新型纳米硅/碳复合材料的制备及其电化学性能

为缓解纳米硅粉的体积膨胀,并有效提高其电导率,采用直流电弧等离子蒸发法和液相分散制备高纯、高分散性纳米硅粉,并以蔗糖为碳源,再与膨胀石墨复合,制备出一种新型纳米硅碳复合负极材料。研究结果表明:纯纳米硅在0.1C的倍率下首次放电比容量达到2 712mAh/g,但首次库伦效率仅为33.81%;所制备的纳米硅碳复合材料在0.1C的倍率下,首次充、放电容量分别为615mAh/g和917mAh/g,50个循环以后可逆比容量保持在495mAh/g,循环性能和倍率性能大大改善。     

锂离子电池硅碳复合负极材料的研究

以商品化纳米硅粉和沥青为原料,采用喷雾干燥热解法制得Si@C复合物.将Si@C复合物和人造石墨混合,制得Si@C/G硅碳复合材料作为锂离子电池的负极材料.借助X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)和电化学测试等方法,对Si@C复合物和Si@C/G复合材料的结构、形貌和电化学性能进行表征.结果表明,当硅碳复合材料中Si@C复合物和石墨的质量比为15∶85时,在100mA/g的恒电流下,首次放电比容量为695.4 mAh/g,首次库仑效率为86.1%,循环80周后容量仍有596.6mAh/g.     

功率对热等离子法制备纳米SiO的影响及其锂电池性能测试

利用热等离子发生器,分别在功率为13.2、14.3和15.4kW时制得了比表面积为84.16、126.26、172.02m~2/g的纳米SiO颗粒,与原始SiO颗粒比表面积1.95m~2/g相比,产物比表面积随等离子体功率升高而增大。TEM结果表明制备出的纳米SiO颗粒形貌为近球形,且随等离子体功率升高,得到的粒径越小分布越均匀。分别以3种功率制备纳米SiO为负极活性材料测试锂电池性能,首次放电容量分别为1 732、1 771、1 924mA·h/g,50次循环后其容量保持在313、316、395mA·h/g;而原始SiO颗粒首次放电容量约为1 291mA·h/g,50次循环后,容量保持在75mA·h/g,表明利用热等离子法制备的纳米SiO的电化学性能得到了极大的提升。     

生物质桦木屑柱状多孔碳自组装纳米硅复合负极材料

本文采用KOH碱活化刻蚀方法构建三维柱状结构的桦木屑衍生多孔碳材料用于负载高容量纳米硅（SiNP）颗粒,以缓解半导体硅材料本身导电性差及体积膨胀大的问题。所制备的硅碳负极电池材料具有稳定循环性能和优异的倍率性能,通过电化学测量结果显示,在0.5A/g的恒电流密度下桦木屑衍生柱状多孔碳材料负载高容量（20%）纳米硅粒子的复合材料具有较高的贮锂性能:初始放电容量为1099.98mAh/g, 经过200次循环后比容量仍然稳定在1089.77mAh/g。这项工作为负载高容量电极的核孔结构提供了一条有前景的新思路。     

镁热还原SiO材料及其电化学性能

硅基负极材料以其高容量、来源丰富、绿色环保等优点,成为理想的下一代锂离子电池负极材料。但纯硅的体积膨胀过大,限制了硅负极的应用。氧化亚硅(SiO)作为一种含硅负极,具有比纯硅更小的体积效应和更好的循环性能。目前氧化亚硅主要的问题之一是其首次库仑效率低,对此利用镁热还原反应,使氧化亚硅部分还原,同时控制产物中硅晶粒大小,用金属Al代替部分Mg,得到了硅晶粒粒径约为25 nm的复合材料,再通过沥青包覆得到最终碳包覆材料MgAl-SiO/C。通过对比镁热反应前后材料电性能,发现镁热反应后材料首效提高,但容量降低,循环性能变差;最终复合材料首次效率可达83. 7%,可逆容量1 471. 3 mAh/g。     

制备方法对硫/活性炭复合材料性能的影响

以升华硫和活性炭为原料,分别采用机械固相混合、液相混合和高温固相法制备了硫/活性炭复合正极材料,并用X射线衍射(XRD)、循环伏安(CV)、交流阻抗(EIS)、交换电流密度(j0)和恒流充放电测试考察了所得材料的结构及电化学性能.发现制备方法对复合材料的放电比容量和循环性能有明显影响,高温固相法制备的材料有更好的电化学性能,在0.1 C倍率下充放电,其首次放电比容量为465.3 mAh/g,分别是机械固相混合和液相混合所得样品放电比容量的5.8倍和2倍;10次循环后放电比容量仍然大于100 mAh/g.     

