引用"P.D.C.A循环法"实施对护士长管理能力培训的体会

目的提高护士长综合管理能力.方法引用质量管理中的"P.D.C.A循环法"通过对护士长进行(1)现代管理基础理论,护理管理知识学习;(2)实行护士长目标责任制管理;(3)新任职护士长轮岗制度.效果(1)11名护士长年度业绩考核,优秀3名占27%,称职7名,基本称职1名;(2)与97年相比全年护理质量综合评分上升至98.2%,护理事故及严重差错发生率为0,惠者满意度上升至96.7%.九八年被评为百佳医院.结论护理部要把人才培养放在选拔之前,运用质量循环管理精神不断提高护士长自身素质及管理能力,使之成为具有丰富管理知识的临床专家型护理管理者,以适应新的时期护理工作发展的需要.     

维生素C(抗坏血酸)缺乏症(坏血病)与补充维生素C

１维生素Ｃ的由来人类认识坏血病由来已久 ,早在１６０１年时人们就发现 ,饮食缺乏可引发疾病 ,但其治疗药物却姗姗来迟。至１９世纪初期 ,法兰西第三帝国统帅拿破仑率海军远征 ,士兵长年海上航行 ,吃不到新鲜的蔬菜和水果 ,每天仅以咸鱼和罐头果腹 ,结果绝大部分士兵患上了坏血病 ,牙龈和身体出血不止 ,全身乏力而失去战斗能力 ,以致全军覆没。从此 ,人们才开始重视抗坏血病药物的研制。天然的维生素Ｃ存在于新鲜的酸枣、桔子、柠檬等水果和柿子椒、西红柿、土豆、卷心菜等多叶的蔬菜中 ,参与体内的多种代谢过程 ,是防治坏血病的水溶性维生…     

β-secretase (BACE1) inhibitors from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Perilla frutescens</Emphasis> var. <Emphasis Type="Italic">acuta</Emphasis>

In the course of screening for anti-dementia agents from natural products, two β-secretase (BACE1) inhibitors were isolated from the methanolic extract of Perilla frutescens var. acuta and identified as luteolin (1) and rosmarinic acid (2) with IC₅₀ values of 5.0×10⁻⁷ M and 2.1×10⁻⁵ M, respectively. They inhibited BACE1 in a non-competitive manner with a substrate in Dixon plots, suggesting that they might bind to either β-secretase subsite or to another regulatory site. Ki values of 1 and 2 were 6.2×10⁻⁵ M and 3.9×10⁻⁵ M, respectively. They were less inhibitory against other enzymes such as α-secretase (TACE), acetylcholine esterase (AchE), chymotrypsin, and elastase, indicating that they were relatively specific inhibitors of BACE1.     

(R)-( )-和(S)-(-)-β,β′-联萘酚的制备

手性试剂(R)-( )-和(S)-(—)-β,β′-联萘酚[( )-1和(—)-1]由于能制得高纯度的对映体,光学性质稳定,且具有很强的面不对称性,在不对称合成中易生成高比例 ee 值的产物。已成功地应用于不对称还     

C反应蛋白(CRP)

CRP是一种急性时相蛋白(APP),其血清含量在炎症和组织破坏时升高。1930年有人于急性肺炎病人血清中发现,因能与肺炎球菌细胞膜中的C多糖体发生沉淀反应而得名。一、检测方法与正常值:检测方法大致可分为两大类。 1.与C多糖体的特异反应:需C多糖体纯品,六十年代应用较普遍。(1)病人血清中CRP与C多糖体在液相中沉淀,敏感性和特异性均差,且难定量。(2)间接血凝试验:用包     

Salizylsäure-(Aspirin-)Vergiftung. (Selbstmordversuch)

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Medinal-(Veronalnatrium-)Vergiftung. (Giftmordversuch?)

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Synthesis of 2′-Azidoethyl Trisaccharide, α-D-Gal-(1→2)-6d-α-D-<Emphasis Type="Italic">Altro-Hepp</Emphasis>-(1→3)-(β-D-GlcNAc,an o-antigenic repeating unit of C.<Emphasis Type="Italic">jejuni</Emphasis> 0:23 and 0:36

A trisaccharide, the O-antigenic repeating unit of C. jejuni serotype O:23 and O:36, was synthesized as a 2'-azidoethyl glycoside by block addition of perbenzylated thiogalactoside donors to alpha-altroHepp-(1-->3)-GlcNPhth disaccharide acceptor in presence of IDCP promoter. The alpha-linked altroheptopyranoside moiety in the glycosyl acceptor was effectively prepared by Swern oxidation of alpha-mannohepp-(1-->3)-GlcNPhth disaccharide followed by mild reduction with NaCNBH3.     

