MMI75,MVI150,MVI500中粘度指数基础油的研制

基础油是润滑油的基本调合组分，其成润滑油的性质和使用性能有着重要影响，原油不同，基础油性质也不同，为了从南阳原油中开发出新润滑油产品，为炼油厂的生产和设计提供依据，本文通过对南阳原油特性的分析，基础油生产工艺的研究，工艺的条件，研制出了ＭＶＩ７５、ＭＶＩ１５０、ＭＶＩ５００三种规格的基础油产品，结果南阳原油适宜生产中粘度指数的基础油。     

我国润滑油基础油粘度指数的模式识别

本文讨论了我国润滑油基础油粘度指数与红外光谱信息的关系,应用计算机模式识别技术进行分类处理,建立了我国润滑油基础油粘度指数分类特征集,并通过了分类器的检验。研究结果表明,基础油的粘度指数与其红外光谱信息之间有密切关系;在模式空间中粘度指数的变化趋势明显;基础油的粘度指数分布有相当明显的地区性。本文还发展了一种基于k-NN法的半定量粘度指数估算方法,用以解决一般模式识别技术难以解决的估值问题。     

催化加氢生产高粘度指数基础油的探讨

介绍加氢工艺技术对非润滑油型原油生产高粘度指数基础油的探讨，通过大量数据，重点论述几种加氢处理联合工艺从各种油料生产高粘度指数、很高粘度指数和超高粘度指数基础油的情况，建议我国加快润滑油加氢处理工艺研究，及早投入生产，以满足国内外市场的需要。     

基础油及粘度指数改进剂对润滑油高温清净性的影响

用成焦板（或成漆板）试验法考察了基础油及粘度指数改进剂对润滑油高温清净性的影响。结果表明,基础油的粘度和粘度指数改进剂对油品的高温清净性有很大影响;粘度较大的基础油的高温清净性明显优于低粘度的基础油,在低粘度的基础油中加入一些重组分,可明显改善油品的高温清净性;而在油品中加入粘度指数改进剂会使油品的高温清净性变差,非分散型粘度指数改进剂的负面影响更大。     

近红外分析方法测定润滑油基础油粘度指数

采用PLS校正方法建立了近红外光谱－粘度指数校正模型,能够覆盖多种源油、多种工艺及牌号的基础油。使用该模型对23个样品的对比测定结果表明,验证集标准误差（SEV）为2．13。成对t检验结果表明,近红外分析方法与标准分析方法测定的粘度指数没有显著性差别,具有重现性好、分析速度快,结果准确等特点,可以代替传统方法进行润滑油基础油粘度指数的测定。     

由蜡膏下蜡下油研制很高及超高粘度指数的润滑油基础油

蜡膏和蜡下油是溶剂脱蜡工艺生产润滑油基础油的副产物,一般只用作催化裂化原料。石油化工科学研究院的中型试验结果表明,蜡膏和蜡下油通过加氢处理,在氢分压10－15MPa,反应温度350－400℃及体积空速为0．5－1．0的操作条件下,可以研制出符合APIⅢ类标准的很高及超高粘度指数（VHVI及VHVI）的润滑油基础油。     

粘度指数改进剂的低温性能

考察了聚甲基丙烯酸酯,乙烯丙烯共聚物,苯乙烯异戊二烯共聚物和聚乙烯正丁基醚粘度指数改进剂对基础油倾点和低温动力粘度的影响,其中聚甲基丙烯酸酯具有良好的低温性能。     

加氢法制取润滑油基础油的工艺技术

以辽河、新疆、胜利、大庆原油和含硫油的润滑油馏分为原料,采用加氢技术制取润滑油基础油。中型试验结果表明,采用高压加氢处理、溶剂精制－中压加氢处理技术,配以溶剂脱蜡可以制取氧化安定性好的ＨＶＩ润滑油基础油;采用加氢处理／加氢异构脱脱蜡／加氢补充精制工艺,制取氧化安定性和低温流生好的ＨＶＩ和ＶＨＶＩ润滑油基础油也是可行的。与传统润滑油生产工艺相比,加氢法具有目的的产品收率高、质量好等优点。     

基础油的分类标准及质量影响因素

介绍了美国石油学会,Shell公司,中国石化和中国石油的基础油分类标准.阐述了饱和烃,硫和氮对基础油质量的影响.提高基础油中的饱和烃含量并降低硫、氮含量可以改善基础油的质量和对添加剂的感受性.     

