锶-偶氮氯膦Ⅲ-铜(Ⅱ)-邻菲啰啉多元体系的显色反应及其应用

光度法测定微量锶的方法已有不少报道,利用形成二元络合物的显色反应灵敏度不太高。为了提高测定锶的灵敏度,我们探索了锶的多元络合物,发现在DH6的近中性介质中,锶能与偶氮氯膦Ⅲ、铜(Ⅱ)、邻菲啰啉形成四元络合物,最大吸收波长位于675nm处,较锶-偶氮氯膦Ⅲ二元络合物的最大吸收波长红移     

新最色剂DBM-偶氮二溴羧与锶显色反应的研究及应用

研究了新显色剂DBM-偶氮二溴羧与锶显色反应的最佳条件。在0.12mol·L~(-1)磷酸介质中,试剂与锶发生显色反应,最大吸收波长为610nm,络合比为1:1,摩尔吸光系数为4.75×10~4,锶量在0～15μg/25ml范围内符合比耳定律。反应具有很高的选择性,三倍于锶量的钡不干扰测定,可快速测定炼钢除氧剂和铝合金中的锶。     

一种新的测定锶的高选择性光度法的研究——用新显色剂 DBC-偶氮氯膦测定合金及海水中的锶

锶的分析在环保、医学、地质和工业上都有重要的意义.目前,锶的测定缺乏简单可行的光度分析法.有人曾讨论过测定碱土元素的光度法所用的有机试剂.文献还报道过一些测锶的方法,但这些方法选择性不够完善,没有很好解决钙、钡共存的干扰,往往需要进行分离后才能测定.有人虽报道过一些不需分离的测定锶的方法,但这些方法允许共存的钙、钡等离子的量较小,实际应用价值不大.本文研究了新显色剂——二溴一氯偶氮氯膦(简称DBC-偶氮氯膦)与锶的显色反应及其在锶分析上的应用.结果表明:锶与 DBC-偶氮氯膦在酸性条件下生成一种稳定的蓝紫色配合物.在丙酮、EDTA 和 Na_2 SO_4 存在下,采用双波长分光光度法有效地解决钙、钡、镁、铁等三十余种元素的干扰.用本法测定了海水、氧化镁试剂和硅铁合金中的锶,结果颇为满意.     

二溴对甲基偶氮氯磺与锶的显色反应研究及应用

研究了二溴对甲基偶氮氯磺与锶的显色反应,在0.72mol·L-1盐酸介质中,试剂与锶形成稳定的2∶1蓝色络合物,其最大吸收波长位于633nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为7.7×104L·mol-1·cm-1,锶量在0～30μg/25mL范围内符合比耳定律。该试剂与其它测定锶的试剂相比,具有灵敏度高、选择性好等优点。方法应用于铝合金中微量锶的测定,结果满意。     

原子吸收光谱法测定磁性材料中锶

锶铁氧体和含锶的多元复合铁氧体等作为一种新型磁性材料目前得到广泛的应用和发展。磁性原料中三氧化二铁与氧化锶的配方比例是烧结这类铁氧体硬磁材料的关键之一。原子吸收光谱法可有效地测定各种物料中的锶,本文研究了测定磁性材料中的锶。在硝酸介质中,以钙盐作释放剂,以空气-乙炔火焰原子吸收光谱法直接测定0.05％以上的锶。方法简便,结果可靠。 1 试验部分 1.1 仪器及主要试剂 日立180-80偏光塞曼原于吸收光谱计 日立锶空心阴极灯 锶标准溶液;1.0000mg·ml~(-1) 硝酸钙溶液:50.0mg·ml~(-1) 高纯铁:Fe〉99.98％ 1.2 仪器工作参数     

锶特效树脂萃取色谱耦合热电离同位素质谱法测定海水中锶同位素研究

采用锶特效树脂,以萃取色谱法将锶离子自基体中分离,详细介绍了锶特效树脂萃取原理,进行了实验条件优化。采用HNO3消解海水样品,以HNO3(8.0mol/L)为介质上柱,用HNO3(8.0mol/L)淋洗,样品中的锶离子被强烈吸附在树脂柱上,再以HNO3(0.05mol/L)洗脱,Sr被解吸。收集淋洗液,蒸干,采用热电离同位素质谱仪测定海水样品中的87Sr/86Sr比值。结果表明,利用锶特效树脂,可将锶与基体元素(K,Na,Mg,Ba)分离,并能有效分离同位素测定中干扰元素Ca和Rb。消除了基体干扰,提高了分离效率,达到灵敏测定。     

