共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
大气中SO2的液相氧化研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
大气中SO2液相氧化是形成酸雨的重要途径,降雨中含有各种无机离子和有机物质,它们可能催化或抑制液相氧化反应的进行。本文根据四川酸雨样品组成,进行了SO2在模拟雨水及实际雨水中的氧化实验,考查了V,Fe,Mn等离子对SO2氧化的催化作用,H2O2对SO2的氧化以及降水中有机物质甲醛对各反应的影响。实验结果为了解酸雨的成固,研究酸雨控制对策提供了科学依据。 相似文献
2.
3.
土壤环境条件对农药戊唑醇光化学降解影响分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本实验采用了HP-1100型高效液相色谱仪,分析不同条件下土壤中戊唑醇浓度为20.36mg/kg时,在高压汞灯光照下的光降解处理情况。实验表明戊唑醇在土壤中的光解规律符合化学反应一级动力学方程,但在不同环境条件土壤中的光解速率存在较大的差异。影响戊唑醇光化学降解的因素有:光源、土壤湿度、来源水、土壤成分、pH以及光敏剂、催化剂和氧化剂等。 相似文献
4.
4种有机农药在水中的光降解对比研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了解不同化学结构有机农药的光降解规律,以汞灯、氙灯为光源,在实验室中同时测定四种有机农药阿特拉津、异丙隆、灭草隆以及2,4-D丁酯,研究其在水体中的光解特性。结果表明,4种农药的光降解均符合一级降解动力学(r~20.9)。直接光解途径下,降解速率在两种光源下均遵循MNATZ2,4-DIPU(汞灯下半衰期7, 22, 4, 14 min,氙灯下半衰期16, 239, 8, 39 h);间接光解途径下,四种有机农药中IPU更容易受硝酸根诱导而加速降解(k_(indirect)/k_(direct)=8),ATZ降解速率几乎没有变化(k_(indirect)/k_(direct)=1),光解速率遵循MN2,4-DIPUATZ。从有机农药母体分子结构出发,提出芳环上取代基不同与光解机理对不同种农药光解动力学的影响。 相似文献
5.
A/O~2法在炼油污水处理中的应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
为探索A/O2(厌氧Anaerobic/好氧Oxic/好氧Oxic)法在处理炼油污水中的应用,进行了A/O2法中型试验,验证NH3-N容积负荷与去除率之间的关系,以及溶解氧、含油量对处理效果的影响等几项内容。A/O2法应用于炼油污水的处理是可行的,对COD、NH3-N、油、酚、SS等有很好的处理效果。将A/O2法应用于济南炼油厂,各构筑物运转正常,处理效果很好,完全达到国家排放标准。A/O2用来处理炼油污水,工艺可行、技术先进、经济合理,不仅对COD、氨氮去除率高,对其它排放指标去除率都很高。实践证明A/O2法用来处理炼油污水是完全可行的,济南炼厂污水处理的成功经验值得推广。 相似文献
6.
7.
8.
9.
以油田钻井废水为处理对象,采用基于臭氧的非均相催化氧化处理工艺,负载了MnO_2催化剂强化臭氧处理效果,实验对比分析单独臭氧化和非均相催化臭氧化的处理效果差异,确定最佳工艺参数条件。X射线衍射分析表明,过量浸渍法制备的催化剂中含有大量活性组分MnO_2,使非均相催化臭氧化去除钻井废水COD的效率提高了45.8%。经工艺优化后,确定非均相催化臭氧化处理钻井废水最佳条件为:催化剂加量50mg/L、反应pH值为11、反应温度20℃、臭氧浓度85mg/L、处理时间50min,此时废水COD最大去除率为83.1%。通过5次重复实验验证,催化剂和系统稳定性几乎不受影响,出水均达到GB 8978—1996《污水综合排放标准》一级标准。 相似文献
10.
