化疗对急性白血病外周血NO、SOD、OFR及MDA影响的探讨

目的 :探讨化疗对急性白血病 (AL)外周血一氧化氮 (NO)、超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、氧自由基 (OFR)及丙二醛 (MDA)的影响。方法 :对 4 6例 AL患者的外周血 ,采用比色法检测其 NO、SOD、OFR和 MDA的水平变化 ,并与正常人进行比较。结果 :AL患者外周血 NO水平与正常对照差异无显著性 (P>0 .0 5 ) ,而 SOD、OFR水平明显低于正常对照组 (P<0 .0 1) ,MDA水平化疗前明显高于正常对照组 (P<0 .0 1) ,化疗药物对 AL 外周血中各个时期的影响差异无显著性 (P>0 .0 5 )。结论 :NO在急性白血病发病过程中的影响还需进一步商榷 ,SOD和 OFR低水平状态及 MDA水平升高提示参与了急性白血病的发病过程 ,化疗药物对患者外周血中的 NO、SOD、OFR和 MDA水平的变化影响不大。     

Evaluation of the anti-ulcerogenic activity of the antidepressants duloxetine, amitriptyline, fluoxetine and mirtazapine in different models of experimental gastric ulcer in rats

The study is designed to determine the therapeutic effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) in minimizing radiation-induced injuries in rats. Rats were exposed to 7Gy gamma radiation, 30min later rats were injected with CAPE (10μmol/kg body, i.p.) for 7 consecutive days. Rats were sacrificed at 8 and 15 days after starting the experiment. Gamma-irradiation induced significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) level and xanthine oxidase (XO) and adenosine deaminase (ADA) activities, and significant decrease in total nitrate/nitrite (NO(x)) level and glutathione peroxidise (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities in heart tissue and augmented lipid fractions levels and activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and aspartate transaminase (AST) in serum. Irradiated rats early treated with CAPE showed significant decrease in MDA, XO and ADA and significant increase in NO(x) and SOD in heart tissue and in serum enzymes compared with irradiated group. Serum lipid profiles and cardiac enzymes were restored. Conclusion: CAPE could exhibits curable effects on gamma irradiation-induced cardiac-oxidative impairment in rats.     

厄多司坦对大鼠后肢缺血再灌注所致肺损伤的影响

目的:探讨厄多司坦是否对后肢缺血再灌注所致的肺损伤具有保护作用.方法:将24只成年雄性大鼠随机分为3组:对照组、缺血再灌注组及厄多司坦组.手术后检测肺组织一氧化氮(NO)含量,髓过氧化物酶(MPO)、腺苷脱氮酶(ADA)以及黄嘌呤氧化酶(XO)的活性.同时检测支气管肺泡灌洗液NO含量、MPO活性.结果:与对照组相比,缺血再灌注组肺组织中ADA及XO活性增加(P<0.05).缺血再灌注组NO水平高于对照组(P<0.05),而厄多司坦组NO水平无改变.与对照组及厄多司坦组相比,缺血再灌注组MPO活性增加(P<0.05).与对照纽相比,缺血再灌注组支气管肺泡灌洗液MPO活性升高(P<0.05).厄多司坦组支气管肺泡灌洗液MPO活性显著低于缺血再灌注组(P<0.05).与对照组相比,缺血再灌注组及厄多司坦组支气管肺泡灌洗液NO水平升高(P<0.05).不过,相对于缺血再灌注组.厄多司坦治疗组支气管肺泡灌洗液NO水平显著降低.结论:厄多司坦可降低大鼠后肢缺血再灌注后氧化应激性损伤及中性粒细胞堆积,从而对肺损伤有一定的保护作用.     

