PCMA系统自干扰频率估计新算法

成对载波多址（PCMA）是一种新兴的频率重用技术,通过对自干扰信号的重构和抑制能够有效提高系统容量,其关键技术在于自干扰信号的参数估计。针对PCMA系统特点提出了一种无需单独训练的自干扰信号频率估计新方法,利用本地信号与对方信号的弱相关性,基于最小均方误差拟合准则拟合出相关函数的估计曲线,从而获得频偏估计值。仿真结果表明该算法能够得到比较小的估计误差和较为理想的误码率性能。     

PCMA提高双向卫星通信系统频带利用率的新技术

载波成对复用（PCMA）技术是一种新技术，主要适用于双向卫星通信系统。采用PCMA可使空间段资源节省约50％．或者说可使卫星信道的频带利用率提高一倍。首先介绍了PCMA的基本原理．然后深入分析了PCMA的实现方案及关键技术．最后展望了PCMA的应用前景。     

PCMA系统中符号和定时联合估计

针对现有PCMA（paired carrier multiple access）信号处理算法需要先分离后解调,且解调性能受分离误差影响的缺点,提出了一种基于粒子滤波的符号和定时联合估计算法。首先通过对接收PCMA信号进行动态状态空间建模,然后在贝叶斯估计框架下,利用粒子滤波方法对符号和定时进行联合估计。仿真实验表明,该算法能够有效地进行定时估计,同时具有良好的误码率性能。     

PCMA自适应自干扰对消算法与仿真

讨论了成对载波多址(PCMA)自适应自干扰对消原理,分析了参数估计误差对自干扰对消的影响。在频偏误差的影响下对消误差为非平稳过程,传统自适应对消滤波器无法收敛。为了克服频偏误差的影响,提出了一种自适应可变遗忘因子(VFF)RLS算法,同时,给出了具有高精度低运算量的模糊函数参数估计算法。仿真证明了VFF-RLS对消算法具有良好的对消性能和稳健性,且需要的额外功率较低,能满足PCMA系统要求。     

成对载波多址系统中干扰信号幅度的估计

导出了成对载波多址(PCMA)系统中干扰信号幅度估计的克拉美-罗不等式，提出了一种适合于PCMA系统的干扰信号幅度的估计算法，并对其性能进行了仿真。仿真结果表明，文中提出改进的估计器性能在较高值噪比下接近克拉美-罗不等式。     

基于低轨卫星PCMA信号的信道估计算法研究

【目的】随着天地一体化信息网络的发展,低轨卫星通信系统迎来发展热潮,成对载波多址（PCMA）技术凭借其节省带宽资源的优点也逐渐向低轨卫星通信发展。然而,传统PCMA技术多用于高轨卫星中,无法适应低轨卫星信道高动态的衰落信道特性,使得PCMA接收端误码性能大大下降,其中的瓶颈在于重叠信号的信道估计与均衡技术。【方法】针对低轨卫星信道特点,文章提出了一种联合训练序列估计与自回归（AR）模型预测的信道估计方案。借鉴叠加训练序列信道估计的思想,引入了适用于PCMA混合信号信道估计的迭代方法,通过迭代提升训练序列信道估计的精确度;并利用AR模型实时预测数据序列的信道状态信息（CSI）,同时也通过AR模型预测达到降低训练序列信道估计频次的目的,以适应低轨卫星信道的动态性。【结果】仿真结果表明,叠加训练序列信道估计的思路可以适用于PCMA信号中,经过迭代可以获得精确信道估计值。文章所提方法可以有效提高信道估计的精确性,且经过信号分离以及解调后,在信噪比>9 dB时误码率可以达到10-3量级。【结论】文章所提信道估计方案并入PCMA接收方案中后,误码率损失在可接受范围内,可以支持PCMA技术在低...     

PCMA系统中干扰信号的载波相位估计

文章研究了PCMA系统中干扰信号的载波相位估计问题。首先导出了干扰抑制比与载波相位估计方差的关系；然后通过理论分析得到了干扰信号载波相位估计的最佳观测长度与归一化载波剩余频率偏差的关系表达式，并得到了最佳观测长度下载波相位估计的最小方差；最后研究了干扰抵消时载波相位的内插问题。     

基于前馈神经网络的非合作PCMA信号盲分离算法

针对非合作接收PCMA混合信号盲分离中高复杂度束缚,提出一种基于前馈神经网络的分离算法,通过搭建神经网络分离平台,规避传统的发送符号遍历思想,实现PCMA混合信号低复杂度高性能盲分离.仿真实验表明,神经网络能够极大挖掘信号内在信息,针对QPSK调制PCMA混合信号,在信噪比7dB时误比特率达到10^-3数量级,并伴随着较PSP分离算法算术平方根级别的复杂度降低.     

非对称PCMA卫星信号的截获方法

近年来PCMA等卫星通信新技术的应用对卫星通信信号的截获提出了更高的要求,通过分析PCMA卫星通信系统的工作原理,借鉴多用户检测技术中串行干扰抵消的基本思想,提出一种针对非对称PCMA信号的截获方法,并进行了性能仿真。仿真结果表明,在没有任何先验信息的情况下,可以实现对非对称PCMA信号中双方信号的截获和解调。     

Subspace based estimation of the signal to interference ratio for TDMA cellular systems

The Signal‐to‐Interference Ratio (SIR) has been highlighted in the literature to be a most efficient criterion for several methods aiming at reducing the effects of cochannel interference, e.g., diversity reception, dynamic channel allocation and power control. In this paper we address the problem of how to obtain fast and accurate measurements of this parameter in a practical context. We develop a general SIR estimation technique for narrow‐band cellular systems that is based on a signal subspace approach using the sample covariance matrix of the received signal. Simulation results using the frame structure in the GSM system show that the SIR can be estimated to within an error of 0.3 dB after only 200 ms, or within an error of 0.1 dB after only 0.6 seconds.     

