硫酸镁热释光发光曲线分析与陷阱参数

在室温至５００℃内测得ＭｇＳＯ４发光曲线的四个发光峰，用高斯函数对ＭｇＳＯ４发光曲线进行计算机拟合，定出峰温。用双升温速率法、多种升温速度法、初始升温法确定四个发光峰的激活能和频率因子，得到相近的结果。用一级和一般级动力学方程拟合发光曲线得到的激活能与升温法的结果比较，可以看出一般级动力学方程拟合得到的激活能与升温法测得的比较符合。     

SrSO4:Eu磷光体的热释光特性

研究了掺杂得到的SrSO4Eu(0.1mol%)的粉末样品的热释光(TL)发光曲线和三维光谱.用90Sr的β射线辐照0.116～1.16 kGy后.测到的热释光峰发光曲线,观察到只有一个主剂量峰,峰温位于(231.5±2.3)C.用热释光一般级动力学方程拟合发光曲线,得到了峰参数和陷阱参数值.主剂量峰基本上不随照射剂量发生变化,辐射剂量响应为线性-亚线性.用+0℃oγ辐照100Gy后.测量了热释光三维光谱,确定了发光波长主要位于375nm.与其他硫酸盐基质材料中掺Eu的CaSO4Eu.MgSO4Eu比较.波长有所不同.可以确定这是来自于Eu2+能级跃迁的发光.     

MgB4O7:Tm,Mn磷光体的热释光特性

采用高温固相法制备了MgB4O7:Tm,Mn磷光体材料,测量了热释光发光曲线和热释光三维光谱以及剂量响应曲线。其主发光峰温度约为400oC,发光波长455 nm。MgB4O7:Tm,Mn主发光峰面积比LiF:Mg,Ti高6.2倍,具有很好的热稳定性,在0.1–2000 Gy范围内具有良好的线性-超线性剂量响应。     

α-Al_2O_3:C单晶的β辐射热释光与光释光性能研究

以高纯碳粉作为碳源直接加入原料,采用导模法(EFG)生长了α-Al2O3:C单晶。研究了晶体经过低剂量β射线辐照后的热释光与光释光特性,α-Al2O3:C单晶的热释光发光曲线在350 K、540 K和689 K附近有3个热释光峰,540 K附近为主要热释光峰,689 K附近为新的热释光峰,发现晶体的陷阱能级深度发生变化并产生了新深度的陷阱能级;随着β吸收剂量的增加,发光强度也随之增强,但是3个热释光峰温位置大致保持不变。在多次连续同剂量辐照过程中,随着辐照次数的增加,主热释光峰强度增强,峰温向高温方向偏移。α-Al2O3:C单晶的光释光衰减曲线呈指数变化,其由前期快衰减部分和后期慢衰减部分组成,快衰减部分衰减速率随着吸收剂量的增加变化很小,而慢衰减部分衰减速率则有较为明显的减慢。在低剂量范围内(低于10Gy),热释光和光释光过程灵敏度不随吸收剂量而变化,剂量响应曲线呈线性的特点。     

MgSO4:Tm,Mn,P磷光体的研究

通过三掺杂得到MgSO4：Tm,Mn,P，其热释光的两个主要发光峰温分别约为253℃和383℃，发光波长位于365nm、460nm和660nm。比较MgSO4:Tm、MgSO4:Tm,Mn、MgSO4:Tm,P、MgSO4：Tm,Mn,P的发光曲线，讨论了杂质Tm、Mn、P分别产生的作用。采用一般级动力学方程拟合发光曲线，确定出各发光峰的激活能与频率因子。用^60Co γ射线在0.1-20kGy的辐照范围内，测定了它们的热释光剂量响应曲线。用复合作用剂量响应函数拟合实验数据，得到两个发光峰的一次作用因子R分别为0.397(253℃）和0.127(383℃）。     

