二维及彩色多普勒超声诊断外伤性下肢DNA89例报告

二维及彩色多普勒超声(2D-CDFI)多体位检测是诊断血管病变的首选方法。2000年4月至2004年6月,我们对89例临床诊断为外伤性下肢深静脉血栓(DVT)患者行2D-CDFI检测。现报告如下。     

二维及彩色多普勒超声对下肢深静脉血栓的诊断

目的探讨二维(2D)及彩色多普勒超声(CDFI)对下肢深静脉血栓(DVT)的诊断价值。方法21例DVT患者,用二维及彩色多普勒观察血栓部位、大小、回声及彩色多普勒血流显像特点。结果21例患者共23条患肢,其中单侧受累19例,双侧受累2例。10条患肢表现为亚急性期或慢性期血栓,另13条患肢表现为急性期血栓。结论二维及彩色多普勒可以成为下肢深静脉血栓的首选检查方法。     

急性肺血栓栓塞症患者溶栓抗凝治疗后深静脉血栓的变化

目的 观察急性肺血栓栓塞症(PTE)患者溶栓抗凝治疗后深静脉血栓(DVT)的变化.方法 从急性PTE溶栓与抗凝治疗多中心研究中选取确诊的于溶栓抗凝治疗前后行下肢静脉超声检查的PTE患者362例,观察治疗前后深静脉血栓的变化.结果溶栓抗凝治疗后14 d与治疗前相比,DVT明显减少(x2=22.667,P<0.001),但有11.6%的患者出现新发或再发DVT.溶栓治疗者血流改善率为56.5%,抗凝治疗者为47.8%,二者间差异无统计学意义(x2=1.435,P=0.231).3个月随访,有30.4%的患者DVT仍未恢复正常,另有10.4%的患者经超声检查发现DVT.结论 溶栓抗凝治疗后14 d,DVT的治愈率较低,新发或再发率较高,溶栓治疗的血流改善与抗凝治疗相仿.短期治疗尚不能显著改善DVT的预后.     

深静脉血栓形成研究进展

深静脉血栓形成(DVT)与肺血栓栓塞症(PTE)为同一疾病在不同部位、不同阶段的两种表现形式，超声检查结合临床DVT危险性评估或D—二聚体检测为诊断DVT的首选方法。间接性CT静脉造影术可1次同时获得DVT及PTE的情况。磁共振静脉造影术能准确地确定盆腔和下腔静脉的血栓，还有潜在的鉴别新旧血栓的功能。当无创手段不能作出诊断或与临床评估不一致时，可考虑X线静脉造影检查。抗凝为DVT最基本的预防及治疗方法。溶栓、手术和放置下腔静脉滤器需要有选择地进行。     

深静脉血栓形成研究进展

深静脉血栓形成 (DVT)与肺血栓栓塞症 (PTE)为同一疾病在不同部位、不同阶段的两种表现形式 ,超声检查结合临床DVT危险性评估或D 二聚体检测为诊断DVT的首选方法。间接性CT静脉造影术可 1次同时获得DVT及PTE的情况。磁共振静脉造影术能准确地确定盆腔和下腔静脉的血栓 ,还有潜在的鉴别新旧血栓的功能。当无创手段不能作出诊断或与临床评估不一致时 ,可考虑X线静脉造影检查。抗凝为DVT最基本的预防及治疗方法。溶栓、手术和放置下腔静脉滤器需要有选择地进行     

CT诊断肺血栓栓塞症-深静脉血栓形成的临床应用进展

临床实践证明CT诊断肺血栓栓塞症 (PTE)和深静脉血栓形成 (DVT)的敏感性及特异性较高 ,本文综述了CT肺动脉造影 (CTPA)和间接性CT静脉造影 (CTV)的临床应用、比较影像学及发展前景。CTPA CTV可作为诊断PTE DVT的首选检查方法。CT肺血流灌注技术 ,可以在微血管水平定量研究肺血流灌注 ,评价肺血流灌注功能 ,用于指导治疗、评价疗效     

CT诊断肺血栓栓塞症—深静脉血栓形成的临床应用进展

临床实践证明CT诊断肺血栓栓塞症(PTE)和深静脉血栓形成(DVT)的敏感性及特异性较高，本文综述了CT肺动脉造影(CTPA)和间接性CT静脉造影(CTV)的临床应用、比较影像学及发展前景。CTPA—CTV可作为诊断PTE—DVT的首选检查方法。CT肺血流灌注技术，可以在微血管水平定量研究肺血流灌注，评价肺血流灌注功能，用于指导治疗、评价疗效。     

彩色多普勒超声在下肢深静脉血栓诊断中的应用价值

下肢深静脉血栓(DVT)是临床常见的血管性疾病,多见于长期卧床、术后、产后患者,早期诊断和治疗对疗效和预后有着显著的影响.血管彩色多普勒超声检查被称为"无创性血管造影技术",能很好地显示血管的解剖结构,提供血流动力学参数,通过直接观察血栓、探头加压或挤压远端肢体软组织及Valsalva试验,可发现95％以上的下肢DVT,因此对下肢DVT的诊断有着非常重要的意义.     