The activities of tissue xanthine oxidase and adenosine deaminase and the levels of hydroxyproline and nitric oxide in rat hearts subjected to doxorubicin: protective effect of erdosteine

The aim of this experimental study was to investigate the effects of erdosteine, an antioxidant agent, on doxorubicin (DXR)-induced cardio-toxicity through nitric oxide (NO) levels, collagen synthesis, xanthine oxidase (XO) and adenosine deaminase (ADA) activities in rats. Rats were treated with erdosteine (10 mg/kg b.wt. per day, orally) or saline starting 2 days before administrating a single dose of DXR (20 mg/kg i.p.) or saline. At the 10th day of the DXR administration, hearts were removed under anesthesia for biochemical measurements. Enzyme activities as well as OH-proline and NO levels were found to be significantly increased in DXR group compared with the control group. All of the parameters studied except ADA activity were decreased significantly approximating to the control levels upon erdosteine administration. In conclusion, erdosteine seems to be an alternative agent for protection of cardiac tissue against DXR-induced cardio-toxicity through its regulatory effect on XO activity and NO level.     

Major depressive disorder is accompanied with oxidative stress: short-term antidepressant treatment does not alter oxidative-antioxidative systems

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to investigate the oxidative-antioxidative systems and effects of different antidepressants on these systems in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). METHOD: Ninety-six patients with a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) diagnosis of MDD and 54 healthy controls were included in the study. Plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and susceptibility of red blood cells (RBCs) to oxidation were determined to investigate the oxidative status, plasma vitamin E, vitamin C, serum total carotenoid levels, total antioxidant capacity (TAOC), RBC superoxide dismutase (SOD) and whole blood glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities were measured to investigate the antioxidative defence before and after 6 weeks of antidepressant treatment. RESULTS: Plasma MDA levels and susceptibility of RBCs to oxidation were significantly higher in the MDD group compared with the control group. RBC SOD activity was significantly increased in patients with MDD, and furthermore there was a significant positive correlation between the severity of the disease and SOD activity. CONCLUSION: MDD is accompanied with oxidative stress; however, oxidative-antioxidative systems do not seem to be affected by 6 weeks of antidepressant treatment.     

一氧化氮在肺感染中损伤作用机制探讨

观察４０例肺感染患者血中一气体氮（ＮＯ）及肿瘤坏死因子（ＴＮＦ）、超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）、丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）水平变化，并与３０例正常人进行对比，同时对治疗后的１８例患者各指标的变化进行了观察。结果显示：患者血清ＮＯ及ＴＮＦ、ＭＤＡ水平较对照组显著增高（Ｐ〈０．０１），ＳＯＤ则显著降低（Ｐ〈０．０１），治疗后较治疗前血清ＮＯ、ＴＮＦ及ＭＤＡ水平显著降低（Ｐ〈０．０５），而ＳＯＤ活性则显著回升（Ｐ〈０     

盐酸小檗碱对T2DM合并高脂血症患者血清NO水平及SOD活性的影响

目的：探讨2型糖尿病（T2DM）合并高脂血症患者氧化应激水平的变化及盐酸小檗碱对患者血清一氧化氮（NO）水平和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性的影响。方法：采用前瞻性随机病例对照研究,选择80例T2DM合并高脂血症的患者分为常规治疗组（A组,n=40）及小檗碱治疗组（B组,n=40）,同时选择体检健康的20例（C组,n=20）作为对照组。 A组给予口服降糖药控制血糖、钙离子拮抗剂控制血压等治疗;B组在常规治疗组的给药基础上联用盐酸小檗碱片（0.2mg,3次/d）,口服,治疗时间为3个月。检测治疗前后的血清中一氧化氮（NO）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、超敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）、内皮素（ET-1）、丙二醛（MDA）、血清总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、空腹血糖（FPG）、餐后2h血糖（2h PBG）及相关生化指标。结果：与C组比较,两组T2DM合并高脂血症患者的血清炎症因子、血脂水平升高,NO及SOD水平降低（P＜0.01）。随访治疗3个月后,A组血清2h PBG、TC、TG、hs-CRP、MDA、ET-1水平比治疗前均有明显降低,NO、SOD水平比治疗前明显升高（P＜0.05）;与同期A组比较,B组变化幅度更为显著,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。结论：盐酸小檗碱显著改善了T2DM合并高脂血症患者的糖、脂代谢异常和胰岛素抵抗,降低了患者的氧化应激水平,提高了血清NO水平及SOD活性,增加了NO合成,减少了NO破坏。可见盐酸小檗碱具有较好的抗炎、抗氧化应激反应及改善血管内皮功能的作用。     