Subspace based estimation of the signal to interference ratio for TDMA cellular systems

The Signal‐to‐Interference Ratio (SIR) has been highlighted in the literature to be a most efficient criterion for several methods aiming at reducing the effects of cochannel interference, e.g., diversity reception, dynamic channel allocation and power control. In this paper we address the problem of how to obtain fast and accurate measurements of this parameter in a practical context. We develop a general SIR estimation technique for narrow‐band cellular systems that is based on a signal subspace approach using the sample covariance matrix of the received signal. Simulation results using the frame structure in the GSM system show that the SIR can be estimated to within an error of 0.3 dB after only 200 ms, or within an error of 0.1 dB after only 0.6 seconds. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Joint estimation of interference frequency offset and time delay in PCMA system

For cooperative received high-order modulation PCMA (paired carrier multiple access) signals,joint estima-tion of frequency offset and time delay was proposed.The sequence samples stored locally were used as auxiliary data.Estimation of frequency offset and time delay was calculated by optimizing the objective function,which was obtained from the cross-correlation computation of the auxiliary data and mixed signal,and the optimized process was accom-plished by utilizing two-dimensional search.By setting the threshold of joint estimation,the calculated amount was greatly reduced.Modified Cramer-Rao bound (MCRB) of interference frequency offset and time delay was derived,which provided theoretical basis for performance of the proposed algorithm.Simulation results show that the algorithm has similar performance with existing algorithms,but its complexity is reduced by two-thirds.     

基于非线性滤波的非对称PCMA信号盲分离

针对非对称PCMA（Paired Carrier Multiple Access）信号盲分离问题,在一种低复杂度的盲分离结构基础上,提出了一种基于非线性滤波的盲分离算法,并深入研究了弱信号影响下强信号解调误码率理论界。该算法在混合信号按强信号同步的基础上,利用弱信号波形的可预测性,引入非线性滤波的方法对弱信号的波形进行预测,从混合信号中减去预测的弱信号波形来降低强信号解调误码率。仿真结果表明,经非线性滤波后强信号解调误码性能比对混合信号直接硬判决时强信号解调误码性能有较大提升。      

Amplitude estimation of signal with unknown duration

Quasilikelihood and maximum likelihood algorithms for estimating the amplitude of arbitrary waveform signal with unknown duration have been synthesized. Characteristics of the synthesized algorithms have been also found.     

基于PSP及Kalman滤波的PCMA信号盲分离算法

提出了一种成对载波多址系统中信息序列和信道联合估计的算法。该算法在不具备任一协作通信方发送的信息序列的先验知识前提下从混合信号中解调出两路信息序列。该算法结合了逐幸存路径处理法无延迟的信道参数估计特性和Kalman滤波良好的估计性能。仿真实验表明,该算法具有良好的信道捕获与跟踪能力,且实现较好的符号序列估计性能。     

Blind separation of asymmetric PCMA signal based on soft information joint correction

On the basis of a blind separation structure with low complexity,an efficient blind separation algorithm based on soft information joint correction was proposed for asymmetric PCMA to improve the demodulation performance of strong and weak signals.By utilizing the demodulation mutual influence between the strong and weak signals,this algorithm tried to correct the receiving symbols of strong signal with high error probability.Comparing the symbol constellation quality (soft information) of signals before and after correction,it can be decided whether the hard decision values of strong and weak signals need to be modified,which efficiently reduce the demodulation error rate of strong and weak signals.The simulation results show that,the demodulation error rate of strong and weak signals can be reduced by nearly two orders of magnitude after joint correction especially when the signal to noise ratio of strong signal is higher than 17 dB,and the computational complexity of this algorithm is lower than that of the conventional reconstruction cancellation algorithm.     

基于信号子空间的改进OFDM系统信道半盲估计

本文改进了一种基于信号子空间的OFDM系统半盲信道估计算法.该算法利用基于梯度变化的变遗忘因子递归最小二乘算法(GVFF-RLS)计算接收信号的自相关矩阵.通过同时对角化接收信号中的信息信号和噪声信号的全局协方差矩阵,推导出噪声信号子空间,无需对噪声信号的统计特性进行任何先验假定.本算法弥补了原始算法在慢衰落信道下收敛慢以及只限于加性白噪声的不足,实现了色噪声背景下高效半盲信道估计.仿真结果表明本文提出的算法具有良好的性能.     

基于两次多项式拟合的人眼注视方向估计

针对单相机、无辅助光源的人眼视线估计系统固有的精度低、头部运动受限等问题,本文提出了基于两次多项式拟合的、单相机、单辅助光源的视线估计方法。在准确提取辅助光源在角膜表面产生的反射光斑和虹膜中心的基础上,以反射光斑为基准点考察虹膜中心相对于反射光斑的偏移与注视点之间的映射关系。首先通过第一次多项式拟合考察注视点不变而反射光斑位置发生变化,对虹膜中心与反射光斑相对位置的影响,以此确定相对于任意位置的反射光斑,对应测试板上15个测试点的理想虹膜中心偏移。然后通过第二次多项式拟合考察当反射光斑在图像中的位置确定后,虹膜中心偏移与注视点之间的对应关系。通过两次拟合,实现了人眼注视方向的有效估计,在允许头部自由运动的前提下,测试样本的水平方向平均注视误差为1.31°,竖直方向平均注视误差为1.00°。