空气—乙炔焰中高氯酸镧对锶的增感效应及其分析应用

本文试验了稀土元素对空气－乙炔火焰原子吸收测定锶的影响，并且选择镧作了重点研究，发现不同镧盐对测定锶的影响各不相同，当存在每ｍＬ１５００μｇ镧（高氯酸盐）时，硝酸浓度在比较宽的范围内不影响锶的测定，本文建立建立了Ｓｒ－Ｌａ（ＣｌＯ４）３－ＨＮＯ３体系中测量锶的新方法，该方法用于人工混合稀土样品中Ｓｒ的测定，获得满意的结果。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定水产品中锶同位素比值

为推动锶同位素在水产品溯源中的应用,本文建立了基于电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）测定水产品中锶同位素比值的分析方法。水产品组织经冻干研磨和微波消解后,用ICP-MS测定样品溶液中的锶同位素比值,并采用标准品-样品-标准品交叉测量方法降低质量歧视效应的影响。结果表明,通过稀释样品消解溶液,将总锶浓度控制在70-100 μg/L,并与80 μg/L的锶同位素标准品溶液进行交叉测量,可准确校正质量歧视效应;84Sr/86Sr、87Sr/86Sr和88Sr/86Sr的日内精密度分别为0.06%、0.03%和0.03%,日间精密度分别为0.08%、0.04%和0.03%;按照所建立的方法测定大虾和扇贝生物成分分析标准物质的锶同位素比值,84Sr/86Sr、87Sr/86Sr和88Sr/86Sr的相对标准偏差均低于0.1%。该方法前处理简单快捷并且测量精密度高,可为锶同位素比值测定并进一步应用于水产品溯源研究提供技术支撑。     

南翼山油田水中锶的容量分析

在对EDTA络合滴定法测定南翼山油田水中锶的分析条件研究过程中,对指示剂、分析体系环境、沉淀煮沸时间、沉淀冷却时间以及钙对锶的干扰进行了讨论,对行业标准HG/T 2958.1-1988(1997)<天青石矿石中锶和钙含量的测定-EDTA容量法>中锶的分析方法进行了改进,以改进后的方法为依据,建立了高钙体系中锶的容量分析方法,该方法的重现性和准确度较好.本方法不仅适用于油田水体系,而且也适用于盐湖卤水体系.     

X射线荧光光谱法测定锶铁氧体半成品中铁、锶、硅

将样品在玛瑙研钵中与淀粉混合研磨,然后倒入压样机钢环模具中,在30 t压力下,采用粉末压片制样法压制成型。用X射线荧光光谱法测定锶铁氧体半成品中铁、锶、硅的含量。经试验验证压片时样品与黏合剂淀粉的最佳质量比为5比1。此法用于锶铁氧体半成品样品分析,3种元素的相对标准偏差(n=11)分别为0.06%,0.14%,0.70%,测定值与常规方法测定值相一致。     

Isolation of strontium pools and isotope ratios in modern human hair

The elements of human hair record specific information about an individual's health, diet, and surrounding environment. Strontium isotope ratios of human hair have attracted interest as they potentially record an individual's environment. Yet, separating the external environmental signals from the internal dietary indicators has remained a challenge. Here, we examined the effects of five different hair-cleaning methodologies to determine the extent that internal and external strontium signals can be isolated from human hair. In the first study of its kind, we employed an in-line strontium purification methodology and a multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer to obtain high-precision strontium isotope ratio of human hair and of leachates of the different washing treatments. We found that the different applications of an individual treatment removed a consistent amount of strontium from hair and that replicate analyses showed each treatment altered the strontium isotope ratios of hair consistently. A mass-balance approach was applied to demonstrate that strontium was quantitatively removed and was accounted for in either the treated hair or the leachate. We observed that strontium isotope ratio varied as a function of treatment aggressiveness so as to suggest that there was a fine-scale structuring of strontium within hair (transverse cross-sectional variations); these variations existed as differences in strontium concentrations and isotope ratios. As a result, the Sr isotope ratio of hair and hair leachates treated with the most aggressive cleaning methods reflected the isotope ratios of the interior and total exterior strontium signatures, respectively. The results of this study indicate that external environmental strontium signals can be distinguished from the internal signals and therefore permit the application of strontium isotope ratios of modern human hair for geospatial applications.     

