女贞子中齐墩果酸的提取工艺及测定方法研究进展

齐墩果酸是女贞子中的主要有效成分。综述了近年来女贞子中齐墩果酸的提取工艺及测定方法。提取工艺包括溶剂提取法、半仿生提取法、超临界流体萃取法、超声波提取法和大孔树脂吸附法。测定方法包括薄层扫描色谱法、气相色谱法、高效液相色谱法和毛细管胶束电动色谱层析法。     

天然产物分离技术的新进展

本文对最新发展起来的高速逆流色谱，超临界流体色谱，高效毛细管电泳，胶束电动毛细管层析，微柱液相色谱和反复循环高效液相色谱法在分离天然产物中的应用作一简单介绍。     

环境水样中双酚A检测与分析方法的研究进展

总结了双酚A的物理、化学性质,以及对人体健康的危害等,介绍了环境水样中双酚A提取、分离以及检测方法,并对分光光度法、荧光法、毛细管电泳法、气相色谱法、气相色谱-质谱法、液相色谱法、液相色谱-质谱法、电化学分析法及酶联免疫法等检测与分析方法进行了综述。     

羰基化合物的检测方法及在生物质液化产业中的应用分析

综述了近年来羰基化合物的检测方法,主要包括分光光度法、荧光法、示波极谱法、色谱法等,重点介绍了毛细管电色谱法、固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱法、衍生化-液相色谱法、固相萃取-液相色谱-质谱法、液相微萃取-液相色谱法等色谱法各自的优缺点,为生物质液化产物及其树脂胶黏剂中羰基化合物的检测提供理论基础。     

胶束扫集毛细管电动色谱用于实验教学初探

现代职业教育提倡"教学做一体化"的教学模式,针对液相色谱设备昂贵,实验消耗多,教学成本较高等问题,首次提出在色谱分析基础实验教学中应用胶束扫集毛细管电动色谱技术,单次实验成本降低到约为高效液相色谱法的百分之一,大大提高实验经费使用效率,增加学生实践机会。并从方法原理、实验目的、实验方法设计、数据记录及处理等方面开展实例探讨。     

6种苯甲酸类化合物的HPCE优化分离

应用高效毛细管电泳法,采用正交设计法优化实验条件,通过两种常用电泳模式--区带毛细管电泳法和胶束电动毛细管色谱法对6种笨甲酸类化合物的分离进行了研究,确立了最佳分离条件.该方法快速、可靠、效果好.     

甲氰菊酯的高效液相色谱分析

甲氰菊酯是一种广谱、高效杀虫杀螨剂。文献报道的分析方法有气相色谱、毛细管色谱、薄层色谱、反相高效液相色谱,为配合我所甲氰菊酯的合成研究,我们采用正相高效液相色谱法对合成的甲氰菊酯进行定性定量分析,并作了气相色谱和高效液相色谱分析对照,说明该方法准确可靠、简便。     

化妆品中致敏性芳香物质分析方法研究进展

介绍了化妆品中致敏芳香物质检测的前处理技术,包括蒸馏法、固相萃取法、超临界流体萃取法和顶空法等,综述了国内外相关检测方法,包括气相色谱法、气相色谱-质谱法、气相色谱-三重四极杆质谱法、液相色谱法、液相色谱-串联质谱法、多维气相色谱法、多维气相色谱-质谱联用法等,详细介绍了各种方法的原理、优缺点及适用范围。展望了未来的研究方向,以期为化妆品中致敏性芳香物质检测技术的发展提供参考。     

中药有效成分提取技术及分析方法研究进展

本文结合国内外相关文献,综述了超临界流体萃取、固相萃取法及固相微萃取法、超声提取法、微波萃取法、高速逆流色谱提取法等提取分离新技术以及薄层色谱法、气相色谱法、毛细管电泳技术、高效液相色谱法、生物色谱法、超临界流体色谱法、色谱联用技术、多维色谱法等分析技术在中药有效成分提取和分析中的应用,同时对红外光谱法与基因工程技术进行简单介绍,为中药制剂工业生产提供参考。     

独一味及其制剂的分析方法研究进展

独一味是藏族传统用药，用于治疗各种出血症。本文总结了独一味药材及其制剂的分析方法，为提高其质量标准提供参考。分析方法有液相色谱法、液相色谱-质谱联用法、气相色谱-质谱联用法、毛细管电泳法、超高效合相色谱法、紫外可见分光光度法、核磁共振氢谱法和电感耦合等离子体光谱法，其中液相色谱法最为常用。后续建议在质量标志物理论的指导下，较为全面地分析和预测其质量内涵，并选用合适的分析方法对其质量进行评价。     

Analysis of individual phospholipids by high-performance capillary electrophoresis

A method of analysis for determination of phospholipids by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MECC) has been developed. Sodium cholate (NaCh) was found suitable as the micellar phase, and 1-propanol was important in obtaining an efficient separation of individual phospholipids and as organic solvent required for acceptable solubility of the phospholipids. With equal volatility of water and organic modifier, only minor changes in effects from the modifier occur during analysis. The influence of changes in high-performance capillary electrophoresis-MECC separation conditions were evaluated in terms of migration time, relative migration time (RMT), relative normalized area (RNA), resolution and theoretical plates per meter. The method has several advantages compared to high-performance liquid chromatography: The total time of analysis is less than 25 min, and only small amounts of reagents and sample are required. Relative standard deviations were 0.26–0.48% for RMT, 1.7–2.9% for RNA, and in the linearity test correlation coefficients of 0.999 were obtained. Results from analyses of the phospholipid compositions of soybean and rapeseed lecithins are presented.     

