Highly sensitive and selective ethanol sensors based on flower-like ZnO nanorods

A simple and easy hydrothermal process has been employed to synthesize flower-like ZnO products consisting of numerous orderly oriented and bundled nanorods.The structure and morphology of the novel ZnO structure are characterized in detail.The flower-like ZnO-nanorod-based gas sensors are investigated for their ethanoi-sensing properties,and the results reveal that the sensors exhibit a high response of 143.6 to 1000 ppm ethanol and good selectivity at the optimal operating temperature of 250℃.The effect of the flower-like morphology on the response of the gas sensors to ethanol is also investigated.     

Ce3+-Gd3+ co-doped high efficiency oxide glasses and transfer efficiency from Gd3+ to Ce3+

The rare earth Ce3+ ion doped SiO2-B2O3-BaO-Gd2O3 system is synthesized by high-temperature melting method. The density, transmission, excitation spectra and scintillating properties of the glasses are investigated. The results indicate that all the samples have good physical and scintillating properties. The emission peak wavelength of all samples is 390 nm under X-ray radiation. Gd3+ ions have a negative impact on scintillating properties when its concentration reaches a certain level. Gd3+ ions sensitize the luminescence of Ce3+ ions, and the ideal concentration is 15 mol% for Gd3+ ions. Also the decay characteristics of Ce3+ and Gd3+ ions are investigated. These samples have potential practical applications in high energy physics.     

The optical properties of Tm3+ doped Na5Lu9F32 single crystal

Tm3+ doped Na5Lu9F32 single crystal with high optical quality was grown by an improved Bridgman method. The Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters Ωt (t=2, 4, 6) were calculated according to the measured absorption spectra and physical-chemical properties of the obtained Na5Lu9F32 single crystal. The stimulated emission cross-section of the 3F4→3H6 transition (~1.8 μm) is 0.35×10-20 cm2 for Tm3+ doped Na5Lu9F32 single crystal. The emission spectra under the excitation of 790 nm laser diode (LD) and fluorescence lifetime at 1.8 μm were measured to reveal the fluorescence properties of Tm3+ doped Na5Lu9F32 single crystal. The research results show that the Tm3+ doped Na5Lu9F32 single crystal has larger stimulated emission cross-section compared with other crystals. All these spectral properties suggest that this kind of Tm3+doped Na5Lu9F32 crystal with high physical-chemical stability and high-efficiency emission at 1.8 μm may be used as potential laser materials for optical devices.     

Growth and optical properties of Dy3+/Eu3+ co-doped NaYF4 single crystals with cubic lattice for white LED application

Dy3+/Eu3+ co-doped cubic lattice NaYF4 single crystal with high quality in the size of ~Φ1.0 cm×10.0 cm was grown by an improved Bridgman method using potassium fluoride (KF) as assistant flux. X-ray diffraction (XRD), absorption spectra, excitation spectra and emission spectra are measured to investigate the phase and luminescent properties of the crystal. The effects of excitation wavelength and concentrations of Dy3+ and Eu3+ ions on the luminescent characteristics are analyzed. The NaYF4 single crystal with the doping molar concentrations of 1.205% Dy3+ and 0.366% Eu3+ exhibits an excellent white light emission with chromaticity coordinates of x=0.321, y=0.332. It indicates that the Dy3+/Eu3+ co-doped cubic lattice NaYF4 single crystal can be a potential luminescent material for the ultraviolet (UV) light excited white light emitting diode (w-LED).     

基于二维有序分立胶体晶体模板制备的金属薄膜透射谱的研究

We studied the infrared transmission properties of gold films on ordered two-dimensional nonclose- packed polystyrene （PS） colloidal crystal. The gold films consist of gold half-shells on the PS spheres and gold film with 2D arrays of holes on the glass substrate. An extraordinary optical transmission phenomenon could be found in such a structure. Simulations with the finite-difference time-domain method were also employed to get the transmission spectra and electric field distribution. The transmission response of the samples can be adjusted by controlling the thickness of the gold films. Angle-resolved measurements were performed using polarized light to obtain more information about the surface plasmon polariton resonances of the gold films. As the angle changes, the transmission spectra change a lot. The transmission spectra of p-polarized light have quite different properties compared to those of s-polarized light.     

