铝钼共掺杂氧化锌粉末的制备及光电性能研究

采用水热法制备了不同含量的铝(Al)单元掺杂及铝(Al)、钼(Mo)共掺杂氧化锌(AZO、AZMO)纳米粉体,利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)、荧光分光光度计(PL)、紫外分光光度计(UV-vis)、TG-DTA差热分析、激光粒度分析仪、四探针电阻测试仪等测试手段,探究了Al单元掺杂和Al、Mo共掺对AZO、AZMO粉体结构、形貌及光电性能的影响.结果表明:所制备的AZO和AZMO纳米粉体为结晶度良好的六方纤锌矿结构.Al、Mo掺杂浓度影响纳米氧化锌粉体形貌、晶体结构及光电性能.随着Al、Mo掺杂浓度的增加,粉体的结晶质量降低,晶粒尺寸先减小后增大,光电性能先变好后变差.适度的Al、Mo共掺杂可使氧化锌禁带宽度和电阻率达到最优匹配,改善氧化锌的近紫外发光和蓝色发光特性.在掺杂浓度为m(Al):m(Mo)=1:3时,纳米粉体的综合光电性能最佳,禁带宽度为3.392 eV,电阻率为20.3Ω·m,紫外发光峰强度最大,且出现了蓝移.     

Al掺杂浓度对氧化锌纳米棒结构和光学性能的影响

采用水热合成法以15min的溅射时间,0.7Pa的溅射压强制备的ZnO种子层玻璃片为衬底,制备出具有较好光致发光性能的Al掺杂ZnO纳米棒。采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和光致发光谱(PL)谱表征了样品的晶体结构、表面形貌和光致发光性能。结果表明,不同的Al掺杂浓度对于ZnO纳米棒产生了一定的影响,适当的Al掺杂使ZnO纳米棒的c轴择优取向更好,改善了ZnO的近紫外发光和蓝色发光特性。其结晶质量随着Al掺杂量的增加而降低,而且纳米棒的顶端在逐渐变细。随着Al~(3+)浓度的增加,纳米棒的光学性能先变好后变差,在Zn~(2+)与Al~(3+)的浓度比为1∶0.02时,纳米棒的光学性能效果最佳,紫外发光峰强度最大,并且出现了蓝移。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备AZO薄膜及Al掺杂机理的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法和浸渍提拉法成功制备了Al掺杂ZnO薄膜(以下简称AZO薄膜)。用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)、分光光度计、霍尔(Hall)测量仪,分别研究了不同Al的掺杂浓度对薄膜的结晶性能、微观形貌和光电性能的影响,探讨了Al的掺杂机理。结果表明,Al的掺杂存在最佳值,当Al掺杂摩尔浓度为5%时,AZO薄膜的结晶性能、微观形貌和光电性能最佳,其透光率在80%以上,电阻率为2.1×102Ω·cm,霍尔迁移率为0.23cm2/V·s,载流子浓度为7.81×1014cm-3。     

Al掺杂ZnO薄膜的微结构及光学特性研究

采用射频磁控溅射方法在玻璃衬底上制备出不同Al掺杂量的ZnO(AZO)薄膜。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和光致荧光发光(PL)等系统研究了不同Al掺杂量对ZnO薄膜的结晶性能、表面形貌和光学特性等的影响。结果显示,随着Al掺杂量的增加,薄膜的(002)衍射峰先增强后减弱,同时出现了(100)、(101)和(110)衍射峰,表明我们制备的AZO薄膜为多晶纤锌矿结构,适量的Al掺杂可提高ZnO薄膜的结晶质量,然而AZO薄膜的表面平整、晶粒致密均匀。薄膜在紫外-可见光范围的透过率超过90%,同时随着Al掺杂量的增加,薄膜的光学带隙值先增大,后减小。这与采用量子限域模型对薄膜的光学带隙作出相应的理论计算所得结果的变化趋势完全一致。     

