苯冲击压缩特性的理论计算

用MCR液体变分微扰理论计算了苯冲击压缩曲线,计算中苯分子间相互作用势采用EXP-6等效两体势模型,势参数通过对实验数据的拟合优选,计算中采用了Tang修正后的硬球径向分布函数.计算结果在未反应段与Dick等人的实验数据符合较好.计算结果表明苯的振动激发对其冲击物性有着重要影响,选α值为13.4能更准确地反映苯分子间的相互作用.?     

He-HF体系势能模型对散射截面影响的理论研究

用BFW势函数拟合在CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVQZ理论水平下计算的He-HF相互作用能，获得了He原子与HF分子相互作用的各向异性势，并与其他势模型进行比较，验证了拟合势的可靠性；然后采用量子密耦(Close-Coupling)方法分别计算了He-HF碰撞体系在五种不同势能模型下的微分散射截面、分波散射截面和总截面，并对计算结果进行了详细的比较和分析.研究表明：势能球平均零点能位置、势阱深度、排斥势的强度以及势能在势阱附近的方向性都对散射截面有较大影响. 关键词： 势能模型 密耦方法 散射截面     

MgB和MgB_2(~1A_1)的结构与解析势能函数

分别采用QCISD/6-311G和QCISD/6-311++G(df)方法,对MgB和MgB2分子的微观结构进行理论计算.在此计算基础上,运用多体展式理论方法,推导出MgB2分子的解析势能函数,其等值势能面图准确再现了MgB2分子的结构特征及势阱深度,并讨论了B+MgB和Mg+BB分子反应的势能面特征.这些结果可用于微观反应动力学的研究.     

高温高密度条件下氮分子三体关联效应与冲击压缩特性

 基于量子化学从头计算方法,计算了处于高密度条件下氮分子之间的两体排斥势和三体关联势,并采用球面平均近似求得了它们各自的高温平均势能值,得到了包括三体关联效应的等效两体势函数与分子间距的解析关系。借助分子流体微扰变分理论,并考虑van der Waals长程作用,分别采用总平均两体势和总等效两体势,计算了液氮的冲击压缩曲线。计算结果表明,在不需要考虑分子离解的压缩范围内（1～35 GPa）,三体关联效应的贡献使分子间总等效两体势函数比单独两个分子间总平均作用势函数明显软化,与实验Hugoniot数据结果一致。     

MRCI计算研究B2+分子的结构和解析势能函数

采用从头计算的多参考组态CI方法(MRCI) 和B原子Dunnings相关调和基函数含扩散基的大基组aug-cc-pVQZ对B+2分子的基态和低激发态的势能曲线进行计算 .利用Huxley函数、Murrell-Sorbie函数和最小二乘法拟合出了解析势能函数,并以此为基础计算出光谱常数.通过比较发现:Huxley 函数比MS函数的拟合方差更小,能更好地再现分子中原子间相互作用.采用两种函数所得解析势能函数与从头计算势能曲线间的误差RMS 均远小于化学精度4.184 kJ/mol的要求,表明所得解析势能函数很好地再现了这些态中原子间的相互作用情况,可用于更广泛的研究.     

B3分子的结构和势能函数

利用从头计算法QCISD/6-311G**确定了B3分子的基电子态,并计算了结构参数.采用原子分子反应静力学原理推导了其离解极限.在此基础上,用多体展式法导出了B3(X2A′1)的解析势能函数,可用于进一步的计算研究.通过势能函数等值图和三维图分析和展示了B3分子的结构特点,并指出由B2到B3分子的最可能途径.     

基于滑动势能面的二维材料原子尺度摩擦行为的量化计算

近年来,二维材料优异的摩擦特性成为人们关注的焦点,然而目前缺乏理论上对其摩擦力进行快速、有效、精确的计算预测方法.本文提出采用密度泛函理论计算真实体系的滑动势能面,利用得到的"数值型势能面"替代传统的解析势函数,并结合Prandtl-Tomlinson模型,量化求解具有复杂形状势能面的真实二维材料体系的摩擦行为.基于该方法,揭示了原子力显微镜实验中观察到的石墨烯Moire纹超晶格结构的双周期"黏-滑"摩擦现象;理论预测了二维材料异质结构的层间超低摩擦现象,相对于同质材料,其静摩擦力和滑动摩擦力均成数量级降低,发现势能面起伏和驱动弹簧刚度均会影响层间相对滑动路径,进而对层间的摩擦行为产生影响.该方法同样可拓展到其他van der Waals作用主导的界面摩擦体系.     