支气管哮喘患儿血清SOD、ET和NO水平检测的临床意义

目的　探讨支气管哮喘患儿血清超歧过氧化物酶 (SOD)、内皮素 (ET)和一氧化氮 (NO)水平的变化。方法　分别应用放免法和化学法检测 36例支气管哮喘患儿血清 SOD、ET和 NO水平 ,并与 35例正常健康儿作比较。结果　支气管哮喘患儿血清 SOD水平显著低于正常儿 (P<0 .0 1 ) ,而 ET、NO水平则明显地高于正常儿童 (P<0 .0 1 )。结论　血清 SOD、ET、NO参与了支气管哮喘的发病过程 ,与发病机理有密切关系     

头部低温对高血压性脑出血脑疝患者血清NO、SOD、Glut的影响

目的探讨高血压性脑出血脑疝(HIHE)患者在头部低温条件下一氧化氮(NO)、谷氨酸(Glut)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的变化。方法采用硝酸酶还原法、羟胺氧化法、HPLC法测定31例HIHE患者加用头部低温治疗与30例不加用者入院第2天、第10天血中NO、SOD、Glut的含量水平。另设30名健康人为对照组。并对前两组生存者生活质量进行比较。结果两组HIHE患者入院第2天NO、Glut明显升高和SOD降低(P<0.01);治疗7天后NO、Glut、SOD比较,头部低温组较入院第2天NO、Glut明显降低和SOD升高(P<0.05,P<0.01),不加用低温组无显著变化(P>0.05),头部低温组与不加用低温组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。头部低温组较不加用低温组生存者出院时NDS、ADL明显降低(P<0.05)。结论HIHE早期患者NO、Glut明显升高,SOD显著降低。头部低温可有效降低HIHE患者血清中NO、Glut含量,提高其生存者的生活质量。     

Effects of cyclosporine on oxidant/antioxidant status in rat ovary tissues: protective role of black grape extract

OBJECTIVES: It has been demonstrated that immunosuppressive drug cyclosporine A (CsA) increases the synthesis of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation products in vitro and in vivo studies, but its possible toxic effects in ovary tissue have not been defined yet. This study was designed to elucidate possible relation between CsA treatment and oxidant/antioxidant status in rat ovary tissue and, to determine if antioxidant supplementation is beneficial. METHODS: CsA and black grape extracts were given to rats orally for 10 days. In each group (control, CsA, CsA plus black grape and black grape alone), there were 7 animals (28 rats in total). After the animals were sacrificed, their ovaries were removed to be used in the measurement of malondialdehyde (MDA) level and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and xanthine oxidase (XO) enzymes. RESULTS: In the control, CsA plus black grape and black grape alone groups, MDA levels were significantly lower than CsA group. Xanthine oxidase activities were significantly higher in CsA and CsA plus black grape groups than control group. In addition, XO activity was significantly lower in black grape alone group than all the other groups including control group. There were no significant differences in the activities of SOD and CAT enzymes between the groups. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that CsA leads to oxidant stress and peroxidation in rat ovary tissues mainly due to increased XO activity. It has been suggested that this oxidant stress and peroxidation reactions can be prevented by antioxidant food supplementation like black grape.     