不同铝掺杂量ZnO薄膜性能的研究

以铝掺杂质量分数为1%、2%、3%的Zn/Al合金为靶材,采用直流反应磁控溅射技术在玻璃衬底上制备了不同铝含量ZnO:Al(AZO)透明导电薄膜。研究了衬底温度对AZO薄膜电学性能的影响;同时,研究铝掺杂量不同、电阻率相同的AZO薄膜的载流子浓度与迁移率的关系。结果表明:随着Al掺杂量的增加,薄膜最佳性能(透过率90%,电阻率6×10-4Ω·cm左右)时的衬底温度值会降低;电阻率相同的样品,1%铝掺杂的薄膜迁移率和透光率均高于2%铝掺杂薄膜的。     

原子层沉积铝掺杂ZnO纳米膜在超级电容器中的应用

为了满足能源需求,电化学超级电容器开始持续投入应用.在本研究中,提出了铝掺杂的氧化锌(AZO)纳米薄膜在超级电容器中的潜在应用.纳米薄膜是通过原子层沉积技术制备的,其结构是不同循环次数的ZnO和Al2O3超薄膜的交替叠加.超薄AZO纳米薄膜具有良好的电化学性能,结果表明(10:1)10三明治结构具有最佳的充电和放电性能.在6M KOH电解质中,电流密度为1 A·g-1时,AZO纳米薄膜超级电容器的比电容量可达61 F·g-1.对于超级电容器的实际应用,演示了该器件可以为红色LED灯供电60 min以上.AZO纳米薄膜在超级电容器中具有潜在应用,在未来可推广到可穿戴柔性能源存储器件.     

Sn掺杂ZnO纳米带的制备及其光致发光性能研究

采用热蒸发法制备了单晶Sn掺杂ZnO纳米带,其中Sn的掺杂含量约为5%(原子分数).X射线衍射(XRD)结果表明Sn掺杂ZnO纳米带为单相纤锌矿结构.X射线光电子能谱(XPS)表明样品中Sn的价态为4+.样品的室温光致发光谱(PL)在445.8nm处存在较强的蓝光发射峰,对其发光机制进行了分析.     

ZnO纳米棒的微波合成及Pt掺杂对其气敏性能的改善

以Zn(NO3)2·6H2O和NaOH为原料,CTAB为表面活性剂,微波加热到90℃,反应30min,成功制备了ZnO纳米棒.X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)结果表明,产物是六方纤锌矿结构ZnO纳米棒,长度为1～5μm,直径为50～100nm左右.对ZnO纳米棒进行了Pt掺杂,并对掺杂前后的气敏性能进行了对比...     

ZnO纳米棒的制备与气敏性能的研究

以Zn(NO3)2·6H2O和NaOH为原料,CTAB为表面活性剂,通过微波辅助液相反应过程在低温下成功地制备了ZnO纳米棒.X射线衍射谱和扫描电镜结果表明,产物是六方纤锌矿结构ZnO纳米棒,长度为5～30μm,直径为0.1～1μm.气敏性能测试表明,所制备的ZnO纳米棒对H2S气体具有较好的选择性,但灵敏度不高.对ZnO纳米棒进行In掺杂后,对H2S气体的灵敏度和选择性大幅提高,在工作温度为332℃时,对体积分数为50X10-5的H2S灵敏度为29.217,说明In掺杂的ZnO纳米棒是有潜力的探测H2S气体的气敏传感器材料.     

ZAO纳米粉体的制备及其在红外隐身中的应用研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了铝掺杂氧化锌(ZAO)纳米粉体.使用X射线衍射仪(XRD)研究了Al2O3掺杂对ZnO物相结构和晶粒度的影响,结果表明,Al离子的掺杂并没改变ZnO的晶体结构,Al抖对Zn2 的替位掺杂使晶格发生畸变,衍射角偏离,随Al离子掺杂浓度的增加,晶体的平均粒径减小.对ZAO纳米粉体样品的红外吸收特性分析表明:随Al离子掺杂浓度的增加,红外吸收出现蓝移.理论分析得出适当调节ZAO栽流子浓度可以制备低红外发射率材料.     

