高超音速导弹天线罩透波材料研究进展

高超音速导弹用天线罩材料须同时具有力学、介电、耐烧蚀及抗冲击等综合性能.本文简述了天线罩材料的发展历程,着重综述了连续纤维增强陶瓷基透波复合材料的研究现状,分析了高超音速导弹天线罩材料的关键技术,包括材料体系和制备工艺选择、材料加工技术,指出了高超音速导弹天线罩材料的发展方向.     

二氧化硅体系透波材料的透波机理及研究现状

本文阐述了天线罩材料对二氧化硅体系透波材料的性能要求,分析了二氧化硅体系透波材料的透波机理,论述了二氧化硅体系透波材料的研究现状,并指出了其发展方向.     

多孔陶瓷透波材料研究现状及进展

综述了多孔陶瓷透波材料的选择、制备工艺、应用及研究现状。指出CVD/CVI工艺是目前制约我们国家在该领域发展的核心技术,CVD/CVI法在多孔陶瓷透波材料上开展致密化研究是研制高性能透波材料的关键。     

氮化硼透波材料的研究进展与展望

本文从高超音速导弹天线罩材料的性能要求和现有天线罩材料的优缺点出发,介绍了氮化硼陶瓷的优异性能,综述了近年来氮化硼透波纤维和氮化硼透波复合材料的研究进展及应用,并对氮化硼透波材料未来的发展趋势作了展望.     

透波复合材料的研究进展

介绍了我国通用透波复合材料、特种透波复合材料、隐身透波复合材料的性能水平,概括地总结了我国雷达罩用功能透波复合材料的研究进展,并对今后的发展方向进行了预测。     

多孔氮化硅陶瓷的研究进展

综述了多孔氮化硅陶瓷材料的国内外研究现状和进展,介绍了多孔氮化硅陶瓷的主要制备方法,分析了微观组织对多孔氮化硅陶瓷力学性能的影响,并与其他多孔陶瓷进行了性能比较,最后展望了多孔氮化硅陶瓷的发展前景.     

高速导弹天线罩用无机透波材料

根据导弹天线罩材料的选材原则，综述了几种候选天线罩材料的主要特性、各自的优缺点及某些改进措施。重点介绍了现在获得广泛应用的熔融石英陶瓷和有着广阔应用前景的氮化硅材料。     

高功率高透波材料的研究

本文叙述了以 TRR 树脂为基体，分别用 B 型石英玻璃纤维和 UHMWPE 纤维为增强材料，与 T 蜂窝复合制得高功率高透波材料的研究情况，两种蒙皮和 T 蜂窝在 9.375GHz 下的?和 ?分别为 2.79、3×10-4；2.13、4×10-4 和 1.14、9.43×10-4；夹层结构的插入损耗分别为 0.019－0.02dB 和 0.030－0.041dB。     

多孔氮化硅陶瓷制备及其性能研究进展

多孔氮化硅(Si_3N_4)陶瓷由于具有优异的力学性能、良好的抗热震和低介电常数等特点,在极端力/热环境下具有很大的应用潜力。研究表明:不同的制备工艺对多孔氮化硅陶瓷晶粒尺寸、微结构有很大影响,从而影响材料的力学性能;介电性能受气孔率、相组成影响;渗透率受气孔率、气孔尺寸、弯曲度的影响。综述了多孔Si_3N_4陶瓷的烧结工艺、成型工艺及其相关性能研究,并结合目前的研究热点,指出了未来多孔氮化硅陶瓷研究的发展方向。     

氮化硅陶瓷在四大领域的研究及应用进展

氮化硅陶瓷不仅具有较高的力学性能还具有良好的透波性能、导热性能以及生物相容性能,是公认的综合性能最优的陶瓷材料。作为轴承球的致密氮化硅陶瓷广泛应用在机械领域;作为透波材料的多孔氮化硅陶瓷广泛应用在航空航天领域;随着对氮化硅陶瓷材料的深入研究,其在导热性和生物相容性方面的优异特性逐渐被科研工作者认识并得到开发和应用。本文详细阐述了氮化硅粉体的制备方法,并综述了氮化硅陶瓷作为结构陶瓷在机械领域和航空航天领域的研究进展,此外还介绍了其作为功能陶瓷在半导体领域、生物制药领域的研究和应用现状,最后对其未来发展进行了展望。     

Synthesis of Porous Silicon Nitride with Unidirectionally Aligned Channels Using Freeze-Drying Process

Porous silicon nitride with macroscopically aligned channels was synthesized using a freeze-drying process. Freezing of a water-based slurry of silicon nitride was done while unidirectionally controlling the growth direction of the ice. Pores were generated subsequently by sublimation of the columnar ice during freeze-drying. By sintering this green body, a porous silicon nitride with high porosity (over 50%) was obtained and its porosity was controllable by the slurry concentration. The porous Si₃N₄ had a unique microstructure, where macroscopically aligned open pores contained fibrous grains protruding from the internal walls of the Si₃N₄ matrix. It is hypothesized that vapor/solid phase reactions were important to the formation mechanism of the fibrous grains.     

