共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
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随着器官移植教学的广泛开展,在教学中常会遇到一系列复杂的伦理道德问题。本文分析了教学中可能出现的伦理问题,提出应立足我国国情,以发展的眼光看待问题,在教学中以法律为准绳,以道德为支撑,正确引导,同时注意学员伦理决策能力的培养。 相似文献
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目的:探讨分析器官移植临床应用所引发和面临的的伦理学问题,寻求合理有效的解决方案。方法:从器官移植基本伦理原则、价值利益、法律、道德等角度,对非亲属间器官移植、亲属间器官移植、异种器官移植、特殊器官移植等方面所涉及的社会伦理学问题进行分析、对比、探讨伦理学方面的合理性和可行性。结果:倡导在器官移植领域保留和开展那些符合伦理道德、合理、合法的临床器官移植应用,摒弃不合伦理情理法理的做法,并为器官移植科研和临床应用提供一定的伦理学依据。结论:器官移植临床应用面临的伦理学问题内容广泛而复杂,临床应用一定要通过仔细全面的伦理学论证确保该移植项目在社会伦理、道德法律等方面均安全合理可行方可进行临床器官移植。 相似文献
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器官移植的社会伦理问题探讨 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的探讨分析器官移植临床应用所引发和面临的的伦理学问题,寻求合理有效的解决方案.方法从器官移植基本伦理原则、价值利益、法律、道德等角度,对非亲属间器官移植、亲属间器官移植、异种器官移植、特殊器官移植等方面所涉及的社会伦理学问题进行分析、对比、探讨伦理学方面的合理性和可行性.结果倡导在器官移植领域保留和开展那些符合伦理道德、合理、合法的临床器官移植应用,摒弃不合伦理情理法理的做法,并为器官移植科研和临床应用提供一定的伦理学依据.结论器官移植临床应用面临的伦理学问题内容广泛而复杂,临床应用一定要通过仔细全面的伦理学论证确保该移植项目在社会伦理、道德法律等方面均安全合理可行方可进行临床器官移植. 相似文献
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器官移植在我国虽然有较大发展,但与西方发达国家相比,仍有较大差距.本文具体分析了人们道德观念对我国开展器官移植的影响,并提出了相应的对策. 相似文献
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被誉为20世纪"医学之巅"的人体器官移植技术,是治疗终末期疾病最有效的方法。该技术发展迅猛,取得了举世瞩目的重大进步。但由于现代生物高科技的介入,器官移植过程中出现的道德观念的异化和非人性化倾向逐渐暴露。这一技术在恩泽人类,给人类带来莫大福祉的同时,也给人类带来了严峻的伦理挑战,使受体、供体和医生都陷入了不同的伦理困境。这一系列的伦理难题使人类伦理背负起沉重的十字架。本文通过检索文献从伦理学角度对其进行辨析,并试图在实践伦理层面上寻找其解决途径,引导人们以理性的态度去对待器官移植的伦理问题。 相似文献
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在器官移植实施过程中,中国医生面临公正器官分配的伦理责任;面临着中晚期肝癌移植手术适应证的掌控带来的资源浪费的伦理责任;面临通过供体器官移植传播HIV和HCV传染病的风险责任。医生应具备伦理和法律观念,化解风险,承担责任,积极推进器官移植事业健康发展。 相似文献
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心脑血管合并症是导致长期存活器官移植患者移植器官功能死亡的主要原因之一。在导致心脑动脉硬化的诸多因素中,高脂血症是其中最重要的原因。文章详细地论述了不同免疫抑制剂对血脂的影响,包括皮质类固醇激素、环孢霉素、他克莫司、西罗莫司、吗替麦考酚酯、硫唑嘌呤等,最终发现吗替麦考酚酯是对血脂影响最小的药物之一。 相似文献
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近年来国际医学伦理学的焦点关注内容是器官移植中的活体器官移植.只有完整完善对活体器官捐献的医学伦理学方面的审核,才能尽可能地阻止各种形式的器官买卖与各类类似的非法交易.本文从伦理学角度,探讨了器官移植面临的伦理道德问题.发展器官移植事业,需要更进一步改进和更新相关的伦理学理念和移植措施. 相似文献
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目的 探讨对器官移植术后受者人类巨细胞病毒 (HCMV)感染的早期、快速诊断。方法 以 12 2例器官移植术后患者为研究对象 ,采集移植术后 2~ 12周内外周血 32 8份。利用抗HCMV单克隆抗体 ,建立了免疫组化Envision二步法。检测外周血白细胞中的HCMV抗原。并观察该法在早期诊断活动性HCMV感染中的价值。结果 32 8份外周血标本中 ,HCMV抗原阳性 135份 (4 1 2 % )。阳性细胞数为 3 0~ 6 8 0个 / 5万白细胞 ,平均 (15 3± 6 8)个 / 5万白细胞。 5 8例患者出现HCMV活动性感染 (4 7 5 % ) ,其中 35例发展为HCMV病。HCMV病患者和无症状HCMV感染者的HCMV阳性细胞数平均分别为 (2 3 0± 13 6 )个 / 5万白细胞和 (15 2± 8 5 )个 / 5万白细胞 ,两者差异具有显著性 (P <0 0 5 )。结论 Envision二步法检测HCMV抗原具有简便 ,快速等优点 ,且能区分潜伏感染和活动性感染 ,其结果与患者的临床症状相关 ,可作为临床对HCMV感染的早期快速诊断 ,为预防及指导HCMV感染的抗病毒治疗提供依据。 相似文献
