热处理工艺对高强高导Cu-Cr-V-Zr-RE合金性能的影响

对Cu-Cr-V-Zr-RE合金进行热处理,研究了固溶温度、固溶时间、时效温度以及时效时间对合金显微硬度和电导率的影响。结果表明,该合金的最佳热处理工艺为920℃×1h固溶,550℃×1h时效。在该热处理工艺下,合金可以获得较好的综合性能,其显微硬度达到134HV,电导率达到80.5%IACS。     

固溶时效热处理对A286合金组织演变规律的影响

对A286铁基高温合金进行固溶温度+时效两段式热处理工艺优化研究。采用固溶热处理制度为930~1020℃/4 h/WC,固溶时间为0~4 h。合金时效研究采用640~790℃/4 h/AC热处理;在时效温度730℃条件下,研究0~16 h时效时间对合金组织及性能的影响。结果表明:随着固溶温度上升和时间延长,合金晶粒尺寸有一定程度长大,但硬度逐渐下降;随着时效温度提高及时间延长,合金的硬度先升高而后降低;在固溶热处理过程中,合金随着固溶处理温度提高及时间的延长,γ'相回溶入基体;当固溶后的时效温度提高至700℃才析出γ'强化相;随着时效时间延长,析出的γ'强化相发生粗化;合金时效γ'强化相粗化过程符合Ostwald熟化长大规律,计算值与实际值相关系数大于97%;同时,确定了最佳的热处理工艺制度。     

热处理工艺对6082铝合金组织和性能的影响

研究了形变后的6082铝合金热处理工艺参数对其组织和性能的影响。结果表明:合金固溶时效后获得大量均匀分布的Mg_2Si强化相;随着固溶温度升高、固溶时间和时效时间的延长,合金时效后的硬度呈现出先升高后降低的趋势。6082铝合金较适宜的热处理工艺参数为555℃×4 h固溶水淬+175℃×10 h时效处理。     

形变热处理对Cu-15Ni-8Sn系合金组织结构与性能的影响

利用力学、电学性能测试,金相显微分析、扫描和透射电镜观察等手段研究均匀化退火和形变热处理工艺对Cu-15Ni-8Sn-1.0Zn-0.8Al-0.2Si合金组织结构与性能的影响。合金铸锭经830℃,2 h+850℃,2 h双级均匀化退火处理,热轧变形后合金板材经850℃,1 h固溶处理,冷轧变形60%后,分别在400和450℃时效处理。当450℃时效时间为30 min时,合金硬度为3780 MPa,电导率8.0%IACS,抗拉强度1144 MPa,屈服强度1098 MPa,延伸率3.29%;在400℃时效1 h时,合金硬度为3900 MPa,电导率7.4%IACS,抗拉强度1164 MPa,屈服强度1112 MPa,延伸率3.05%。合金的强化效应主要来源于调幅分解强化、析出强化和亚结构强化的共同作用,同时,溶质原子的析出使基体固溶度降低,合金电导率提高。合金经双级均匀化退火处理后为均匀的等轴晶组织,在400℃,1 h时效过程中发生调幅分解,同时析出具有L1_2结构的β-Ni_3Sn析出相,其与Cu基体的晶体取向关系为:(002)_(Cu)‖(00 1)_β,[110]_(Cu)‖[110]_β;(220)_(Cu)‖(110)_b,[112]_(Cu)‖[112]_β。     

形变热处理对Cu-2.7Ti-0.15Mg-0.1Ce-0.1Zr合金组织和性能的影响

利用力学、电学性能测试和透射电镜观察等手段研究了形变热处理对Cu-2.7Ti-0.15Mg-0.1Ce-0.1Zr合金组织与性能的影响。结果表明:合金固溶后于450℃时效8 h呈典型的调幅分解组织,还存在纳米级强化相β’-Cu4Ti。合金经固溶处理后,冷轧97.5%,在400℃时效1 h时显微组织主要为亚晶组织+纳米析出相,亚晶尺寸约为40 nm。形变热处理能够有效提高合金的综合性能,合金经过97.5%冷变形、于400℃/12 h时效后,硬度为301 HV、电导率为20.9%IACS。     

焊后热处理对Al-Zn-Mg合金焊接接头组织与性能的影响

采用金相、硬度、电导率、剥落腐蚀、电化学腐蚀以及透射电镜(TEM)观察等分析测试方法研究焊后热处理对Al-Zn-Mg合金组织与性能的影响。结果表明:Al-Zn-Mg合金焊接接头固溶区的硬度和耐腐蚀性能随焊后热处理时效时间的延长和温度的提高而提升。自然时效4 d+(130℃,24 h)和自然时效150 d+(150℃,2 h)两种焊后热处理工艺较佳:经自然时效4 d+(130℃,24 h)处理后,合金固溶区最大硬度由82.5HV提高至123HV,最大电导率由34%IACS提高至35.8%IACS,剥蚀等级提升至EA;经自然时效150 d+(150℃,2 h)处理后,合金固溶区最大硬度提高至110HV,最大电导率至34.7%IACS,剥蚀等级提升至N。合金焊接接头固溶区硬度与耐腐蚀性能提升的主要原因是焊后时效热处理促进焊接固溶区晶内析出相粗化,弥散分布,且晶界析出相呈不连续分布状。     

