25英寸QPF动态聚焦电子枪的计算和分析

采用动态聚焦电子枪是提高ＣＲＴ全屏分辨率的有效手段。本文对一种应用于２５英寸彩色显像管的动态聚焦电子枪进行了设计、计算和分析，并且对实验枪进行了测试和分析。     

高清晰度电视用16／9彩色显象管

根据日本电子工业协会标准，开发了１６：９的８６ｃｍ和７６ｃｍ玻壳民用和专用高清晰度电视彩色显象管。８６ｃｍ民用管引用的新技术：①大屏幕和细节距（０．６２ｍｍ）条式荧光屏和拐角支持的荫罩结构；②具有１型阴极的高性能多级预聚焦动态象散聚焦电子枪；③具有会聚调整系统的自会聚偏转线圈。７６ｃｍ专用管引用的新技术：①大屏幕和高分辨率（０．３６节距）点式荧光屏；②具有１型阴极的超大直径（为以前的１．４倍）高分辨率多级预聚焦动态象散聚焦电子枪；③具有高精度两瓣合成的均匀磁场偏转线圈。     

动态聚焦电子枪的计算与分析

采用动态聚焦电子枪能够提高ＣＲＴ的边缘分辩率，本文对一种动态聚焦电子枪进行了计算与分析，并讨论了其静态聚焦特性，动态聚焦特性及四极场的作用。     

动态聚焦技术及动态聚焦电子枪

截至目前，动态聚焦技术是改进大屏幕、大偏转角显像管边角分辨率和高清晰度彩色显示管分辨率均匀性的最有效方法。本文介绍与讨论了在荧光屏边缘处电子束点畸变原因以及几种典型动态聚焦电子枪的结构与性能。     

CRT用A—EA—MDF电子枪

Ａ－ＥＡ－ＭＤＦ电子枪,是新开发出来的高分辨率枪,用于高清晰度彩色显示管中,它的动态聚焦电压降低了２０％,光点直径下降了１６％（屏中央）和１３％（屏四角）。主要是采用了缝型场曲面较正透镜和强四极式透镜。     

场致发射阵列阴极电子枪的设计及模拟研究

讨论了微波管用电子枪的一般参数和要求，对于在微波管中应用场发射阵列阴极电子枪的情况作了分析，表明其中存在的主要问题是电子注散焦。通过比较场发射电子注聚焦的几种方法，利用传统电子枪整体聚焦的思想，初步设计了一个场发射阵列阴极电子枪模型，它包括场致发射阵列阴极，一个Whelnelt电极，一个聚焦电极和一个阳极。通过利用Mafia软件对电子注轨迹的模拟计算，对电子枪的聚焦部分进行了改进。     

高分辨率显示器

一条超高/高分辨率彩色及黑白数据显功监视器生产线在Panasonic Industrial公司的设备制造厂建成投产。19英寸TX-2027MA型超高分辨率彩邑显示监视器的特点是:0.26mm的三色点间距;P22RGB短余辉荧光粉和90度偏转角的摄影型阴极射线管。监视器的其它关键特征还包括:改善边角聚焦的一字形电子枪的动态象散及聚焦     

重叠型大口径电子枪的开发

NEC研制成功的高分辨率显示管用重叠型大口径电子枪(简称SFL电子枪),由于改进了聚焦特性和会聚特性,实现了大容量且高分辨率的高品质显示。 SFL电子枪采用降低象差的非对称预聚焦透镜,抵销自会聚偏转磁场所引起的电子束光点畸变的和重叠型大口径主电子透镜。     

用于超薄管的创新概念电子枪

在薄型管和超薄管中，全屏面光点性能的一致性是电子枪创新要研究的新问题。该成就的关键就是解决用于薄型管电子束的动态聚焦（DAF）问题，其结论就是对于纯平CRT在整体上无需增加任何额外装置。     

单枪彩色密封油膜光阀管的电子枪与偏转聚焦系统的对中要求

正 单枪彩色密封油膜光阀管的原理和结构见文献[1]。它的电子枪和偏转聚焦系统由于不是整体对中装配,因此存在对中公差的要求。由于电子枪的电极尺寸和各电极之间的距离可以确定,电子束的光斑大小可从电子枪的通过率和限制膜孔的大小推算出,所以电子枪与偏转聚焦系统的对中公差要求可以据此进行估计。 (一)电子枪和偏转聚焦系统的结构 单枪彩色油膜光阀管的电子枪是皮尔斯枪,在阳极上有限制膜孔。 偏转聚焦系统包括:小偏转板、预偏转板、主偏转板和漂移环等。其中预偏转板、主     

A method of reducing the effects of anode aperture in high-perveance convergent electron guns

A new theoretical method of designing convergent electron guns of high perveance for use in microwave tubes is presented here. A differential equation which represents electron trajectories in a convergent electron stream has been deduced under certain approximations. Electron trajectories in an electron stream and boundary values along its boundary were numerically calculated by solving the differential equation by means of an electronic computer. Boundary values on the virtual anode surface under space-charge-limited conditions were used as the initial values for the calculations. Focusing electrodes were determined to satisfy the boundary conditions on the stream boundary. The design procedure is also shown. The electron guns designed by this method are somewhat different in structure from the conventional ones which are usually designed experimentally rather than theoretically. In these new electron guns, nearly uniform current densities will be obtained over the whole cathode area, while in conventional convergent guns of high perveance, electron emission density near the center of the cathodes is usually reduced due to the influence of the anode aperture. Laminar flow will be obtained at points near the minimum stream diameter also in guns designed by this method. Digital computer experiments were performed and the results proved this hypothesis to be reasonable. An electron gun of 1.72 × 10^-6perveance and area convergence ratio of 70:1 is shown as an example.     