机械合金化LaNi5-26wt%Mg合金的结构及性能研究

采用X -射线衍射仪 (XRD)、扫描电子显微镜 (SEM)、差热分析仪 (DTA)及电池性能测试仪等研究了机械合金化及热处理等工艺因素对LaNi5 2 6wt%Mg合金的组织形貌、热稳定性及电化学贮氢性能等的影响。结果表明 :经 2 80r/min机械合金化 2 5 0h后 ,样品由镧、镁、镍等非晶和MgNi2 纳米晶(3 1nm)组成 ,颗粒形状为规则的球形或近球形 ,粒径为 0 0 6～ 12 6μm ,其中约有 95 %的颗粒的粒径为0 5～ 2 0 μm。该样品经首次充放电活化时即达到其最大的放电容量 (4 2 0mAh/g) ,具有较好的室温电化学活化特性。经 763K保温 3 5d ,样品由热稳定性较好的具有纳米尺度 (2 4 1nm)的Mg2 NiLa、Mg2 Ni、MgNi2 三相组成。     

三相碳改性磷酸铁锂复合材料的制备及其电化学性能研究

以磷酸铁、碳酸锂为原材料,葡萄糖、碳纳米管和石墨烯为导电剂,通过砂磨工艺及碳热还原法制备了高性能磷酸铁锂、无定型碳、石墨烯、碳纳米管复合正极材料LFP/C/G/CNTs。材料表征结果表明,碳纳米管、石墨烯和无定形碳与磷酸铁锂复合在一起,成功构建了高速电子传输网络; 电化学性能测试表明,LFP/C/G/CNTs具有良好的循环性能和倍率性能。在0.1C电流密度下,LFP/C/G/CNTs放电比容量为161.5 mAh/g; 在5C电流密度下,LFP/C/G/CNTs复合材料放电比容量仍达126.5 mAh/g; 在2C电流密度下,循环200次后,LFP/C/G/CNTs放电比容量152.1 mAh/g,容量保持率为99.6%。     

纳米铜粉对储氢合金电极电化学性能的影响

以直流电弧等离子法制备纳米铜粉,对比不同质量纳米铜粉取代镍粉作为导电剂对储氢电池负极材料AB5型储氢合金电极电化学性能的影响。结果表明,制备的铜粉为近球形颗粒,中粒径为150 nm。采用纳米铜粉取代镍粉作为导电剂后,可以显著改善储氢合金负极的充放电性能和高倍率性能,在1 800 m A/h的放电电流密度下,以纳米铜粉替代50%的镍粉作为导电剂,高倍率从7.65%提高至44.18%。纳米铜粉的电催化活性不如镍粉,但可以显著提高合金电极的导电性,改善动力学性能。     

MOF衍生碳包覆硅纳米颗粒限制于石墨烯复合负极材料的制备及性能研究

采用原位生长法设计并合成了MOF衍生碳包覆硅纳米颗粒限制于石墨烯的复合材料(Si/C@G),并应用于锂离子电池负极材料,该材料结构有效缓解硅基负极材料充放电过程的体积变化,促进了稳定的固态电解质中间相层的形成,提高了电极材料的电导率。Si/C@G负极材料在电流密度500 mA/g时经100次循环可逆比容量仍有1081.2 mAh/g;在电流密度5.0 A/g时其可逆容量达到949.6 mAh/g。Si/C@G负极在1.0 A/g的恒电流密度下循环500次后可逆比容量可保持在677.2 mAh/g左右,库仑效率可达99.84%,表现出良好的循环稳定性。     