基础油与粘度指数改进剂对CF-4油使用性能的影响

选用沃尔沃、奔驰重负荷卡车对自主研发的CF-415W／40分别选用不同基础油、不同粘度指数改进剂进行2万km的实车使用试验,考察了油品衰变过程对发动机油使用性能的影响,重点讨论了乙丙共聚物OCP和氢化苯乙烯异戊二烯HSD的综合性能,得出CF-4油采用不同基础油、不同粘度指数改进剂在行车试验中变化趋势大致相同;半结晶OCP在较低温度下产生胶冻,在用油低温性能泵送性差,易造成供油不足导致早期磨损。     

Preparation and Evaluation of Acrylate Polymers as Viscosity Index Improvers for Lube Oil

This work is confined to the preparation and characterization of acrylate polymeric additives. These additives were prepared by esterification of acrylic acid with different alcohols (decyl, 1-dodecyl, 1-tetradecyl, and hexadecyl) and then copolymerization of the prepared esters with different moles of styrene. The molecular weights of the prepared copolymers were determined by GPC. The efficiency of the prepared copolymers for improving the viscosity index of the lube oil was studied. It was found that the efficiency increases with increasing the molecular weight of the prepared copolymers.     

提高润滑油基础油质量方法的探讨

南阳炼油厂由于在南阳稀油中掺炼南阳稠油,使润滑油基础油粘度指数降低、氧化安定性变差。本文介绍了南阳混合原油脱蜡油性质、润滑油基础油的粘度指数及氧化安定性与油品组成的关系。通过对调入高粘度指数的基础油、加大白土补充精制的白土加入量、对精制溶剂的改性、糠醛溶剂加入抗氧剂、WSQ-2脱氮剂液相脱氮工艺等方法的比较,探讨了如何利用现有装置提高基础油粘度指数、改善其氧化安定性的途径。     

低温高粘度指数干式气柜密封油的研制

文章针对干式气柜,参考国内外相关标准,并与用户协商,制定出低温高粘度指数气柜密封油协议标准。结合石蜡基基础油粘温性能佳和环烷基基础油低温性能好的优势,再添加经筛选的功能添加剂,研制出符合协议标准的产品,生产气柜密封油500t。用户使用两年后反映设备运行状态良好。     

The Influence of Paraffinic Base Oil on Low-temperature Viscosity of Naphthenic Base Oil

Low-temperature viscosity of lube oils mixed with paraffinic base oil and naphthenic base oil at different mass ratios has been tested by experiments. The influence of paraffinic base oil on the performance of naphthenic base oil was investigated by studying the low-temperature viscosity of tested oils. The viscosity of lube oils increased with an increasing content of high-viscosity paraffinic base oil in the oil mixture. And the low-temperature viscosity was less influenced when the content of paraffinic base oil in the mixture was insignificant. In order to reduce the cost for formulating lubricating oil, a small fraction of paraffinic base oil can be added into naphthenic base oil as far as the property of lubricating oil can meet the specification. According to the study on low-temperature viscosity of the oil mixed with paraffinic base oil and naphthenic base oil, a basic rule was worked out for the preparation of qualified lubricating oils.     