Three-dimensional analysis of cathode ray tubes for color television

Three-dimensional computer simulation demonstrates the principles used in the design of electron guns for color television tubes. A deformable-mesh finite difference analysis provides the electron trajectories from the cathode to the center of the screen. At the screen, the dimensions of the spot are obtained from the edge trajectory and from profiles of the current in the beam. Comparisons with measurements for three tubes show that the aspect ratios of the horizontal and vertical spot diameters agree within 14 percent or better. The computed beam currents are accurate to about 10 percent, and the optimum focus voltages to within 200 V.     

Multicolor storage tube

Multicolor storage tubes for applications with low frame rates have been built by modification of direct-viewing storage tubes. A perforated shadow mask is placed between the three writing guns and the storage surface. This shadow mask allows electrons from each writing gun to strike discrete storage areas, each containing a single aperture in register with a color dot on the view plate. In this way, it is possible to write and store electrical signals independently in adjacent color areas. Factors causing color impurity are described, together with the steps taken to minimize their effects. A tube has been built that shows good color purity in a 6-inch-diameter circle; it has 75 total color dots per inch resolution, 8 foot-lamberts brightness, and about 1-minute persistence. Other possible multicolor storage tube designs are discussed.     

Design of hollow and strip beam guns

This paper covers a study of strip and hollow beam guns. An automatic electron trajectory tracer has been used to study the properties of the slit-anode lens common to these types of guns. A thin beam approximation was made so that a flat-bottom electrolytic tank could be used. The results of this study have been incorporated into gun design charts. Eight hollow beam guns have been built and tested experimentally. The experimental data of these guns compare favorably with the data obtained from the anode-lens study. The limitation of thermal velocities on the maximum area compression of strip and hollow beam guns is discussed. The experimental results of a focusing scheme which uses a uniform magnetic field to focus a hollow beam down concentric drift tubes are discussed.     

Low-voltage color tube gun assembly with periodic focusing

One type of color tube, often referred to as the post acceleration color tube, requires a gun of unique design. The gun operates at relatively low voltages of 5000 to 7000 volts as compared with 20,000 to 30,000 volts in other types of color tubes. The tricolor gun assembly described consists of three individual guns arranged in a plane. This limits the inside diameter of the electrodes to 0.358 inch as compared with half an inch or more in conventional guns. The individual guns are either triodes or tetrodes with periodic focusing. In spite of the above mentioned restrictions the spot size is about 0.038 inch at 300 microamperes screen current per gun and 7000 volts anode voltage. The depth of focus is very satisfactory because of small beam diameter.     

大屏幕彩色显像管电子枪聚焦性能分析

电子枪聚焦性能是由电极结构决定的，本文通过计算机模拟的方式对3种典型的用于大屏幕彩色显像管电子枪的为形貌进行了系统的模拟，对各电子枪聚焦特性进行了分析和比较表明电子束形成区，主透镜结构对屏幕中心，角部的着屏光点及不同电流下了聚焦的稳定性都有较大的影响。     

Electron images of vidicon cathodes

Excessive patchiness of the emission from the oxide-coated cathodes used in cathode-ray tubes, camera tubes and traveling-wave tubes can have adverse effects on their performance or useful life. There is a simple technique for forming an electron image of a CRT cathode directly on the view screen. This technique, which has been known for more than 30 years, may be used to show patchiness when it exists, but it has not been possible in the past to image the cathode of a camera tube because of the lack of a built-in display mechanism (phosphor-coated view screen) and because of the peculiar geometry of the electron guns. A technique has now been devised for displaying the electron images of vidicon cathodes. This technique comprises) 1) priming the optical image-sensing surface with uniform light, 2) projecting a "pinhole snapshot" electron image of the cathode on the image-sensing surface with an unscanned beam and storing it there, and 3) reading out the stored image with the normal scanning beam and displaying it on a CRT monitor. Photographs of electron images of vidicon cathodes obtained in this manner are shown in this paper.     

Simple derivation of the expression for the synchronous field in circular cylindrical cavity gyrotrons

It is shown that the expression for the synchronous field at any point in a circular cylindrical cavity can be easily obtained using Graf's formula. The result is applied to the calculation of cavity-beam coupling impedances. Results for the ratio of coupling impedances in tubes using magnetron injection guns and tubes in which the guiding centre of the electron beam is on the cavity axis are given. For operation at half the cyclotron magnetic field, the coupling impedance is much higher for tubes of the second type.     

日立公司最新电子枪技术

对日立公司新一代彩色显像管用电子枪的结构及性能进行了剖析和系统讨论. 聚焦对比实验显示出日立公司新一代电子枪具有优越的聚焦性能.