脑卒中病人的深静脉血栓:血浆D-二聚体筛选试验

肢体瘫痪、活动减少和血液高凝状态是发生深静脉血栓(DVT)的重要因素。脑卒中住院病人DVT的发生率高达33％。临床症状和体征用于检测DVT不可靠;静脉造影和静脉双功超声(VDU)诊断DVT虽然可靠,但价格昂贵,而且为创伤性检查,又需专业人员分析,故有一定缺陷。作者采用D-二聚体血浆浓度测定诊断DVT。 病人来自芝加哥康复中心,脑卒中根据临床表现和CT/MRI确诊。肾功衰竭、癌症、接受华法令治疗及     

应用放射性核素显像对下肢深静脉病变和肺血栓栓塞症的临床观察

目的　探讨下肢深静脉血栓形成与肺动脉血栓栓塞症之间的关系。方法　病例选择为1997年 9月～ 2 0 0 1年 5月临床诊断高度怀疑肺动脉血栓栓塞症患者 140例 (男 79例 ,女 6 1例 ) ,平均年龄为 39± 18岁。所有患者均行肺灌注、肺通气显像及下肢深静脉显像。其中 2 6例患者同时进行肺动脉造影 ,11例行X线下肢静脉造影检查 ,36例行下肢血管超声检查 ,18例行下肢容积血流阻抗图检查。结果　 140例肺血栓栓塞患者中有下肢静脉病变者为 12 0例 ,占 85 7%。近端病变 113例(80 0 % )。下肢深静脉显像与X线下肢静脉造影、下肢容积阻抗图及下肢血管超声检查符合率分别为 90 9% ,72 2 % ,80 0 %。结论　研究证实下肢静脉病变和血栓形成是肺动脉血栓栓塞症的主要致病因素 ,栓子主要来源于近端静脉血栓。放射性核素肺灌注 /肺通气、下肢静脉显像是诊断肺血栓栓塞症和下肢深静脉病变的有效方法。     

State of knowledge of helminth fauna of freshwater fishes of Poland

A total 89 fish and lamprey species has been recorded from Polish freshwater habitats. Twenty-seven of them (30.3%) have not been surveyed for parasitic helminthes. Some of the latter fishes are either rare or not easily accessible. Other live only in specific habitats in scattered localities. An important obstacle for studying parasite faunas of some fishes may be their status on an endangered species. Among the non-surveyed fishes, are those which have been relatively recently introduced to Poland or migrated there on their own. The present paper attempts to review all hitherto not studied helminthologically fish species, their habitats, localities and current protection status.     

Inhibition of intimal thickening of the carotid artery of rabbits and of outgrowth of explants of aorta by probucol.

The effect of administration of probucol in preventing intimal thickening of rabbit carotid artery after balloon catheter injury and the mechanism of action of the drug were studied. Groups of 6 male New Zealand-White rabbits were given normal diet (Group I), high cholesterol diet (Group II) or high cholesterol diet plus probucol (Group III) for 4 weeks. Balloon catheter injury was made in week 2 and animals were killed in week 4. No significant differences in the total cholesterol levels in Groups II and III were found in week 4. The medians of areas of the intimal layer in cross-sections of the carotid arteries of Groups I, II and III were 0.237, 0.475 and 0.309 mm2, respectively. Thus high-cholesterol diet increased the thickness of the intimal layer and probucol reduced its effect. There were no significant differences in the areas of the medial layers in these 3 groups. For the examination of the mechanism of the effect of probucol, rabbits were given chow containing 0.5% cholesterol with and without 0.5% probucol (7 rabbits each) and then the numbers of explants from their aortas showing outgrowth were compared. The plasma total cholesterol levels of these two groups were the same. The probucol concentrations in the plasma and aorta of the former group were 18.6 +/- 13.2 micrograms/ml and 7.3 +/- 5.4 micrograms/g wet tissue, respectively. The number of explants showing outgrowth on day 14 was suppressed by 34% in the probucol-treated group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)