热处理对铬青铜组织和性能的影响

研究了均匀化处理、固溶时效、冷变形时效等对铬青铜显微组织和性能的影响。结果表明:均匀化处理可有效改善铬在铜基体中的分布;铬青铜的最佳固溶工艺为:1000℃保温1h后水淬;较好的时效工艺为470℃×4h,此时合金的硬度和电导率分别为121.5HV和79.8%IACS。时效前经适当的冷变形,其硬度为146.7HV,电导率为85%IACS,和未冷变形直接时效相比分别提高了25.2HV和5.2%IACS。     

热处理对铬青铜组织和性能的影响

研究了均匀化处理、固溶时效、冷变形时效等对铬青铜显微组织和性能的影响.结果表明均匀化处理可有效改善铬在铜基体中的分布;铬青铜的最佳固溶工艺为1000℃保温1 h后水淬;较好的时效工艺为470℃×4 h,此时合金的硬度和电导率分别为121.5 HV和79.8%IACS.时效前经适当的冷变形,其硬度为146.7 HV,电导率为85%IACS,和未冷变形直接时效相比分别提高了25.2 HV和5.2%IACS.     

La变质4004铝合金的热处理

研究了固溶及时效处理对La变质4004铝合金组织及性能的影响。结果表明:随着固溶温度的升高、固溶时间的延长,合金中共晶硅熔断并粒化,500℃固溶6 h时性能达到最佳;随着时效温度的升高、时效时间的延长,合金硬度先升高后降低,时效温度为200℃、时效时间6 h时其硬度达到最高值112 HBW。变质4004铝合金最佳热处理工艺为:500℃×6 h固溶+200℃×6 h时效。     

VC-Cu-Cr-Zr复合材料组织与性能研究

根据时效强化和颗粒增强强化的双重强化机制,以Cu-Cr-Zr合金为基体,采用熔铸法制备了VC-Cu-Cr-Zr复合材料。较系统地研究了热处理工艺对VC-Cu-Cr-Zr复合材料组织和性能的影响。结果表明,热处理可明显提高VC-Cu-Cr-Zr复合材料的硬度和电导率,最佳热处理工艺为910℃×1 h固溶处理＋460℃×2.5 h时效     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

The Mirror with Patterns of Auspicious Animals and Grapes——Exquisite cast mirror and the technology of surface tin-enrichment by rubbing-in and infiltration of tin-rich powder

<正>Bronze mirrors were used by the Chinese people before the introduction of the glass mirror.Only after it was replaced by the glass mirror did the bronze mirror gradually retreat from people's lives.Different styles of bronze mirrors were made in different historical periods,particularly in the Warring States Period,the Han and Tang Dynasties,which were the three peaks of the development of bronze mirror arts in ancient China.The casting techniques were exquisite.The surface of the bronze mirror was smooth and bright enough to reflect one's image,and there were scarcely any casting defects on the mirror surface.On the back of the bronze mirror,there were rich depictions of Arts and Humanities,and the ornamentations were also     

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress & Exhibition

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress ＆ Exhibition was held on July 22-24, 2014 at Shanghai New International Expc Centre. This exhibition was the most successful over the years, with over 6890 visitors and 155 exhibitors, and the exhibition area increased by 30% from 9,500 square meters in 2012 to 12340 square meters. Die casting enterprises from a total of 24 countries and regions, including China mainland, Chinese Taiwan and Hong Kong, South Korea, Japan, Germany, India, Thailand, Malaysia, the United States, Russia, Australia, Iran, Ukraine, Brazil, Colombia, Singapore, Austria, Canada, Croatia, France, Turkey, United Kingdom, Vietnam, attended the congress and exhibition.     

Introduction of the Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology

正The Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology was set up in 1996.The researches of institute concentrate on electro-hydraulic(pneumatic)servo/proportional control and hydromechatronics.The Institute is committed to research and development of electro-hydraulic control of high-end technical equipment in ferrous metallurgy refining produc-     

RARE METALS Volume Contents

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Antimony Induced Crystallization of Amorphous Silicon

Antimony induced crystallization of PVD (physics vapor deposition) amorphous silicon can be observed on sapphire substrates. Very large crystalline regions up to several tens of micrometers can be formed. The Si diffraction patterns of the area of crystallization can be observed with TEM (transmission electron microscopy). Only a few and much smaller crystals of the order of 1μm were formed when the antimony layer was deposited by MBE (molecular beam epitaxy) compared with a layer formed by thermal evaporation. The use of high vacuum is essential in order to observe any Sb induced crystallization at all. In addition it is necessary to take measures to limit the evaporation of the antimony.     

A CUMULATIVE FATIGUE DAMAGE RULE UNDER THE ALTERNATIVE OF CORROSION OR CYCLIC LOADING

Fatigue damage increases with the applied loading cycles in a cumulative manner and the material deteriorates with the corrosion time. A cumulative fatigue damage rule under the alternative of corrosion or cyclic loading was proposed. The specimens of aluminum alloy LY12-CZ soaked in corrosive liquid for different times were tested under the constant amplitude cyclic loading to obtain S-N curves. The test was carried out to verify the proposed cumulative fatigue damage rule under the different combinations among corrosion time, loading level, and the cycle numbers. It was shown that the predicted residual fatigue lives showed a good agreement with the experimental results and the proposed rule was simple and can be easily adopted.