石英热释光年代测定中测量条件优化研究

本文基于石英热释光特性分析,通过实验方法分析石英在不同辐照剂量下375 ℃热释光峰的最佳预热温度和校正石英热释光灵敏度变化的最佳试验剂量,并依据实验结果对常规流程加以改进。最终,验证基于最优测量参数的改进流程对等效剂量测量准确度的提升。实验结果表明,若等效剂量较小,325 ℃热释光峰的信号较弱,选取较低的预热温度即可压制其对375 ℃热释光峰的影响。若等效剂量较大,则石英测片应先通过预热温度测试,根据再生剂量和试验剂量的最优预热温度进行等效剂量测量。石英测片再生剂量的取值处于0～1 000 Gy范围内时,200 Gy的试验剂量能对石英测片的热灵敏度变化起到校正作用,且10次重复测量结果的相对偏差小于5%。通过上述最优预热温度和试验剂量设置,分别降低325 ℃热释光峰残余信号干扰和校正石英热灵敏度变化。改进流程下400 Gy和700 Gy等效剂量测量值的相对偏差由常规流程的14.74%～47.15%和33.47%～197.71%均降低到±4%以内。本文为石英的375 ℃热释光峰年代测定准确度和年代测定范围的提升提供了重要参考依据。     

石英热释光年代测定中测量条件优化研究

本文基于石英热释光特性分析,通过实验方法分析石英在不同辐照剂量下375℃热释光峰的最佳预热温度和校正石英热释光灵敏度变化的最佳试验剂量,并依据实验结果对常规流程加以改进。最终,验证基于最优测量参数的改进流程对等效剂量测量准确度的提升。实验结果表明,若等效剂量较小,325℃热释光峰的信号较弱,选取较低的预热温度即可压制其对375℃热释光峰的影响。若等效剂量较大,则石英测片应先通过预热温度测试,根据再生剂量和试验剂量的最优预热温度进行等效剂量测量。石英测片再生剂量的取值处于0～1 000 Gy范围内时,200 Gy的试验剂量能对石英测片的热灵敏度变化起到校正作用,且10次重复测量结果的相对偏差小于5%。通过上述最优预热温度和试验剂量设置,分别降低325℃热释光峰残余信号干扰和校正石英热灵敏度变化。改进流程下400 Gy和700 Gy等效剂量测量值的相对偏差由常规流程的14.74%～47.15%和33.47%～197.71%均降低到±4%以内。本文为石英的375℃热释光峰年代测定准确度和年代测定范围的提升提供了重要参考依据。     

CaF2:Mn(TLD-400)热压片的高剂量响应特性

利用⁶⁰Co γ辐照装置研究了CaF₂:Mn(TLD-400)热压片在高剂量水平的热释光响应性能,获得了CaF₂:Mn热压片高剂量响应新曲线。研究结果表明：发光曲线由一个复合峰构成,复合峰形状与辐照剂量密切相关;采用动态布点和慢加热速率获得了1～3 500 Gy范围高精度剂量响应曲线,由γ响应灵敏度相差近5倍的两段线性区域(1～500 Gy、500～2 200 Gy)和一段饱和区域(2 200～3 500 Gy)构成,响应饱和前未出现亚线性或超线性响应区域,此响应特点未见相关报道;饱和剂量阈值为2 200 Gy,小于厂商标称测量上限2 600 Gy; CaF₂:Mn热压片受到饱和剂量辐照后发光强度下降3%～9%,高温退火无法恢复其性能,表明γ辐照损伤已出现,损伤剂量阈值约3 000 Gy。本文研究结果为γ总剂量效应模拟实验中电子器件辐射剂量测量提供了重要参考。     