氯吡格雷对急性脑梗死患者血SOD和MDA水平的影响

目的 探讨氯吡格雷对急性脑梗死患者血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)水平的影响.方法 选择本院2012年1月至2015年1月收治入院的急性脑梗死患者200例,随机分为观察组和对照组两组,每组100例.对照组患者行常规治疗,观察组在常规治疗基础上给予氯吡格雷治疗.两组患者均治疗14 d.采用中国卒中量表(CSS)和美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)对两组患者治疗前、治疗后进行评分,测定患者治疗前、治疗后的血清SOD、MDA、CAT水平.治疗后并对两组患者进行疗效评定.结果 观察组的总有效率均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);治疗前两组NIHSS评分比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);第7d、14 d时NIHSS评分明显降低,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);而对照组在用药后第7d、14d评分逐渐下降;观察组患者治疗后血清SOD明显高于治疗前,而MDA水平明显低于治疗前,治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);对照组治疗后血清SOD水平明显低于治疗前,而MDA水平明显高于治疗前,治疗前后比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);治疗后血清SOD、MDA水平观察组与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);观察组、对照组均未发生颅内出血事件,监测APTT、PT均在安全范围,血小板计数正常,治疗过程中出现1例轻微消化道出血,给予质子泵抑制剂奥美拉唑保护胃黏膜治疗后痊愈.结论 氯吡格雷能够显著抑制急性脑梗死患者脂质过氧化反应,提高抗氧化能力,减轻脑组织氧化损伤,改善患者的神经功能.     

高原高血压患者血清一氧化氮的含量变化及卡托普利的干预作用

目的：观察高原高血压患者血清一氧化氮(NO)的含量及卡托普利的干预作用。方法：高原高血压患者39例在应用卡托普利(25 mg，tid，po，疗程4周)治疗前后进行NO含量的测定，并与高原健康志愿者20例进行比较。结果：高原高血压患者血清NO水平较正常对照组明显降低(P＜0.01)，经卡托普利治疗4周后血清NO水平明显升高(P＜0.05)。结论：高原高血压患者体内NO水平显著降低，卡托普利治疗后NO水平明显升高，表明NO水平的改变可能参与了高原高血压的发病过程。     

Plasma levels of interleukin-6, interleukin-10, and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in depression: comparison between the acute state and after remission

There is now some evidence that major depression is accompanied by an immune response with an increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The aim of the present study was to examine serum level of cytokines: interleukin-6 (IL-6), which is considered pro-inflammatory one and anti-inflammatory cytokines: interleukin 10 (IL-10), and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) in acute clinical state of depression and after 6-week antidepressant treatment. Serum IL-6, IL-10, IL-1Ra levels were higher in the subjects with major depression than in normal controls although these results were not statistically significant. The mean score according to the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) in the patients significantly decreased during the 6 weeks of the study, demonstrating an overall improvement. Successful antidepressant treatment had no significant effect on serum level of this cytokines.     

阿托伐他汀对急性脑梗死患者血浆一氧化氮及血小板α颗粒膜蛋白水平的影响

目的探讨阿托伐他汀对急性脑梗死患者血浆NO及血小板α颗粒膜蛋白（GMP-140）水平的影响。方法94例急性脑梗死患者随机分为治疗组（阿托伐他汀组）（48例）和对照组（46例），采用硝酸酶还原法和双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附法分别测定治疗组和对照组治疗前及治疗4周后血浆NO及GMP-140含量，并同时按照欧洲卒中评分（ESS）标准进行评分。结果治疗后治疗组和对照组血浆NO及GMP-140水平均较治疗前明显下降（P〈0．01），且治疗组较对照组下降明显（P〈0．05）；治疗组和对照组ESS分值明显高于治疗前（P〈0．01），但治疗组和对照组的ESS分值无明显差异（P〉0．05）。结论阿托伐他汀能降低急性脑梗死患者血浆NO及GMP-140的水平，从而减轻缺血性脑损伤，起到保护脑组织的作用。     

小儿支气管肺炎患儿治疗前后血清NO/NOS TNF-2水平检测的临床意义

目的 探讨小儿支气管肺炎治疗前后血清NO/NOS和TNF-2水平的变化.方法 分别应用放免法和化学法测定了42例小儿支气管肺炎患者血清NO/NOS和TNF-2含量,并与35名正常儿童作比较.结果 小儿支气管肺炎患儿在治疗前血清NOS、TNF-2水平高于正常人组(P＜0.01),而NO水平则显著低于正常人组(P＜0.01).经治疗后2周则与正常人比较差异无显著性(P＞0.05).结论 测定血清NO/NOS和TNF-2水平的变化对小儿支气管肺炎的病情和预后密切相关,有一定的临床实用价值.     