应用扩展的2CJL模型确定微观势能参数

本文应用扩展的2CLJ势能模型优化了若干线型分子的微观势能参数.该模型包含了二分子间长程静电和诱导作用,同时也考虑了极性分子偶极矩与分子轴不平行的情况.通过第二维里系数的实验数据回归获得简单线型分子N2、O2、Cl2、F2、CO、NO、C2H6和C2F6的硬球直径σ和阱深ε.强极性分子CH3Cl、CH3F、CH3CF3、CF3CH2F和CH3CHF2的第二维里系数运用改进的混合规则计算得到,计算结果与实验数据符合很好.     

基态S3分子的结构与解析势能函数

本文采用Gaussian03 B3P86方法,在6-311 G(3d2f)基组水平上,对S3分子进行几何优化理论计算,计算结果表明S3分子基态1A1最稳定的构型为C2V构型,其离解能为10.8372 eV,能量最小值为-1193.19946 a.u.,计算还得到了谐振频率、力常数,计算结果与实验值符合得很好.在此基础上利用多体展式理论方法得到了S3分子的解析势能函数和等值势能图,势能函数正确反映了S3分子的构型与能量变化.     

Na2H的基态结构与势能函数

采用二次组态相关(QCISD)方法对NaH分子进行理论计算,得到它的几何结构、光谱性质,并拟合出它的Murrell-Sorbie势能函数.应用密度泛函(B3LYP)方法,在6-311G(3df,3pd)基组水平上对Na2H分子的基态结构进行优化,并用同样的基组对该分子进行了进一步的频率计算.结果发现Na2H分子的基态稳态结构为C2v构型,采用多体项展式理论导出了它的解析势能函数,其等值势能图准确再现了Na2H分子的结构特征和离解能.并报导了该分子对称伸缩振动等值势能图中存在的两个对称鞍点,对应于反应NaH Na→Na2H,活化能大约为14.56 kJ/mol.     

Evidence for temperature-dependent electron band dispersion in pentacene

Evidence for temperature-dependent electron band dispersion in a pentacene thin film polymorph on graphite is provided by angle- and energy-dependent ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy. The bands derived from the highest occupied molecular orbital exhibit dispersion of approximately 190 meV at room temperature, and approximately 240 meV at 120 K. Intermolecular electronic coupling in pentacene thin films is thus confirmed to be dependent on temperature and possibly crystal structure, as suggested by additional infrared absorption measurements.     

Structural and optical properties of layers of pentacene formed by PLD method

Organic films fabrication offers the possibility of producing electronic devices of low weight, mechanical flexibility and low cost. One suitable material for organic film fabrigation which is the subject of the great interest is pentacene, because it is characterized by the large carrier mobility (∼1 cm²/Vs). In this work, the growth of pentacene layers using pulse laser deposition (PLD) on different substrates (glass/ITO, Si) is described and various processing parameters are investigated. Two pulsed YAG:Nd³⁺ laser wavelengths were used for the ablation of the PLD target: the first harmonic at 1064 nm aGn:dNdth3+e second at 532 nm. The structure of the layers formed was examined using SEM and RHEED methods. The results were compared with results of optical spectroscopy studies. It will be shown that layers deposed using second harmonics have a higher quality than those for first harmonic. The other PLD parametersalso have a strong influence on the structure quality of layers.      

The interplay of topography and energy dissipation in pentacene thin films

Nonlinear photoemission electron microscopy was used to study the morphology-dependent lifetime of electronic excitations in pentacene islands on Si(0 0 1) and (√3 × √3)R30°-Ag/Si(1 1 1). After an optical excitation of electrons by a λ = 400 nm femtosecond laser pulse the characteristic decay times were measured with spatial resolution in a pump-probe setup. For pentacene on Si(0 0 1), the observed lifetimes vary by a factor of two between the wetting layer and the fractal-shaped pentacene islands. The measured lifetime difference is explained by a difference in the electronic coupling of the pentacene islands and the wetting layer to the substrate. For pentacene on (√3 × √3)R30°-Ag/Si(1 1 1), similar lifetimes are found, although the orientation of the pentacene molecules in the compact islands is rotated. Our findings suggest that electronic excitations in higher layers of the pentacene islands do not diffuse to the interface before they decay.     

Mixing of electronic states in pentacene adsorption on copper

By combining experimental and theoretical approaches, we study the adsorption of pentacene on copper as a model for the coupling between aromatic molecules and metal surfaces. Our results for the interface electronic structure are not compatible with a purely physisorption picture, which is conventionally employed for such systems. Nay, we demonstrate electronic mixing between molecular orbitals and metal electronic states.     