MgSO_4:Dy,P和MgSO_4:Dy,P,Cu的热释光剂量学特性

MgSO4 :Dy中掺入适量的P ,热释光发光曲线中两个高温峰显著增强 ,主剂量峰的峰温接近2 83.6℃ ,另一个发光峰的峰温在 35 2 .7℃ ,其热释光效率超过LiF:Mg ,Ti的两倍。MgSO4 :Dy ,P的单个发光峰峰面积对60 Coγ辐射剂量 (0 .1Gy— 2 0kGy)的实验响应曲线用复合作用响应函数拟合 ,得到的非线性特征参数表明 ,两个发光峰的γ辐射剂量响应均为超线性。在MgSO4 :Dy ,P中再掺入微量Cu ,首先抑制峰温在 35 2 .7℃的发光峰 ,随着Cu浓度的增加 ,2 83.6℃的主剂量峰会随之降低 ,此峰的γ辐射剂量响应的超线性随之减小。MgSO4 :Dy ,P ,Cu (0 .1mol% ,0 .5mol% ,0 .0 1mol% )磷光体对γ辐射的剂量响应 (0 .1Gy— 2 0kGy)为亚线性。最引人注目的是MgSO4 :Dy ,P ,Cu(0 .1mol% ,0 .5mol% ,0 .0 0 4mol% )磷光体 ,它具有与MgSO4 :Dy ,P(0 .1mol% ,0 .5mol% )相近的热释光灵敏度 ,并具有最宽的剂量响应线性范围。这种新热释光材料可用于高剂量辐射测量。本文进一步阐明和验证了《复合作用模型》 ,并揭示了热释光材料中杂质和缺陷结构与剂量学特性的相关性。结合热释光三维发光光谱的分析对热释光机制提出一些见解     

磷光体MgSO4：Tm,P的热释光特性

通过掺杂得到的 Mg SO4∶ Tm,P粉末样品 ,经 60 Co和13 7Csγ辐照后 ,测定了 10 -4～ 2× 10 4Gy范围内的热释光的发光曲线和三维光谱 ,确定了 TL峰的峰参数和陷阱参数值 ,主剂量峰位于 2 89.3℃左右 ,辐射剂量响应为超线性 ,从其发光谱上可看到其发光波长主要位于 36 5、4 6 0、6 6 0 mm。通过与其他材料的比较 ,观测到其灵敏度高 ,剂量响应范围宽 ,稳定性好 ,可作为实用的 TL材料在剂量学中获得应用     

The thermoluminescence properties of natural CaF2 after β-irradiation

In this study, the thermoluminescence (TL) properties of natural CaF₂ were investigated after β-irradiation at room temperature (RT). The additive dose (AD), T_m(E_a)-T_stop, repeated initial rise (RIR), and computerized glow curve deconvolution (CGCD) methods were used to analyze the thermoluminescence (TL) glow peaks in natural CaF₂ after β-irradiation between 0.015 Gy and ≈2 kGy dose level. These methods were used to determine the number of peaks and kinetic parameters (kinetic orders b, activation energy E_a, and attempt-to-escape frequency s) associated with the thermoluminescence (TL) glow peaks of natural CaF₂. The E_a-T_stop and CGCD methods indicate that the glow curve of this material is the superposition of at least six glow peaks, which were dealt with as P1-P6, in the temperature range between room temperature (RT) and 400 °C. Dose variation experiments revealed that TL glow curve of natural CaF₂ has both first and general-order glow peaks. The dose responses and fading process, which are very useful in radiation dosimetry, of individual TL peaks of this material were also examined. In addition, the influence of heating rates on the response of dosimetric glow peaks of natural CaF₂ was studied. It was observed that the total area of glow peak and peak intensities of all glow peaks are continuously decreasing with increasing heating rate.     