Solvent and Temperature Effects on Spectral Properties of Two Poly （3-alkyl） thiophene Derivatives

Two alkyl substituted polythiophene derivatives : poly (3-hexylthiophene) ( P3 HT) and poly ( 3- decyhhiophene) (P3DT), have synthesized by oxidation coupling polymerization of 3-alkylthiophene using iron (Ⅲ) chloride as catalyst in chloroform. While both polymers in pure chloroform solution have maximum absorption at approximately same wavelength of 440 nm, they behave differently with respect to changes observed on their UV-visible and photoluminescence spectra when the quality of the poor solvent is changed in good solvent (chloroform) / poor solvent (methanol) mixtures. With increasing volume fraction of methanol in mixtures, the absorption spectra of P3HT and P3DT red-shift, peaking at maximum wavelength of 495 nm (P3HT) and 510 nm(P3DT). Furthermore, the absorption spectra of the two polymers in chloroform blueshift as the temperature rises. P3HT shows 4.73 nm blue-shifts at 50 ℃ in contrast to the case at 20 ℃, while P3DT blue-shifts about 5.04 nm. The photoluminescence spectra of the two polymers in mixed solution are also investigated, which show that the luminescence spectra shift to longer wavelength with an accompanying drop in the PL intensity as methanol is increased. The absorption and emission spectra of the two polymers in a poor solvent and a thin film are similar, which indicate that a similar longer conjugation length in the two cases. It could conclude that the polymers exist almost the same conformations and aggregations in both a poor solvent and a thin film. P3DT exhibits more sensitive spectra properties (big red-shifts in both absorption and luminescence spectra in poor solvents and large blue-shifts at high temperature) with contrast to P3HT, which imply that long side alkyl may improve the chromic properties of the polymer.     

应用于核辐射探测器的CdMnTe晶体的缺陷研究

A laser scanning confocal microscope(LSCM) and a field-emission scanning electron microscope(FESEM) were used to study the defects in CdMnTe crystals,such as twin boundaries,Te inclusions,and dislocations. Twin boundaries were usually decorated with Te inclusions,which could induce dislocations.The optical,electrical properties and detector performance of CdMnTe crystals with twins and free of twins were compared.The results showed that the wafers with a high density of twins usually had lower average IR transmittance and poorer crystalline quality.Besides,the energy spectra indicated that twin boundaries in a CdMnTe detector had a negative effect on detector performance;the values of both the energy resolution and(μτ)_e were nearly half of those for a single crystal detector.     

Design of a sinc-sampled fiber Bragg grating fabricated in high birefringence fiber

In this paper we design a new kind of sinc-sampled fiber Bragg grating which is fabricated in high birefringence fiber (HBF). The sampled grating has two sets of reflection spectra along two perpendicular polarization directions. The grating’s channel number can be doubled approximately by designing the refractive index difference between the fast and slow axes of the fiber, which enhances the utilization ratio and reduces the claim for photosensitivity of the fiber. The group delay characteristics are theoretically studied and side-lobes are depressed by apodization as well to get the optimized spectra. The results show that the comb-like spectra of the grating have promising applications in both multi-wavelength polarized fiber lasers and fiber sensing networks.     

X-band circularly polarized rectennas for microwave power transmission applications

Circularly polarized rectennas operating at X-band are studied in this paper. The quasi-square patches fed by aperture coupling are used as the circularly polarized receiving antennas, which are easily matched and integrated with the circuits of rectennas. The： double-layer structure not only minimizes the size of the rectennas but also decreases the effects of the circuits on the antenna. The receiving elements have broader bandwidth and higher gain than the single-layer patches. Two rectennas operating at 10GHz are designed, fabricated and measured. The voltage of 3.86V on a load of 200Ω is measured and a high RF-DC conversion efficiency of 75% is obtained at 9.98GHz. It is convenient for this kind of rectennas to form large arrays for high power applications.     

High Power,Room Temperature Terahertz Emitters Based on Dopant Transitions in 6H-Silicon Carbide

Electrically pumped high power terahertz(THz) emitters that operated above room temperature in a pulse mode were fabricated from nitrogen-doped n-type 6H-SiC. The emission spectra had peaks centered on 5 THz and 12 THz(20 meV and 50 meV) that were attributed to radiative transitions of excitons bound to nitrogen donor impurities. Due to the relatively deep binding energies of the nitrogen donors, above 100 meV, and the high thermal conductivity of the SiC substrates, the THz output power and operating temperature were significantly higher than previous dopant based emitters.With peak applied currents of a few amperes, and a top surface area of 1 mm2, the device emitted up to 0.5 mW at liquid nitrogen temperature(77 K), and tens of microwatts up to 333 K. This result is the highest temperature of THz emission reported from impuritybased emitters.