含酵母细胞发泡清酒的开发

新开发的发泡清酒的CO_2由酵母产生，清酒度+3，酸度1.8，氨基酸度为0.9，还原糖2.2％，酒精含量10.2％。于25℃接种酵母菌后，装瓶密封。使用的酵母菌能聚集成大团，且沉淀后对瓶底附着力很弱。对该发泡清酒的分析表明：CO_2气压为2.3～3.0kg/cm~2，清酒度+10，酸度2.2，酒精含量10.4％。由于CO_2的刺激，口感清凉爽快。轻轻摇动酒瓶，大团酵母细胞就会漂浮于酒液中，形如雪花，给人以无穷的乐趣。     

不同酵母酿造清酒的研究

以大米为原料,使用5种不同的酿酒酵母进行清酒发酵试验,并通过理化指标、感官评价、挥发性风味物质和有机酸的检测分析,筛选适合酿造清酒的最优酵母.结果表明,2号酵母酿造的清酒酒精度15.2％vol,总酸2.55 g/L,氨基酸态氮0.14 g/L,总糖12.4 g/L,总酯、β-苯乙醇、乙酸异戊酯含量最高,酒体清亮透明,口...     

耐酸高产清酒酵母ZJ-14发酵条件研究

以优质粳米为原料,在单因素实验基础上,采用正交试验法,研究耐酸性清酒酵母ZJ-14的发酵规律,为优质清酒生产提供理论基础.结果表明,料水比为1.5:1、酒母量为20%、米曲量为50%、乳酸量为8‰的条件下,测得清酒的酒精度为17.1%vol.     

清酒醪中酵母的生长和发酵

本文综合了清酒醪的若干影响因素,建立了酵母增殖和发酵速度方程式。     

应用嗜杀生香酵母提高清酒质量的研究

为实现纯种发酵,提高清酒质量,曾采用根霉分别与2-1392、2300等配合发酵,生香效果差,发酵过程染杂菌率达60％。运用从甜酒酿中分离选育的87-1嗜杀型生香酵母酿制的清酒,总酯含量提高50％,发酵环境净化率达100％,对野生酵母具较强的毒杀能力,且耐高糖发酵,能适应固态和半固态发酵工艺等等。(汉冯李)     

以玉米为原料酿造清酒的工艺研究

实验探讨了以玉米为单一原料酿制清酒的工艺。将玉米在亚硫酸溶液中浸泡50 h,脱胚去皮后进行蒸料,以米曲霉作为糖化剂,利用酵母进行发酵,7 d后结束。结果显示:玉米经处理后,其蛋白质含量和脂肪含量明显减少,各物质含量与大米更加接近。在25℃,pH5.0条件下使用安琪酵母菌发酵成的酒,其酒精度12.5%,氨基酸含量0.41 mg/ml。在活性炭添加量0.8 mg/ml条件下脱色24 h,所得清酒酒体清亮透明,具有特有的清香味。     

清酒酿造与磁力杀菌系统

杀菌法历来都是采用加热杀菌法,但温度条件会使香味平衡协调发生变化;未杀死的残留菌也会对酒质产生影响,对小批量、多样化制品的杀菌还存在诸多问题。要解决这些问题,有必要对各种杀菌方法作进一步研究。本文讨论了在常温下使用磁力和磁性粉(在实验室)对酵母菌的杀菌效果,以及制成小型生产设备后的实用性、可行性。     

用清酒技术酿造醇清黄酒的试验研究

用日本清酒技术酿造醇清黄酒生产试验，原料选用中，晚熟粳米，制曲以糙米为原料，用传统的曲盒法生产，酵母为醇2号纯种酵母，发酵投料分初投，二投，三投，成熟醑经压滤，61－62℃灭菌2－3min，再调质得15．5度的醇清黄酒.(孙悟）     

21世纪的清酒市场—成熟享受饮酒的应对

以“享受饮酒角化”为基准，从酒与文化的研究出发，整理了过去的数据，从地域，收入及季节性等看酒类的消费变化，探讨未来的清酒市场 格局。     

Yeasts and their importance to the flavour of traditional Chinese liquor: a review

