现出较好的可见光催化活性,其中以Ag3PO4(50%)/BiOBr样品的催化效果最佳,30min内将近90%的甲基橙被降解,该催化剂样品在重复实验中表现出较好光催化稳定性。     

Preparation of g-C3N4/MoS2 Composite Material and Its Visible Light Catalytic Performance

The g-C₃N₄ nanosheet was prepared by calcination method, the MoS₂ nanosheet was prepared by hydrothermal method. The g-C₃N₄/MoS₂ composites were prepared by ultrasonic composite in anhydrous ethanol. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, and photoluminescence techniques were used to characterize the materials. The photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B (Rh B) by g-C₃N₄/MoS₂ composites with different mass ratios was investigated under visible light. The results show that a small amount of MoS₂ combined with g-C₃N₄ can significantly improve photocatalytic activity. The g-C₃N₄/MoS₂ composite with a mass ratio of 1:8 has the highest photocatalytic activity, and the degradation rate of Rh B increases from 50 to 99.6%. The main reason is that MoS₂ and g-C₃N₄ have a matching band structure. The separation rate of photogenerated electron–hole pairs is enhanced. So the g-C₃N₄/MoS₂ composite can improve the photocatalytic activity. Through the active material capture experiment, it is found that the main active material in the photocatalytic reaction process is holes, followed by superoxide radicals.