Protective effects of L-arginine on pulmonary oxidative stress and antioxidant defenses during exhaustive exercise in rats

AIM: To assess the effects of L-arginine (L-Arg) supplementation on pulmonary oxidative stress and antioxidant defenses in rats after exhaustive exercise. METHODS: Rats were randomly divided into four groups: sedentary control (SC), sedentary control with L-Arg treatment (SC+Arg), exhaustive exercise with control diet (E) and exhaustive exercise with L-Arg treatment (E+Arg). Rats in groups SC+Arg and E+Arg received a 2% L-Arg diet. Rats in groups E and E+Arg underwent an exhaustive running test on a motorized treadmill. Pulmonary oxidative stress indices [xanthine oxidase (XO), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and malondialdehyde (MDA)] and antioxidant defense systems [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione (GSH)] were investigated in this study. RESULTS: L-Arg supplementation significantly reduced exercise-induced elevations of XO and MPO activities in lung. L-Arg reversed the exercise-induced increase in SOD and GR activities, but increased CAT and GPX activities. L-Arg administration also significantly increased the GSH levels in plasma. CONCLUSION: L-Arg supplementation can prevent elevations of XO and MPO activities in the lung and favorably influence pulmonary antioxidant defense systems after exhaustive exercise.     

Examination of lung toxicity, oxidant/antioxidant status and effect of erdosteine in rats kept in coal mine ambience

Occupational exposure to coal dust causes pneumoconiosis and other diseases. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of coal dust-induced lung toxicity. In this experimental study, we investigated the oxidant/antioxidant status, nitric oxide (NO) and hydroxyproline (HP) levels in lungs and blood of rats exposed to coal dust in mine ambience. In addition, we also investigated the attenuating effects of erdosteine. At the end of the experiment processes, tissue levels of HP, malondialdehyde (MDA) and NO, as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, xanthine oxidase (XO), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) were evaluated in the lung tissues, plasma samples or erythrocytes of rats. Exposure to coal dust resulted in a significant increase in the oxidant parameters (MDA, NO levels, and XO activity) and HP levels, as compared to the controls. A decrease in activities of antioxidant enzymes, and an increase in MPO activity were found in the study group, compared to the controls. Increased NO levels of lung were found in the study groups, that were significantly reduced by erdosteine. Our studies provide evidence that supports the hypothesis for ROS mediated coal workers' pneumoconiosis. Erdosteine may be beneficial in the coal dust-induced lung toxicity via antioxidant and free radical scavenger properties.     

恶性血液病血清SOD活力和MDA含量的检测及临床意义

目的探讨血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力、丙二醛(MDA)含量在恶性血液病中的变化规律及临床意义。方法采用黄嘌呤氧化酶法测定SOD活力,采用硫代巴比妥酸化学比色法测定MDA含量。结果治疗前急性白血病、慢性粒细胞白血病和多发性骨髓瘤组血清SOD活力明显低于正常组(P<0.05),非霍奇金淋巴瘤组血清SOD活力与正常组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);急性白血病、慢性粒细胞白血病、多发性骨髓瘤和非霍奇金淋巴瘤组血清MDA含量均明显高于正常组(P<0.05)。14例急性白血病和8例多发性骨髓瘤患者经治疗病情缓解后血清SOD活力较治疗前明显升高(P<0.05),MDA含量明显下降(P<0.05)。结论自由基—脂质过氧化反应参与了恶性血液病的发生、发展,动态监测血清SOD活力和MDA含量的变化,对观察恶性血液病病情变化、判断预后有重要的临床意义。     

茶色素对急性脑梗死患者血清NO,SOD,MDA的影响

为了研究茶色素对急性脑梗死患者血清ＮＯ，ＳＯＤ及ＭＤＡ的影响，分别测定了８１例急性脑梗死患者应用茶以素治疗前治疗后１周，２周及１个月时血清ＮＯ，ＳＯＤ，ＭＤＡ含量，并取７５例急性脑梗死但未应用茶色素治疗的患者作为对照。