CONTENTS (1995; Volume 16)

I耐ormation for authors. 3Detection of 54—-kDa protein overexpressed by chloroquine·‘ resistant Plasmodium berghei ANKA strain in pyronari— dine—resistant P berghei ANKA strain. Li GD,Liu SQ,Ye XY,Qu FY 17Effects of isovanihuperzine A on cholinesterase and scopo— lamine-induced memory impairment. Xiong ZQ,Tang XC,Lin JL,Zhu DY 21QSAR of 3一mefhylfentanyl derivatives studied with neural networks method. Tang Y,Wang HW,Chen KX,Ji。RY 26 Assay of metoprolol and q—hydrox…     

Antidepressant phenotype by inhibiting the phospholipase Cβ(1)--protein kinase Cγ pathway in the forced swim test

Although great advances have recently been made in the study of signal transduction, the pathogenesis of affective disorders is still unknown. There is mounting evidence suggesting that elevated phosphoinositide-protein kinase C (PI-PKC) signal transduction pathway may be a pathophysiological feature of bipolar and major depressive disorders. The aim of the present study was to further investigated the phospholipase C-protein kinase C (PLC-PKC) cascade by evaluating the effect produced by an acute blockade of this intracellular pathway at PLC and PKC level. Adult male mice were administered with pharmacological inhibitors of PLC or PKC and then subjected to the forced swim test (FST), an animal model which emulates the behavioural despair paradigm of depression. In this study we also tested the hypothesis that it might be possible to selectively modulate depressive behaviour by inhibiting the expression of specific PLC and PKC isoforms by means of specific antisense oligonucleotides (aODNs). Administration of the PLC inhibitors neomycin and U73122 as well as of the PKC inhibitors calphostin C and chelerytrine dose-dependently reduced the immobility time in the FST producing an antidepressant-like behaviour. Selective knockdown of the PLCβ₁ and PKCγ isoforms also induced an antidepressant phenotype. Conversely, the inhibition of the expression of PLCβ₃ was unable to modify the immobility time values. The PLC and PKC modulators used, at the highest effective doses, altered neither locomotor activity nor motor coordination. We demonstrate that selective blockade of PLCβ₁-PKCγ signalling pathway produces an antidepressant-like phenotype in mice.     

The pharmacokinetics of eflornithine (α-difluoromethylornithine) in patients with late-stage <Emphasis Type="Italic">T.b. gambiense</Emphasis> sleeping sickness

Objective To investigate the plasma, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels and pharmacokinetics of eflornithine (DFMO) in patients with late-stage T.b. gambiense sleeping sickness who were treated with an oral DFMO at 100 mg/kg or 125 mg/kg body weight every 6 h for 14 days.Methods Plasma and CSF concentrations of DFMO were measured during day 10 and day 15 in patients following oral DFMO at 100 mg/kg (group I: n=12) and 125 mg/kg (group II: n=13) body weight every 6 h for 14 days. Clinical and parasitological assessments were performed at 24 h after the last dose of DFMO and at 12 months.Results Patients in each group had a good initial response, but relapse was observed in six patients (three patients for each group) during 12 months follow-up. Plasma DFMO concentrations did not increase proportionally to doses when the dose increased from 100 mg/kg to 125 mg/kg body weight given every 6 h (60–70% of the expected increase). In most cases, concentration–time profiles of DFMO in each group were best fit using a two-compartment open model with first-order input, with absorption lag-time and first-order elimination. Average trough (C_ss-min) and average (C_ss-ave) plasma DFMO concentrations during steady state varied between 189–448 nmol/ml and 234–528 nmol/ml, following 100 mg/kg and 125 mg/kg dose group, respectively. C_max, t_max and AUC_0– values following the last dose were 296–691 nmol/l, 2–3 h, and 2911–6286 nmol h/ml, respectively. V_z/F, CL/F and t_1/2z values were 0.47–2.66 l/kg, 0.064–0.156 l/h/kg, and 3.0–16.3 h, respectively. CSF concentrations at steady state varied between 22.3 nmol/ml and 64.7 nmol/ml. Patients who had treatment failure tended to have lower plasma and CSF DFMO concentrations than those who had successful treatment.Conclusion Oral DFMO at the dose of 125 mg/kg body weight given every 6 h for 14 days may not produce adequate therapeutic plasma and CSF levels for patients with late-stage T.b. gambiense sleeping sickness.     

今壹医药网(today1.com.cn)

今壹医药网(today1.com.cn),是于1998年12月31日正式创办的一家民营网站,是国内首家提出并建立药品零售商宏观网络、微观软件、信息互动三位一体的用户应用系统。该系统利用网络平台的概念,集成各种网络功能,将医药行业主管部门、药品生产商、药品经销商、药品零售商与药品消费者有机地联系在一起。使行业管理者能通过网络对药品生产、流通、销售等各环节进行及时有效的监管,药品经营者能通过网络准确迅速地获得市场的信息并对企业实施科学的管理。