Surface and interface properties of thin pentacene and parylene layers

To improve Organic Thin Film Transistor (OTFT) properties we study OTFT semiconductor/dielectric interfacial properties via examination of the gate dielectric using thin Parylene C layer. Structural and morphology properties of pentacene layers deposited on parylene layer and SiO₂/Si substrate structure were compared. The surface morphology was investigated using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). AFM topography of pentacene layer in non-contact mode confirmed the preferable pentacene grain formation on parylene surface in dependence on layer thickness. The distribution of chemical species on the surfaces and composition depth profiles were measured by secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) and surface imaging. The depth profiles of the analyzed structures show a homogenous pentacene layer, characterized with C or C₂ ions. Relatively sharp interface between pentacene and parylene layers was estimated by characteristic increased intensity of CCl ions peak. For revealing the pentacene phases in the structures the Micro-Raman spectroscopy was utilized. Conformal coatings of parylene and pentacene layers without pinholes resulted from the deposition process as was confirmed by SIMS surface imaging. For the pentacene layers thicker than 20 nm, both thin and bulk pentacene phases were detected by Micro-Raman spectroscopy, while for the pentacene layer thickness of 5 and 10 nm the preferable thin phase was detected. The complete characterisation of pentacene layers deposited on SiO₂ and parylene surface revealed that the formation of large grains suggests 3D pentacene growth at parylene layer with small voids between grains and more than one monolayer step growth. The results will be utilized for optimization of the deposition process.      

Role of surface electronic structure in thin film molecular ordering

We show that the orientation of pentacene molecules is controlled by the electronic structure of the surface on which they are deposited. We suggest that the near-Fermi level density of states above the surface controls the interaction of the substrate with the pentacene pi orbitals. A reduction of this density as compared to noble metals, realized in semimetallic Bi(001) and Si(111)(5 x 2)Au surfaces, results in pentacene standing up. Interestingly, pentacene grown on Bi(001) is highly ordered, yielding the first vertically oriented epitaxial pentacene thin films observed to date.     

并五苯分子在Ag(110)表面成膜过程中的结构研究

采用低能电子衍射原位研究了并五苯分子（C₂₂H₁₄）在Ag(110)单晶表面的生长，观察了在初期沉积过程及随后基底变温过程中分子层结构的形成和变化.室温下并五苯分子在Ag(110)基底表面具有高的迁移性，从开始无序的亚单层膜结构逐渐形成有序的单层膜结构．实验和理论分析表明：并五苯分子平铺在Ag(110)表面，形成了与基底构成有关的有序结构，存在沿基底晶向成镜面对称的两种畴界取向，在基底温度从室温升高到接近并五苯升华温度的过程中，基底上的有序分子层结构保持稳定不变 关键词： 并五苯 低能电子衍射图案 分子层结构 Ag(110)     

The interaction of oxygen and ozone with pentacene

We use ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy (UPS) to investigate the effect of oxygen and air exposure on pentacene thin film electronic structure. It is found that O₂ and water do not react noticeably with pentacene on the timescale of several hours, whereas a mixture of oxygen atoms, singlet oxygen and ozone readily oxidizes the organic compound. We obtain no evidence for irreversible intercalation of oxygen into pentacene or considerable p-type doping after re-evacuation. Infrared spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy are used to study the oxidation of pentacene thin films. Our data suggest the oxidation of pentacene with reactive oxygen species to yield highly volatile reaction products as evidenced by significant mass-losses of the films.     

Concerning the first-order phase transition in the low-dimensional organic superconductor (BEDO—TTF)2ReO4 · H2O. Crystal and electronic band structures below the phase transition (T = 170 K)

The effect of the first-order phase transition occurring around 220 K on the crystal and electronic structure of the molecular superconductor (BEDO-TTF) has been studied. The crystal structure at 170 K has been determined and it is found that the main structural change resulting from the phase transition is connected with a rotation of the anions. This rotation leads to changes in the SS and SO intermolecular contacts within the BEDO-TTF donor layers. How these structural changes affect the electronic structure of the salt is studied by comparing the transfer integrals for the different donordonor intermolecular interactions calculated for the room temperature and 170 K crystal structures. It is shown that Fermi surfaces for the 170 K and room temperature structures are very similar, do not exhibit nesting properties, and can be described as resulting from the hybridization of superposing ellipses. Received: 4 September 1997 / Received in final form: 2 December 1997 / Accepted: 3 December 1997