Unconventional superconductivity in PuCoGa5

In the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer theory of superconductivity, electrons form (Cooper) pairs through an interaction mediated by vibrations in the underlying crystal structure. Like lattice vibrations, antiferromagnetic fluctuations can also produce an attractive interaction creating Cooper pairs, though with spin and angular momentum properties different from those of conventional superconductors. Such interactions have been implicated for two disparate classes of materials--the copper oxides and a set of Ce- and U-based compounds. But because their transition temperatures differ by nearly two orders of magnitude, this raises the question of whether a common pairing mechanism applies. PuCoGa5 has a transition temperature intermediate between those classes and therefore may bridge these extremes. Here we report measurements of the nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate and Knight shift in PuCoGa5, which demonstrate that it is an unconventional superconductor with properties as expected for antiferromagnetically mediated superconductivity. Scaling of the relaxation rates among all of these materials (a feature not exhibited by their Knight shifts) establishes antiferromagnetic fluctuations as a likely mechanism for their unconventional superconductivity and suggests that related classes of exotic superconductors may yet be discovered.     

Speciation by hybridization in Heliconius butterflies

Speciation is generally regarded to result from the splitting of a single lineage. An alternative is hybrid speciation, considered to be extremely rare, in which two distinct lineages contribute genes to a daughter species. Here we show that a hybrid trait in an animal species can directly cause reproductive isolation. The butterfly species Heliconius heurippa is known to have an intermediate morphology and a hybrid genome, and we have recreated its intermediate wing colour and pattern through laboratory crosses between H. melpomene, H. cydno and their F1 hybrids. We then used mate preference experiments to show that the phenotype of H. heurippa reproductively isolates it from both parental species. There is strong assortative mating between all three species, and in H. heurippa the wing pattern and colour elements derived from H. melpomene and H. cydno are both critical for mate recognition by males.     

双自由飞行空间机器人协调操作动力学分析

分析了自由飞行空间机器人(FFSR)的速度和加速度的关系,推导出两个自由飞行空间机器人(FFSR)协调操作的动力学方程以及各机械臂的关节驱动力矩的计算方法。提出了基于机器人广义雅可比矩阵(GJM)实现对机械臂关节驱动力矩的控制方法。最后,用计算机仿真验证文中提出方案的可行性。     

长歌短哭总未宜--小论史湘云

史湘云是“金陵十二钗”中最爽朗真率、英气夺人的“异样女子”。她出身不幸,却乐观开朗;才情洋溢,却不矜不骄;出言爽利,却坦荡无私;喜爱男妆,颇有名士之风、英豪之气。然而,这一切都填不平命运给她预设的陷阱,难逃“万艳同悲”的结局。     

湖北省九宫山自然保护区蝶类调查初报

九宫山自然保护区位于湖北省东南部,地处幕阜山脉中段北坡,11430′～11443′E?2922′～2928′N.最低海拔200 m,最高海拔16567 m,面积72987 hm2,相对湿度80%～90%,年降雨量1800 mm以上,以季雨林成分和中亚热带原始常绿阔叶林为主.由于九宫山气候湿润,植物种类丰富,昆虫分布相当复杂,特别是蝶类资源极为丰富.1999年7月中旬,我们对湖北省九宫山自然保护区(通山县)的蝶类资源进行了初步的调查,采集的标本经鉴定共有40种[1],分别隶属于9科30属,其中有5种为湖北省分布新记录[2～5],它们是蒙链荫眼蝶?黄翅翠蛱蝶?银灰蝶?摩来彩灰蝶和浓紫彩灰…     

湖北应山自然保护区蝶类多样性及区系的研究

对湖北省应山自然保护区蝶类资源进行调查研究，共发现蝶类68种，隶属8科45属，其中的蛱蝶亚科的类为保护区蝶类中的优势种群，研究表明，该地区蝶类具有东洋界属性向古北界过渡的特征。     

Unconventional critical behaviour in a quasi-two-dimensional organic conductor

Changing the interactions between particles in an ensemble--by varying the temperature or pressure, for example--can lead to phase transitions whose critical behaviour depends on the collective nature of the many-body system. Despite the diversity of ingredients, which include atoms, molecules, electrons and their spins, the collective behaviour can be grouped into several families (called 'universality classes') represented by canonical spin models. One kind of transition, the Mott transition, occurs when the repulsive Coulomb interaction between electrons is increased, causing wave-like electrons to behave as particles. In two dimensions, the attractive behaviour responsible for the superconductivity in high-transition temperature copper oxide and organic compounds appears near the Mott transition, but the universality class to which two-dimensional, repulsive electronic systems belongs remains unknown. Here we present an observation of the critical phenomena at the pressure-induced Mott transition in a quasi-two-dimensional organic conductor using conductance measurements as a probe. We find that the Mott transition in two dimensions is not consistent with known universality classes, as the observed collective behaviour has previously not been seen. This peculiarity must be involved in any emergent behaviour near the Mott transition in two dimensions.     

信阳地区蝶类记录

记录河南信阳地区蝶类73种,隶属于47属8科.东洋种25种(占34.25%),古北种29种(占39.73%),东洋古北共有种7种(占9.59%),广布种5种(占6.85%),中国特产种7种(占9.59%),其中河南省新记录3种.     

虎凤蝶取食不同寄主植物试验研究

目的 研究用中华虎凤蝶非天然寄主植物马蹄香和毛细辛进行替代饲养中华虎凤蝶的可行性.方法 通过3种不同寄主植物饲喂中华虎凤蝶和太白虎凤蝶幼虫,对两种虎凤蝶各龄期幼虫的发育历期、存活率和蛹的量度数据进行比较.结果 以马蹄香饲喂的中华虎凤蝶到3龄即全部死亡.以毛细辛饲喂的中华虎凤堞能正常生长,并完成化蛹.结论 毛细辛有可能作为中华虎凤蝶的替代寄主,而马蹄香不能作为替代寄主.     

基于贝叶斯网络的非常规突发事件灾情评估

非常规突发事件的发生往往给人民生命财产和国民经济造成巨大损失,由于传统的突发事件评估系统大多是基于历史数据或专家经验的静态系统,使得应对非常规突发事件时无法动态地有效融合多源信息,而且大量的变量和数据往往造成评估系统计算效率偏低.因此,针对以上问题,提出了基于贝叶斯网络的非常规突发事件灾情评估方法,并且通过对贝叶斯网络模型的拓扑结构进行优化进一步提高了系统的计算效率.通过简化的核电站机组外部电网震后评估算例对所述方法进行了验证.结果表明,基于贝叶斯网络的非常规突发事件评估方法具有多源信息表示、融合以及全局更新的能力,并且可以有效地提高计算效率,适用于非常规突发事件的灾情评估.
     

一种非常规矩形薄板弯曲元

提出一种与非常规三角形薄板弯曲元（ＴＲＵＮＣ）元相配的非常规矩形薄板弯曲元．这种新单元虽然采用与常规ＡＣＭ元相同的位移模式，但其精度一般都比后者高，而且比ＡＣＭ元的结构更简单，计算量更少，编程更容易     

论李白形象的非凡化

李白的一些生平事迹在他生前身后被非凡化了,这是一个很值得注意的文化现象。“长庚入梦”的神话化、“醉使力士”的英雄化以及“捉月骑鲸”的传说化这三个非凡化了的形象是人们向往“非凡”的心理的真实体现。