Mg-Al共掺杂ZnO薄膜的制备及其光学特性

采用溶胶-凝胶（sol—gel）旋涂法在载玻片上制备了不同A1掺杂量的Mg—Al共掺杂ZnO薄膜．在室温下利用X射线衍射仪（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和光致发光（PL）谱仪等手段分析了Mg—Al共掺杂Zn0薄膜的微结构、形貌和发光特性．XRD结果表明Mg．AI＆掺杂zn0薄膜具有六角纤锌矿结构;随着Al掺杂量的增加,共掺杂薄膜呈C轴取向生长．由SEM照片可知薄膜表面形貌随Al掺杂量的增加由颗粒状结构向纳米棒状结构转变．透射光谱表明共掺杂薄膜在可见光区内的透射率大于50％,紫外吸收边发生蓝移．在室温下的PL谱表明Mg—Al共掺杂zn0薄膜的紫外发射峰向短波长方向移动：Al掺杂摩尔分数为1％和3％的Mg—Al共掺杂ZnO薄膜的可见发射峰分别为596nm的黄光和565nm的绿光．黄光主要与氧间隙有关,而绿光主要与氧空位有关．     

Controllable synthesis of vertically aligned ZnO nanorod arrays in aqueous solution

High-density well-aligned ZnO nanorod array was successfully synthesized on a large-area magnetron sputtering deposited Al doped ZnO film-coated Si (AZO/Si) substrate via a convenient solution method. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy show that the nanorods are well-oriented perpendicular to the substrate. The influences of the reaction temperature, time, on the size and shapes of the as-prepared ZnO nanorods (ZNs) samples have been studied. The length and diameter of the nanorods became bigger when a longer reaction time was used. When the temperature is elevated to 130 degrees C, a new conical ZNs was synthesized. Room-temperature photoluminescence (PL) spectra of all the ZnO products showed a strong ultraviolet (UV) emission. The photoluminescence from free excitons of the ZNs synthesized at higher temperature reflects the high purity and nearly defect free structure of nanorods. The well-aligned feature of the nanorod array is attributed to the nanorods' epitaxial growth from the AZO films.     

Preparation and photoluminescence of surface N-doped ZnO nanocrystal

ZnO nanoparticles doped with nitrogen on surface were prepared by calcinating pure ZnO nanoparticles at 550 and 600 °C in NH₃ atmosphere. Uniform N-doped ZnO nanocrystal was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and XPS. A Strong violet photoluminescence (PL) at 400nm was observed at room temperature when excited with 300 nm light, and the emission peak increases with the increase of nitrogen atoms concentration. The violet PL originated from the electron transition from shallow donor levels of oxygen vacancies and doping nitrogen atoms to the top of valence band level.     

ZnO缓冲层上低温生长Al掺杂的ZnO薄膜

采用射频磁控溅射法在ZnO缓冲层上制备了不同Al掺杂量的ZnO（AZO）薄膜。利用X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和光致发光（PL）等表征技术,研究了AZO薄膜的微观结构、表面形貌和发光特性。结果表明,随着Al掺杂量的增加,ZnO薄膜的择优取向性发生了改变,且当Al的掺杂量为0.81%（原子分数）时,（002）衍射峰与其它衍射峰强度的比值达到最大,表明适合的Al掺杂使ZnO薄膜的择优取向性得到了改善。在可见光范围内薄膜的平均透过率超过70%。通过对样品光致发光（PL）谱的研究,发现所有样品出现了3个发光峰,分别对应于以444nm（2.80eV）、483nm（2.57eV）为中心的蓝光发光峰和以521nm（2.38eV）为中心较弱的绿光峰。并对样品的发光机理进行了详细的探讨。     

Influence of Mg doping on the microstructure and PL emission of wurtzite ZnO synthesized by microwave processing

In this paper, we report the synthesis of nano-structured Zinc Oxide (ZnO) and Magnesium doped Zinc Oxide (ZnO:Mg) using air stable and inexpensive chemicals, by microwave assisted processing. The as-synthesized ZnO and ZnO:Mg nanopowders were annealed at 800 °C for 1 h. The samples were further characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and room temperature photoluminescence (PL) spectra. The crystallite size of ZnO decreased from 24 to 16 nm, and the intensity of most prominent vibration band of ZnO becomes weak when Mg dopant is added. SEM images of Mg doped ZnO showed clearly distinct hexagonal shaped nanoparticles with good crystalline quality and size contrast to ZnO. The PL result indicate that the ZnO exhibit strong and sharp UV emission peak at 380 nm. Our result showed that, by doping magnesium into ZnO, the UV emission peak shift towards the lower wavelength at ~370 nm with increasing intensity, which may be attributed to the size confinement. From this study, the microwave processing method has been proved to be successful for preparing other metal oxide nanopowders with good crystal quality.     