Investigation of OSL signals from very deep traps in unfired and fired quartz samples

This paper presents an attempt to isolate experimentally optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) signals which may originate from very deep traps (VDT) in quartz samples. As VDT we consider those traps which are responsible for TL glow peaks with a peak maximum temperature above a TL readout temperature of 500 °C. The basic experimental procedure used to isolate OSL signals from VDT is heating the quartz samples to 500 °C immediately before measuring the OSL signal. The study was carried out on eight quartz samples of very different origins; it is found that all eight samples exhibit OSL signals from VDT, and for a wide region of OSL stimulation temperatures. The OSL signal from VDT depends strongly on the type of quartz sample studied and on whether the sample was fired at high temperatures or not. The behavior of the OSL signal from VDT as a function of the stimulation temperature is found to be very different in fired and unfired samples. The thermal activation energy E for the OSL signals from VDT is obtained in both fired and unfired samples. The OSL signal from VDT in quartz samples fired at 800 °C for 1 h is very high, and the OSL curves consist of three well-defined components and a fourth slow component which is rather poorly resolved. The dose response of these components is obtained using a computerized deconvolution procedure for the dose region 0.5-300 Gy. The results are of importance for dating of ancient fired ceramics, since OSL signals from VDT could potentially extend appreciably the equivalent dose region toward both lower and higher values.     

The thermoluminescent properties of lithium triborate (LiB3O5) activated by aluminium

In this paper, the thermoluminescence (TL) dosimetric characteristics of Al-doped LiB₃O₅ compounds are presented. The powder samples were prepared by the solid-state reaction method and the formation of the compounds were confirmed by an X-ray diffraction study. The TL studies of undoped and Al-doped LiB₃O₅ samples showed similar glow curve structures. They have three TL glow peaks at about 60, 130 and 200 °C after heating at a constant heating rate of 1 °C/s. Their comparative TL studies indicated that 5 wt% Al-doped LiB₃O₅ compound was approximately 240 times more sensitive than undoped compound. The TL emission spectra of Al-doped LiB₃O₅ showed a maximum band at around 520 nm. The main dosimetric characteristics, which are namely the TL dose response, TL sensitivity, fading, minimum detectable dose, reproducibility, precision of dose measurement and annealing procedure, indicated that Al-doped LiB₃O₅ sample, can be used in dosimetric applications. The trap parameters namely order of kinetics (b), activation energy (E) and frequency factor (s) associated with the glow peaks in beta irradiated undoped and Al-doped LiB₃O₅ samples were obtained by glow curve deconvolution (GCD) program.     

Al2O3:C、LiF:Mg,Ti、LiF:Mg,Cu,P对本底辐射的热释光响应比较

用Al2O3:C、LiF:Mg,Ti、LiF:Mg,Cu,P热释光剂量计(TLD)测量湛江市区本底辐射的热释光响应,以选取适合低辐射场辐射剂量测量的TLD。它们的最低响应剂量依次为Al2O3:C(1–2μGy)、LiF:Mg,Cu,P(约2μGy)和LiF:Mg,Ti(>10μGy)。Al2O3:C的热释光峰温较低,对较长时间段(>30 d)的累积剂量,存在较明显的热释光衰退,剂量响应曲线偏离线性;LiF:Mg,Cu,P和LiF:Mg,Ti的发光峰温较高,数年内都很稳定。综合考虑灵敏度和稳定性,LiF:Mg,Cu,P更宜于低辐射场的累积剂量测量。     

Studies on the 30–450°C thermoluminescence of synthetic mullite

The 30–450°C thermoluminescence (TL) characteristics of synthetic mullite samples are presented. Thermal peaks at 115°C, 190°C, 250°C and 280°C have been observed in variously treated samples. The relationship between the intensities of the four TL peaks, the irradiation dose and the thermal activation characteristics of the 115°C peak have been examined. The activation energy of the 115°C peak is ∼0.61 eV. An exponential relation between the intensity of the 190°C peak and the dose is established by a curve fitting. Emission processes of the peaks are discussed.     