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Transfusion medicine holds a place of prime importance in organ transplant surgeries. There is a huge demand of organs worldwide with long waiting periods before the organ is available for transplant. Currently the dependency on ABO and HLA matching has decreased considerably with the use of modern immunosuppressant drugs and transplant techniques. The greatest advance in clinical implementation of ABO-incompatible transplants came about through desensitization and isoagglutinin elimination techniques with immunoadsorption and anti-CD20 antibodies becoming the norm, and spleenectomy fading out. The implications and practices of transfusion medicine in organ transplant are also undergoing drastic changes. The practice of infusion of one unit of donor''s blood preoperatively for immunomodulation is no longer practiced. Use of leuco-reduced products has shown decreasing trends of alloimmunization and graft rejection in cases of multiple surgeries related to organ transplants. Worldwide donor and recipient registry programmes are being setup and existing ones are being upgraded. Such a registry system has been opened in India for kidney transplant cases very recently. Due to such registry programmes the dependency on siblings and directed donations have decreased considerably. This review deals with some of the current issues contributing to the successful outcome of mismatched transplants and the changing concepts of transfusion medicine related to it. 相似文献
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Transfusion medicine holds a place of prime importance in organ transplant surgeries. There is a huge demand of organs worldwide with long waiting periods before the organ is available for transplant. Currently the dependency on ABO and HLA matching has decreased considerably with the use of modern immunosuppressant drugs and transplant techniques. The greatest advance in clinical implementation of ABO-incompatible transplants came about through desensitization and isoagglutinin elimination techniques with immunoadsorption and anti-CD20 antibodies becoming the norm, and spleenectomy fading out. The implications and practices of transfusion medicine in organ transplant are also undergoing drastic changes. The practice of infusion of one unit of donor's blood preoperatively for immunomodulation is no longer practiced. Use of leuco-reduced products has shown decreasing trends of alloimmunization and graft rejection in cases of multiple surgeries related to organ transplants. Worldwide donor and recipient registry programmes are being setup and existing ones are being upgraded. Such a registry system has been opened in India for kidney transplant cases very recently. Due to such registry programmes the dependency on siblings and directed donations have decreased considerably. This review deals with some of the current issues contributing to the successful outcome of mismatched transplants and the changing concepts of transfusion medicine related to it. 相似文献