Thermodynamic restrictions on mechanosynthesis of strontium titanate

Chemical potential phase stability diagrams were calculated from relevant thermodynamic properties and used to predict the thermodynamic driving force under prospective conditions of room temperature mechanosynthesis. One analysed the dependence of chemical potential diagrams on temperature and partial pressure of evolving gases such as oxygen or carbon dioxide, as expected on using strontium peroxide or strontium carbonate as precursor reactants for the alkali earth component. Thermodynamic calculations were also obtained for changes in titania precursor reactants, including thermodynamic predictions for reactivity of strontium carbonate with amorphous titania. Experimental evidence showed that strontium titanate can be obtained by mechanosynthesis of strontium carbonate+anatase mixtures, due to previous amorphization under high energy milling. Ability to perform mechanosynthesis with less energetic milling depends on the suitable choice of alternative precursor reactants, which meet the thermodynamic requirements without previous amorphization; this was demonstrated by mechanosynthesis from anatase+strontium peroxide mixtures.     

Preconcentration of strontium using aphrons

Aphrons containing di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (DEHPA) as an active substance were used for preconcentration of strontium from acetate buffers. Conditions for preparation of reasonably stable aphrons using non-ionic and anionic detergents in n-alkane and water mixture were found. After distribution of strontium, aphrons were separated from water solution by filtration with micro-filters. The separation efficiency was compared to the results obtained in liquid-liquid extraction of strontium with DEHPA in n-alkane. The results show that the preconcentration efficiency for strontium for aphrons is as good as for liquid-liquid extraction systems.     

NMR study of strontium binding by a micaceous mineral

The nature of strontium binding by soil minerals directly affects the transport and sequestration/remediation of radioactive strontium species released from leaking high-level nuclear waste storage tanks. However, the molecular-level structure of strontium binding sites has seldom been explored in phyllosilicate minerals by direct spectroscopic means and is not well-understood. In this work, we use solid-state NMR to analyze strontium directly and indirectly in a fully strontium-exchanged synthetic mica of nominal composition Na(4)Mg(6)Al(4)Si(4)O(20)F(4). Thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis, and NMR evidence supports that heat treatment at 500 degrees C for 4 h fully dehydrates the mica, creating a hydrogen-free interlayer. Analysis of the strontium NMR spectrum of the heat-treated mica shows a single strontium environment with a quadrupolar coupling constant of 9.02 MHz and a quadrupolar asymmetry parameter of 1.0. These quadrupolar parameters are consistent with a highly distorted and asymmetric coordination environment that would be produced by strontium cations without water in the coordination sphere bound deep within the ditrigonal holes. Evidence for at least one additional strontium environment, where proton-strontium couplings may occur, was found via a (1)H-(87)Sr transfer of populations by double resonance NMR experiment. We conclude that the strontium cations in the proton-free interlayer are observable by (87)Sr NMR and bound through electrostatic interactions as nine coordinate inner-sphere complexes sitting in the ditrigonal holes. Partially hydrated strontium cations invisible to direct (87)Sr NMR are also present and located on the external mica surfaces, which are known to hydrate upon exposure to atmospheric moisture. These results demonstrate that modern pulsed NMR techniques and high fields can be used effectively to provide structural details of strontium binding by phyllosilicate minerals.     

Transport of strontium cation through hollow fiber supported liquid membranes

Transport of strontium through supported hollow fiber dichlorobenzene liquid membranes has been studied. The possible mechanism of strontium transport with 18-crown-6 ether as a carrier and picrate as co-counter-ion as well as the construction of a pertraction device with on-line radiometric detection of strontium using⁸⁵Sr tracer is described. Preliminary results of strontium pertraction in a recycling and one-pass mode with different concentrations of crown are shown.     

Synthesis of Strontium Carbonate by the Induction of Microbiology

Spherical strontium carbonate was synthesized by the induction of microbial bacillus pasteurii at ambient temperature with strontium chloride and urea as the raw materials. The phase composition, particle size and morphology of the product were studied by XRD and SEM. The results indicated that the strontium carbonate synthesized by the induction of microbial bacillus pasteurii was of good dispersion and uniform particle size. The spherical strontium carbonate particles obtained by adding different control agents were constructed by numerous flakes or olive-shaped nano-particles. The products were orthorhombic according to their XRD patterns.     

