中国中古时代佛教建筑空间探析

中国中古时代的佛教建筑是在佛教文化体系上孕育发展的一种建筑空间。该文通过分析空间的特点、形成与发展,阐述了佛教建筑空间宗教意境的塑造方法,探讨了中国中古时代佛教建筑空间是佛教意识、审美观念、风俗习惯、建筑技术的集中体现,深受佛教文化和中国古代建筑营造法则的影响。     

A Comment on Rural Tenants and Their Buildings in the Later Middle Ages

This contribution reinforces Currie’s article in Vernacular Architecture 49 to demonstrate that tenants of all kinds, free and customary, usually arranged for the building of the dwellings and subsidiary buildings on their holdings. Lords built only in special circumstances, and tenants normally organised construction by obtaining materials and hiring carpenters. The expectation that tenants were responsible for buildings was often expressed in manorial courts in the period 1360–1520, but neglect of buildings also caused some concern in the period before 1349. This rather technical argument is placed in a more general context of the reappraisal of peasant capacities and agency.     

回到未来,走向合成建筑

观察——社会中的建筑学修复我的一切工作都起源于观察,2010年回国之后我观察到一些很有趣的现象,我管它叫做"建筑学的社会修复"。一般来说,建筑师的服务群体基本是政府或开发商,这些建筑知识是通过昂贵的住宅和办公楼产品以消费的方式传递的,意味着只有极少数人能消费这种产业的建筑知识,除此之外的建筑市场其实很需要建筑师,但没有人花钱雇得起。举一个简单的例子,在武汉的市中心有一个几乎不被政府关心的老城区,这个地方的人竭尽所能地去拓展自己的空间,比如在一个三层砖混建筑里再盖一层(图1)。这让我理解到建筑学在一定层面上是将行为物质化的过程,它的针对性很强、很具体,老百姓在没有专业知识的情况下只能用简单粗暴的办法完成自己的诉求。     

Easy设计还原最本质生活形态

有时候我们看一些20世纪60年代、70年代的产品设计，历经岁月沉淀却丝毫不显落伍。它们多数没有夸张的设计概念，只是将实用功能放到首位、外形保留最纯粹的线条一也许正因为这种简单，才得以被世人喜爱。本期邀请三位设计师，且设计理念不一，但均致力于透过各自实用至上的产品表达成熟的现代家居理念。     

还原居住的本质

在所有的设计过程与逻辑里,一定是先满足生活机能,再考量风格呈现,让使用者回到家后能完全的放松。不管是建筑或者室内,设计师都强调“人”绝对是最重要的元素,从使用者出发,分析人的思想及行为,进而赋予建筑或者空间的性格,通过延伸设计,与环境结合在一起,打造符合个人需求的完美定制空间。     

Back to the Future

Paul Preissner provides a typological prototype for the protocell, the Protocell Tower. Does it, however, already look familiar? Though a breathtaking chemical innovation, could protocell technology actually be behind the curve of architecture? Could it be that architects have already been playing with the aesthetics of this unrealised matter for the last 15 years? Preissner suggests some urban approaches that might enable us to use protocells to rejuvenate existing architecture. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.