《中国环境管理干部学院学报》2017,(5)
本实验采用水热反应法合成了形貌可控的磷酸铋纳米棒光催化剂,通过探索反应温度、时间等不同合成条件对磷酸铋形貌结构、催化性能的影响。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)及紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis)对样品的结构性能进行了表征。选取有机染料及酚类为目标降解物,在紫外光条件下考察了Bi PO4催化剂投加量、有机物初始浓度、双氧水等不同条件对光催化活性的影响;最佳催化条件下对煤化工废水中化学需氧量(COD)进行了去除并检测。 相似文献
11.
Trametes versicolor decolorized 2000 mg L(-1) of the mono-azo substituted naphthalenic dye Amaranth with no dye sorption observed visually. The changes in the toxicity were assessed over a period of 30 d for the dye-treated viable culture, control (no dye added), and a boiled culture treated with dye, using the Microtox Acute Toxicity assay. Before dye addition, the culture filtrate had some toxicity, which increased after the dye addition. The toxicity of the dye-treated culture decreased during the treatment. The loss of toxicity occurred at the same time, with the loss of color suggesting that detoxification is associated with decoloration. The change in pH was due to natural metabolic processes and had a small effect on detoxification. Because the toxicity of the treatment was similar to that of the control at the end of the treatment, the effluent seems to be safe for release into the environment, potentially rendering this treatment suitable for industrial application. 相似文献
12.
13.
泵站树状给水管网流量具有随机性,而这种随机性变化会直接影响管网的建设费用和动力费用.针对这-特点,应用随机规划原理,建立泵站树状给水管网机会约束模型,编写基于随机模拟的遗传算法程序求解该模型.机会约束模型能较客观地反映该管网的实际工况,使优化设计结果更符合实际. 相似文献
14.
15.
城镇化是推动我国经济社会发展的重要动力,在高速发展的同时,带来大量污染排放,威胁乡村环境质量与可持续发展。在对乡村生态环境问题剖析的基础上,从战略、实施、方式等层面探索解决思路,围绕科学规划、发展方式、基础建设、管理机制、宣传教育等方面分析关键点,加强乡村环境保护,保障城镇化建设健康发展,为促进农村农业持续发展提供持久动力。 相似文献
16.
阐释了信息产业专门化街区的内涵,结合对合肥市黄山路信息产业专门化街区构成要素的分类及其邻近度的分析,分别从空间结构演化、景观演化、功能演化三方面阐述了合肥市黄山路由"电子一条街"向"信息产业专门化街区"的总体演化阶段,探讨了信息产业专门化街区的未来发展趋势。 相似文献
17.
Günay Kocasoy 《Environmental management》1989,13(4):469-475
The increase in the number of tourists visiting a coast is desired by most of the countries for economic reasons. However, this increase in tourism may cause pollution of the sea. This can be only avoided by proper planning and by predicting the carrying capacity of the coast in terms of sea pollution. This is especially important for developing countries where part of the wastewater is discharged without any treatment into the sea.In the present study the beaches were classified according to their use — and consequently the amount of waste discharged into the sea — into four groups: (1) coasts that are used only for swimming and recreational purposes; (2) coasts used simultaneously for dwelling, swimming, and recreational purposes; (3) coasts along which only dwellings exist; and (4) natural and man-made harbors, i.e., coasts used as shelters. During the survey,40,320 observations were made between December 1985 and February 1988 to determine the effect of the number of tourists on seawater quality. The results obtained were analyzed by a multilinear regression program to obtain an empirical equation giving the extent of the sea pollution in terms of coliform concentration as a function of population density and some other environmental factors.The equations derived in this study enable the determination of the carrying capacity of a beach in terms of pollution as well as the expected degree of pollution corresponding to a given population density. Furthermore, it allows the prediction of the extra carrying capacity that can be obtained by improving the waste-disposal conditions. 相似文献
18.
19.
20.
燃煤二氧化硫控制技术应用概况 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
由燃煤引起的二氧化硫污染已成为大气环境中最主要的污染因子。为解决这个问题,我国结合国外的技术成果,进行了各种脱硫技术的研究。介绍了各种治理技术应用情况,并结合实际经验对其中应注意的问题给予评述。 相似文献