As one of the three major distilled spirits in the world, traditional Chinese liquor has a distinctive aroma and taste. The brewing process typically involves two stages: the Daqu‐making process and the liquor‐making process. Further, it commonly adopts solid state fermentation in an open environment, which involves diverse microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. Yeasts, as an integral brewing microorganism, are not only a dominant force in the fermentation process but also play a key role in the quality and character of different flavour liquors. Studies on yeasts associated with Chinese liquor have rarely compared them with those associated with other alcoholic beverages (wine, sake, etc.), especially in the microbiome‐related flavour of the alcoholic beverage. Here, we review the Chinese liquor brewing process, the yeast community in the brewing process, the yeast derived flavour compounds, the interaction between yeasts and other microorganisms and gene level modifications. © 2019 The Institute of Brewing & Distilling     

日本清酒生产发展基本知识概述

对日本清酒生产及其发展现状进行了综合叙述,包括了清酒发展史、清酒分类、酿造工艺技术、原产地管理、清酒产量以及出口量情况等内容。     

日本清酒酿造用米品质要求

日本清酒酿造用米必须高度精白，精酒品质标准越高，原料米精白处理要求也越高。介绍了清酒用米的品质要求及处理方法。（陶然）     

一株高产胞外多糖米酒乳杆菌的诱变筛选

通过对一株高产胞外多糖的米酒乳杆菌BXR-5-3在不同紫外线照射距离和时间、不同浓度亚硝基胍以及紫外线、亚硝基胍复合诱变等条件下分别诱变筛选和多糖含量测定,获得的胞外多糖产量最高诱变菌株的条件为紫外线照射距离为20cm,亚硝基胍的浓度为300μg/mL,处理时间为20min,其多糖的产量为339.0mg/L。      

响应面优化清酒发酵工艺研究

采用Plackett-Burman设计法和响应面分析法对清酒发酵工艺进行优化。先用Plackett-Burman设计从5个因素中筛选出对清酒品质有显著影响的因素,再用最陡爬坡实验及Box-behnken设计进一步优化。结果表明,酵母接种量,米曲接种量和发酵温度是影响清酒品质的显著因素,优化后的发酵工艺:酵母接种量1.5%(mL/g饭米),米曲接种量23%(g/g饭米),发酵温度13℃,发酵时间35d,加水量125%(g/g饭米)。在此发酵工艺下可制得品质优良的清酒。     

The Production of Low-Alcohol Wines by Aerobic Yeasts

Aerobic yeasts of the genera Pichia and Williopis are commonly regarded as spoilage yeasts of beer and wine by causing turbidity, a surface film of yeast growth and often an excessive estery flavour. However, their ability to utilise sugars oxidatively for cell growth with the production of estery and other flavours of wine with only minimal production of ethanol suggests a method for the production of low-alcohol wines of pleasant “fermented” flavour without the need for additional equipment to remove alcohol by dialysis, reverse osmosis or distillation, or without the excessive sweetness remaining from arrested fermentation. Three strains of Pichia and one of Williopsis were examined for their ability to produce approximately 3%(v/v) ethanol and a good estery and fruity flavour. With normal anaerobic fermentation conditions, or with gentle stirring to prevent formation of a surface film, excessive amounts of alcohol were produced from grape juice of 15% or 20% (w/v) initial sugar concentration. However, an acceptably flavoured wine of alcohol content < 3% was produced by agitation and aeration during fermentation. The ethanol formed in the early stages of culture was oxidised to a final level < 3%, with the production of cell mass and an acceptable flavour.     

功能性鼠曲草清酒的研制

以市售优质大米作为原料，采用双菌复合糖化剂生产制得的大米清酒与鼠曲草提取液进行调配勾兑，通过正交试验找出适宜的勾兑比，制成一种功能性清酒。最佳勾兑方案为：黄酮类物质浓度为0．263mg／mL的鼠曲草提取液，酒精度为15％Vol，糖度为10％。最终制成品是一种风味独特、可口宜人、营养丰富、酒度较低的保健酒。