铝掺杂氧化锌薄膜的光学性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法,在玻璃基底上制备了掺杂不同质量分数Al的ZnO薄膜,并采用X射线衍射(XRD)仪、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、紫外-可见光谱仪(UV-Vis)、光致发光光谱(PL)等方法测试和分析了不同Al掺杂浓度对ZnO薄膜的形貌结构、光学性能影响。结果表明,Al的掺杂引起了晶体生长过程中择优取向的改变,掺杂ZnO薄膜的表面颗粒随Al掺杂量的增加而增大,可见光范围内的平均透射率78%,光致发光光谱分析表明,纯的ZnO薄膜有很强的紫外发光,而随Al的质量分数的增加,紫外发光强度迅速下降。     

Epitaxial growth of ZnO nanorods on electrospun ZnO nanofibers by hydrothermal method

In this paper, we report a new ZnO nanofibers-nanorods structure which was successfully prepared by the electrospun ZnO nanofibers as seed to guide hydrothermal epitaxial growth of the ZnO nanorods. The structure was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and photoluminescence (PL). The XRD results indicate that ZnO nanofibers obtained at 600° have high crystallinity with a typical hexagonal wurtzite structure. Furthermore compared with the strongest diffraction of ZnO nanofibers in (101) plane, the diffraction from (002) plane of ZnO nanofibers-nanorods becomes the strongest. The SEM shows that the diameters of epitaxial-grown ZnO nanorods on ZnO nanofibers were approximately 100–200?nm. The PL spectrum shows that the ZnO nanofibers-nanorods have a broad green-yellow emission around 537?nm, in contrast to that of ZnO nanofibers, the peak had obvious redshift about 24?nm and the luminous intensity weakened.     

CTAB-assisted hydrothermal synthesis of single-crystalline copper-doped ZnO nanorods and investigation of their photoluminescence properties

A simple CTAB-assisted hydrothermal synthesis of undoped and copper-doped ZnO nanorods is reported. The phase and structural analysis carried out by X-ray diffraction, shows the formation of hexagonal wurtzite structure of ZnO. Morphology of the ZnO nanorods was investigated by electron microscopy techniques which showed the formation of well dispersed regular shape ZnO nanorods of 100 ± 10 nm in diameter and 900 ± 100 nm in length. However, size of the copper doped ZnO nanorod slightly increased with increasing copper concentration. Furthermore, the selected area electron diffraction pattern and high resolution transmission electron microscopy reveal that both the undoped and copper doped ZnO nanorods were single crystalline in nature and preferentially grew up along [0001] direction. Optical property was investigated by photoluminescence spectroscopy. The effects of copper doping on the photoluminescence property of ZnO nanorods were investigated.     

Highly monodispersed ZnO nanorods: preparation and optical properties

Simple and low cost solution synthesis method was used to synthesise ZnO nanorods. Dodecyl benzene sulfonate was used to control the growth process and monodispersed nanorods with diameters in the range of 25 to 44 nm were obtained. X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and high resolution transmission electron microscopy measurements demonstrate the structure and morphology of the products. Laser power- and temperature-dependent photoluminescence (PL) experiments confirm the good ultraviolet emission characteristics. Short exciton lifetime feature relevant to thin nanorods was examined by time-resolved PL. Good optical quality and the size characteristics of the obtained products are discussed.     

A simple microwave-assisted decomposing route for synthesis of ZnO nanorods in the presence of PEG400

In the paper, a simple microwave-assisted decomposing reaction in the presence of PEG400 has been successfully developed to synthesize ZnO nanorods with 10-25 nm of diameter and 60-200 nm of length. The product was analyzed and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and HRTEM. Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) absorption peak of ZnO nanorods shows a distinct blue shift from that of the bulk and the Photoluminescence (PL) spectrum exhibits a strong near-band-edge emission at 385 nm. Further experiments have also been designed, and the results show that microwave radiation and surfactant PEG400 all played an important role on the formation of ZnO nanorods.