On the use of MWCVD diamond as thermoluminescent gamma dosimeter

The thermoluminescence (TL) characterization of microwave plasma assisted chemical vapor deposition diamond (MWCVD) films of 6 and 12 μm thickness grown on (1 0 0) silicon substrates was performed. The films exhibited a single well-resolved TL peak around 580 K at doses lower than 40 Gy. As the irradiation dose increased the TL peak broaden and shifted towards the low temperature side of the glow curve. The diamond samples exposed to 0.67 Gy/min ⁶⁰Co gamma radiation displayed a linear dose behavior up to 100 Gy being non-linear for higher doses. The 12 μm film showed lower TL efficiency as compared to the 6 μm specimen. The discrepancy was attributed to the non-uniform distribution of nucleated sp³ diamond and sp² bonded carbon on the substrate as revealed by SEM micrograph and Raman spectroscopy of the samples. The integrated TL glow curve of the samples exhibited low room temperature thermal fading and 3% reproducibility. The results show that MWCVD diamond films possess promising properties for radiation dosimetry applications.     

The thermoluminescent properties of natural calcium fluoride for radiation dosimetry

The characteristics of natural calcium fluoride from Çiçekda?? Massif (Akçakent) in Turkey have been studied by analysing its thermoluminescence glow curve structure between 30 and 450 °C for the purpose of radiation dosimetry. A variety of thermoluminescence measurement regimes have been examined to determine the most effective and appropriate annealing temperature, heating rate and dose range for the proper and accurate use of this phosphorescent material. After a high temperature annealing as TL readings, optimum values for low temperature annealing and heating rate were obtained as 60 °C for 24 h and 1 °C s^?1, respectively. In the dose range of 0.5 Gy–1 kGy, the intensity of individual glow peaks and overall glow curve shape changed. The peak intensities of all glow curves located at 100 and 120 °C (overlapping considerably), and at 215 °C, at 310, 350 and 410 °C (overlapping) increase linearly with increasing ionizing radiation over a range of from 0.5 Gy to 10 Gy.     

Thermoluminescence kinetic parameters of Bi4Ge3O12 single crystals

In this work, we present a detailed kinetic study of the thermoluminescence of Bi₄Ge₃O₁₂ (BGO) single crystals grown by the Czochralski technique. A single crystalline phase was confirmed through X-ray diffraction pattern analysis based on the Rietveld profile refinement method. The thermoluminescent (TL) glow curves were induced by UV or beta radiation and measured between 20 °C and 200 °C. The glow curves of BGO crystal presented two peaks at 61 °C and 90 °C for both kinds of radiation. The kinetic parameters, kinetic order (b), activation energy (E) and frequency factor (s), of the TL glow curves have been determined by four different methods. The lifetime of the peaks at room temperature was also determined and used to discuss the stability of the TL peaks at room temperature.     

Effect of annealing in thermostimulated luminescence (TSL) on natural blue colour calcite crystals

The thermostimulated luminescence (TSL) glow curve characteristics of 10 blue coloured calcite crystals of Southern Tamilnadu are analysed. The natural thermoluminescence (NTL) measurements were carried out for all the samples and annealed in air at the temperatures ranging from 200 to 700 °C, at an interval of 50 °C, for 1 h duration. The glow curves of annealed and unannealed samples irradiated with a gamma dose of 500 Gy show three peaks at 145, 255 and 345 °C, respectively, when recorded with a linear heating rate of 10 °C/s. Annealing treatment above 400 °C increases the sensitivity of all TSL peaks except 345 °C. On the other hand, annealing at 700 °C caused a collapse in the TSL sensitivity. The enhancement in TSL sensitivity was found to depend on the annealing temperature and time. Annealing treatment at 600 °C for 5 h followed by quenching in air is the optimum conditions for TSL sensitization. The response to gamma irradiation is linear in the range from 1 to 10⁴ Gy. The emission spectra of all the samples show an emission at around 610 nm but with different intensities for each sample. With reference to earlier work, it may be assumed that the recombination site always involves Mn²⁺ ions.