磺基水杨酸存在下微量进样乙炔—空气火焰原子吸收光谱法测定锶

本文研究了10种表面活性剂对乙炔空气火焰中Sr原子吸收信号的影响。磺基水杨酸能使Sr原子吸收信号增强50％,同时还有降低和消除常见的共存离子干扰的效果。采用微量进样火焰法,以0.5％(W/V)磺基水杨酸为基体改进剂测定了苷蓝中痕量锶,测定值与推荐值相符合。     

Sr掺杂对CaO(100)表面吸附甲醇影响的分子模拟

借助分子模拟手段,研究了锶掺杂对氧化钙表面甲醇吸附行为的影响。构建了甲醇在CaO(100)和CaO(100)-Sr表面吸附的模型,计算了甲醇在氧化钙表面的吸附能和解离活化能,分析了甲醇在氧化钙表面成键的态密度以及锶掺杂前后甲醇在氧化钙表面电荷布局和差分电荷密度,评估了锶掺杂量对氧化钙表面甲醇吸附性能的影响。结果表明,锶掺杂能够显著强化氧化钙对甲醇的吸附性能,降低甲醇的解离活化能,且吸附性能随锶掺杂量的增加而增强;甲醇在氧化钙表面吸附时活化,锶掺杂后活化程度增加。     

X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy of Strontium(II) Coordination

Detailed analyses of crystalline, hydrated, and precipitated strontium compounds and an aqueous strontium solution by synchrotron extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) were used to quantify local thermal and static disorder and to characterize strontium coordination in a variety of oxygen-ligated bonding environments. Analysis of anharmonic vibrational disorder (i.e., significant contribution from a third cumulant term (C(3)) in the EXAFS phase-shift function) in compounds with low and high static disorder around strontium showed that first-shell anharmonic contributions were generally not significant above experimental error in the EXAFS fits (R+/-0.02 ? with and without C(3)). The only case in which a significant apparent decrease in Sr-O distance was observed with increasing temperature, and for which a third cumulant term was significant, was for dilute strontium in aqueous solution. Empirical parameterization of Debye-Waller factor (sigma(2)) for strontium compounds as a function of backscatterer atomic number (Z), interatomic Sr-Z distance, and temperature of spectral data collection showed systematic increases in sigma(2) as a function of increasing temperature and Sr-Z bond length. At values of sigma(2) greater than approximately 0.025 ?(2) (for N<12 and R(Sr)-Z>3 ?), backscattering was generally not significant above noise levels in spectra of compounds of known crystal structure. Comparison of the EXAFS spectra of freshly precipitated SrCO(3) (spectra collected wet) to that of dry, powdered strontianite (SrCO(3)(s)) indicated no significant differences in the local atomic structure around strontium. Analysis of partially hydrated strontium in natural Ca-zeolite (heulandite) showed that strontium is substituted only in the calcium (Ca2) site. Backscattering from aluminum and silicon atoms in the zeolite framework were apparent in the EXAFS spectra at low and room temperature at distances from central strontium of <4.2 ?. Comparison of strontium structural coordination determined in this and previous studies suggests that previous EXAFS determinations of hydrated strontium may have underestimated first-shell interatomic distances and coordination numbers because minor contributions to the EXAFS phase-shift and amplitude functions were not accounted for, either theoretically or empirically. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.     

EXAFS investigations of strontium complexation by a polymer-supported crown ether

Extended X-ray absorption fine-structure (EXAFS) measurements have been used to probe the coordination environment of strontium ion sorbed from aqueous nitric acid solutions on an extraction chromatographic resin comprising a macrocyclic polyether dispersed on a polymeric support. The strontium EXAFS of the metal ions sorbed onto the resin are consistent with a 1:1:2 strontium:crown ether:nitrate stoichiometry in which the strontium is enveloped in the crown ether ring and both nitrate anions are coordinated to the strontium as bidentate ligands. This is the same structure and stoichiometry observed for complexes in liquid-liquid extraction when the macrocyclic polyether is dissolved in a diluent with low water miscibility like 1-octanol.