Current situation and future trend of China rare earth luminescent material industry

<正>Rare earth luminescent material is one of the most important application sectors of rare earths.China enjoys the exceptional advantage to develop rare earth luminescent material for its abundant rare earth resources.After several decades'endeavor,China's rare earth luminescent material industry,headed by rare earth phosphor for lamp and LED and high efficient rare earth energy-saving light source,has been gradually developed into a scale industry.China has become a major production base of rare earth phosphor for lamps and rare earth     

China rare earth market review

正June 1~10,2014Rare earth market remained weak.Quoted price of rare earth products was similar to that in May.There was no sign of recovery in downstream market.The market of NdFeB magnetic materials and phosphor was depressed.Catalyst,polishing powder and ceramic industries remained inactive.Demand from downstream industry was soft.Consumers purchased on their needs.Suppliers had strong intention to sell.Prices of rare earth products     

Annual Report analysis of Chinese rare earth-related listed companies in 2013

<正>Chinese rare earth-related listed companies have published their 2013 annual reports.It can be understood from their reports that production and operation activities of Chinese rare earth-related companies were still heavily affected by macro economy and industrial policies.They basically followed the steps of national economy.In 2013,world economy recovered slowly but the economy     

Market opportunities and challenges for rare earth polishing powder

正1.Status of rare earth polishing powder Rare earth polishing powder with high content of cerium oxide began to replace iron oxide for glass polishing and became one of the key materials in glass polishing process since 1940.Compared with traditional iron oxide,rare earth polishing powder has many advantages,such as fast polishing rate,high polishing quality and long service life.It can achieve good surface quality and improve operation conditions.For example,in lens polishing,the polishing work that cerium     

Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths developed a new RE alloy preparation technology

正Pyrometallurgy Laboratory of Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths had independently developed a new preparation technology of rare earth alloy for NdFeB.The alloy can remarkably enhance the coercivity of NdFeB magnet but also evidently reduce the production cost of the magnet.The new master alloy was prepared in the kA pilot-scale electrolytic cell by the independent technology.The rare earth master alloy can be used as the raw material for NdFeB.Compared     

Market and recycling of NiMH battery

<正>Market status and future trend of NiMH battery1.Global market of small NiMH battery Global market size of small NiMH batteries declined year on year since 2011.The trend will continue to 2018,at the rate of 5%to 10%annually.Demand for small NiMH batteries will be stable gradually.Many electrical apparatuses are powered by the built-in lithium battery today,which is the main reason for the shrunk market of small NiMH batteries.But,for some products,small NiMH     

China rare earth market review

正September 1-10,2014 Affected by the National Day holiday,rare earth transaction was stagnant and the market showed a weak steady state.As there was no good news for downstream market,some products with flat demand would likely rally slightly for some time to     

2014 second batch of rare earth quota released

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矿用防爆轴流对旋主要通风机叶片ANSYS模态分析及应用

高效节能矿用防爆对旋主要通风机的叶片是主要通风机运行的关键部件,叶片在运行时不断受到气流的作用力,从而使叶片产生振动,当叶片振动的频率与叶片的固有频率接近时,容易产生共振从而导致叶片的断裂。一旦叶片断裂时,对主要通风机的安全运行产生致命的影响,从而导致矿山、化工等企业发生重大事故,将会产生不可估量的损失。基于有限元分析软件ANSYS,对高效节能矿用防爆轴流对旋主要通风机叶片进行模态分析及产生对应的六阶模态频率,对主要通风机叶片的运行频率、固有频率及产生的共振问题进行了原理分析,并且解决了叶片频率共振的问题,从而为主要通风机叶片结构设计提供理论依据,并对主要通风机叶片的安全运行提供保障。     

2013 NdFeB export analysis

<正>China totally exported nearly 24,000 tonsof NdFeB products during 201 3,including 18,825 tons of permanent magnet,valued USD 1.34 billion at an average price of 71.4 USD/kg;3,277 tons of NdFeB magnetic powder,valued USD 1 01 million at an average price of 30.9 USD/kg;1,334 tons of strip casting ribbon,with total export value of USD 74million at an average price of 55.3 USD/kg;and 586