氮化硅陶瓷材料的热力学分析

运用热力学方法分析了氮化硅陶瓷在制备和使用过程中涉及的物理化学过程,包括Si3N4烧结、Si3N4在真空中的挥发、Si3N4的稳定性、Si3N4与金属固体的作用4个方面,结合实际论述了反应发生、发展的条件、反应的优先性、生成化合物的稳定性及热力学方法的适用性.     

Fabrication of Low-Shrinkage, Porous Silicon Nitride Ceramics by Addition of a Small Amount of Carbon

Successful net-shape sintering offers a significant advantage for producing large or complicated products. Porous Si₃N₄ ceramics with very low shrinkage were developed, in the present investigation, by the addition of a small amount of carbon. Carbon powders (1–5 vol%) of two types, with different mean particle sizes (13 nm and 5 μm), were added to α-Si₃N₄−5 wt% Y₂O₃ powders. SiC nanoparticles formed through reaction of the added carbon with SiO₂ on the Si₃N₄ surface or with the Si₃N₄ particles themselves. Such reaction-formed SiC nanoparticles apparently had an effective reinforcing effect, as in nanocomposites. Sintered Si₃N₄ porous ceramics with a high porosity of 50%–60%, a very small linear shrinkage of ∼2%–3%, and a strength of ∼100 MPa were obtained.     

Thermal Shock Behavior of Isotropic and Anisotropic Porous Silicon Nitride

The thermal shock behavior of isotropic and anisotropic porous Si₃N₄ was evaluated using the water-quenching technique. The critical temperature difference for crack initiation was found to be strongly dependent on the ratio of fracture strength to elastic modulus. Because of a very high strain-to-failure, anisotropic porous Si₃N₄ showed no macroscopic cracks and was able to retain its strength even at a quenching-temperature difference of ∼1400°C.     

Si3N4／Si3N4陶瓷连接的研究进展

本文综述了Ｓｉ３Ｎ４／Ｓｉ３Ｎ４陶瓷连接的研究现状，论述不同连接工艺对接头强度的影响。     

氮化硅陶瓷材料微波烧结研究现状

氮化硅是一种具有优良性能的陶瓷材料,是一种理想的高温结构材料和高速切削刀具材料,近年来随着微波技术的发展,氮化硅的微波烧结越来越受关注。本文简述了氮化硅陶瓷材料传统烧结与微波烧结的研究现状;比较分析了各种烧结技术制备的氮化硅陶瓷的微观结构和力学性能,得出了微波烧结氮化硅陶瓷的优越性;最后提出氮化硅陶瓷微波烧结在未来研究中还需解决的问题。     

Ultralight Silicon Nitride Ceramic Foams from Foams Stabilized by Partially Hydrophobic Particles

Ultralight Si₃N₄ ceramic foams have been successfully prepared through particle‐stabilized foams method, which is based on the adsorption of in situ hydrophobized Si₃N₄ particles to the liquid/air interface of the foams. Here, we firstly used a long‐chain surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium chloride to render the Si₃N₄ particles partially hydrophobic. By tailoring the surfactant concentration and pH values of the suspensions, the wet foams were stabilized to avoid coarsening and coalescence. SEM results show that the Si₃N₄ ceramic foams possess single strut walls with elongated β‐Si₃N₄ grains interlocking with each other, and their pores are uniform with an average pore size of 95 μm. The obtained ceramic foams maintain compressive strength of 1.34 ± 0.13 MPa with porosity of 92.0%, when the suspension contains 3 mmol/L surfactant at the pH of 11.0.     

低介电常数多孔氮化硅陶瓷材料的制备

采用有机泡沫前躯体浸渍工艺制备了低介电、低密度的氮化硅陶瓷。以氮化硅粉体为主要原料,制备粘度和流动性合适的水基料浆,并以软质聚氨酯泡沫塑料为载体,在真空状态下浸渍,然后在氧化气氛下排塑,在氮气气氛下烧结,得到了低介电常数的多孔氮化硅陶瓷材料。所制备的材料性能可达到：容积密度为0.12g/cm3、介电常数为1.15、介电...