八面河油田稠油掺水降粘集输技术

为了降低八面河油田稠油集输环节的生产运行成本,针对生产所需的稀油资源相对贫乏,污水资源相对充足且管理方便的实际情况,大力开展稠油集输掺污水降粘试验,对稠油掺污水降粘集输的现状、机理和生产工艺进行分析,形成了和目前油田生产相配套的典型工艺设计,基本解决各区块稠油开采集输问题,实现了油田污水余热资源的有效利用。在掺水降粘集输技术成功应用的同时,八面河油田还针对实际生产中存在的问题展开研究,确立了今后的科技攻关课题。     

Synthesis and Evaluation of Viscosity Index Improvers and Pour Point Depressant for Lube Oil

In the present work, four compounds were prepared by copolymerization of maleic anhydride with tetradecene to give (A), and then the copolymer (A) was esterified by a series of n-alkanol having different alkyl chain length. The compositions of prepared compounds were determined by molecular weight and by IR spectroscopy. The efficiency of the prepared compounds as viscosity index improvers for lube oil was studied. From the data, it was found that the efficiency as viscosity index improvers increases by increasing the concentration of these additives and by increasing the alkyl chain length of the alcohol used. The efficiency of the prepared compounds as pour point depressants for lube oil was studied also and shows that the prepared compounds depress the pour point of the lube oil successfully.     

Synthesis and Evaluation of Viscosity Index Improvers and Pour Point Depressant for Lube Oil

Abstract

In the present work, four compounds were prepared by copolymerization of maleic anhydride with tetradecene to give (A), and then the copolymer (A) was esterified by a series of n-alkanol having different alkyl chain length. The compositions of prepared compounds were determined by molecular weight and by IR spectroscopy. The efficiency of the prepared compounds as viscosity index improvers for lube oil was studied. From the data, it was found that the efficiency as viscosity index improvers increases by increasing the concentration of these additives and by increasing the alkyl chain length of the alcohol used. The efficiency of the prepared compounds as pour point depressants for lube oil was studied also and shows that the prepared compounds depress the pour point of the lube oil successfully.     

油罐基础泄漏检测系统的设计

介绍了在石油化工项目罐基础设计施工中泄漏检测系统的应用,结合工程实例探讨实践中出现的问题及处理方法。     

大庆原油掺炼萨里尔原油生产润滑油基础油

介绍了使用大庆原油掺混50%萨里尔原油试生产润滑油基础油期间,各装置的加工情况并对产品性能指标进行了对比。萨里尔原油酸值小,硫、氮含量较低,属于轻质低硫石蜡基原油,适宜生产润滑油基础油。试生产结果表明:通过优化装置的操作条件,减二线可以生产黏度指数大于90的满足HVIIb等级要求的润滑油基础油,减三线可以生产黏度指数大于80的满足HVIIa等级要求的润滑油基础油。     

高聚物改善油品黏度指数的机理

黏度指数改进剂改善油品黏度指数的机理,通常认为是由于高聚物加入基础油中改善了黏温性能从而改善了黏度指数。通过研究增稠能力的升降随温度的变化以及高聚物与基础油的Hildbrand溶度参数差值的数据,发现广泛使用的OCP、Shellvis和PIB等高聚物在大幅度提高油品黏度指数的同时,反而使油品黏温性能变差,PMA只有辛酯有所改善而其他长链酯均不改善,浓度升高黏度指数也升高而黏温性能不变,甚至某些复合剂也提高黏度指数。研究证明了Andrede公式（η=AeQ^Q/RT）中的黏温活化能Q可以很好地表征基础油和稠化油的黏温性能,使用Q定量地分析了ASTMD2270中黏度指数和黏温性能的关系,在同一黏度级别的中性油中,黏度指数很好地代表了黏温性能;相同黏度指数的轻馏分基础油的黏温性能比重馏分好很多。只要加入高聚物,无论此高聚物是否改善了基础油的黏温性能,稠化轻的基础油成为较重的多级油就提高了黏度指数,就具有比相应的重单级油好很多的黏温性能。