Analysis of 3-Nitro-1,2,4-Triazole-5-One (NTO) in Explosive Mixtures by capillary electrophoresis

Recently a new explosive, 3-Nitro-1,2,4-triazole-5-one (NTO) has attracted interest as possible replacements for or inclusion in various military propellants and explosives. Analysis of NTO compounds as well as 14 other nitramine and nitroaromatic explosives could be accomplished by capillary electrophoresis using a technique known as MECC, micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography. A borate/boric acid buffer with sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) was used in conjunction with direct UV detection at 185 nm.     

环糊精及其衍生物在高效毛细管电泳手性拆分中的应用

高效毛细管电泳 ( HPCE)在手性拆分中的应用近年受到普遍关注。含有手性添加剂环糊精 ( CD)及其衍生物的毛细管区带电泳 ( CZE)和胶束电动毛细管色谱 ( MECC)拆分体系方面研究非常活跃。综述了 CD- CZE和 CD-MECC体系 ,探讨了各体系的拆分机理和各实验条件对拆分结果的影响。     

胶束毛细管电泳法测定有机磷农药的研究

本论文着重研究了毛细管胶束电泳-紫外检测氧乐果、乐果、敌百虫的分析方法。采用胶束电动毛细管色谱法(MEKC)技术对这三种有机磷农药进行分离,并研究了分析电压、表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)、电泳缓冲溶液浓度、有机改性剂(甲醇)、进样时间及pH值等对分离测定的影响。当分离电压为20kV,检测波长195nm,在pH值为8.50的150mmol/L硼砂-150mmol/L硼酸的缓冲液与11mmol/L十二烷基硫酸钠和4%甲醇的混合溶液中,在30mbar下进样15s的最佳条件下,3种有机磷农药在最短时间内达到基线分离。在优化条件下,用MEKC方法进行测试。它们的检测限分别为0.11μg/ml、0.06μg/ml、0.10μg/ml。迁移时间和峰高的变异系数分别为0.75%～1.9%、0.44%～0.76%。     

水中邻苯二甲酸二甲酯的光催化氧化研究

以汞灯、氙灯为光源，TiO2为光催化荆，较系统的考察了催化剂用量、光强、反应时间、pH值等因素对水中邻苯二甲酸二甲酯降解的影响。结果表明，只有在催化剂和光源协同作用时，邻苯二甲酸二甲酯才可获得较快的分解，光催化氧化反应符合假一级反应动力学。TiO2的光催化氧化作用受pH值影响不大，催化剂用量有一最佳值。采用胶束电动毛细管电泳技术对邻苯二甲酸二甲酯的光催化降解反应过程进行了跟踪。     

Thermobalance hydropyrolysis of a bituminous coal sample and its macerals vitrinite and exinite: structural analysis of the relevant tars

Thermobalance hydropyrolysis experiments are carried out on a highly volatile coal sample and its main macerals, vitrinite and exinite. The results are discussed according to the characterization of the tars using ultrasound solvent extractions, extrography, liquid chromatography, capillary gas chromatography and mass spectrometry.     

Separations of Compounds of Biological and Environmental Interest by Micellar Electrokinetic Capillary Chromatography

Abstract

Important criteria for the effective separation of compounds of biological or environmental interest by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography are discussed. Efficiencies of approximately 100,000 plates/meter are achieved in the separations of samples of defivatized amines, aflatoxins, and hydroxy aromatic compounds. Laser fluorometric detection is shown to be capable of detecting subpicogram injected quantities. Organic solvents such as 2-propanol and acetonitrile are added to the aqueous mobile phases normally used to improve the separation of hydrophobic compounds, impart different selectiv-ities, and provide a means for gradient programming. Column diameter is found to influence efficiency, analysis time, and detection.     

离子液体在色谱分析中的应用

综述了近年来国内外离子液体在色谱分析中的应用情况,主要包括离子液体用作气相色谱固定相,液相色谱流动相或流动相添加剂,以及毛细管电泳电解质、添加剂或涂布于毛细管壁上分离各种物质。     

A Linear Soivation Energy Relationship Study of the Effects of Surfactant Chain Length on the Chemical Interactions Governing Retention and Selectivity in Micellar Electrokinetic Capillary Chromatography Using Sodium Alkyl Sulfate Elution Buffers

ABSTRACT

We have used linear solvation energy relationships (LSERs) to study the fundamental chemical interactions responsible for solute retention in micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MEKC). We investigated retention in micellar solutions of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), sodium decyl sulfate (SDecS), and sodium octyl sulfate (SOS). The purpose of the study was to elucidate the effect of surfactant chain length on the solute/micelle interactions that ultimately govern retention and selectivity in MEKC. The nature of the solute/micelle interactions were found to be nearly equivalent in all three systems, implying that the chromatographic selectivity in all three systems will be quite similar. Additionally, the LSERs show that solute size and hydrogen bond basicity play the largest roles in determining solute retention and chromatographic selectivity. Finally, from the LSERs and an analysis of the free energy of transfer of methylene units from water to the micellar phase (δ). we conclude that the solutes reside in the polar, hydrated head group region of the micelles, and not in the nonpolar core. Based on the δ, values for five different homologous solute series, the effect of the solutes' functional groups on the location and orientation of the solutes inside the micelles is briefly discussed.