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Cheng-di Liu Nan-nan Liu Sen Zhang Guo-dong Ma Hai-guang Yang Ling-lei Kong Guan-hua Du 《Acta pharmacologica Sinica》2021,42(3):370-381
Stroke is an acute cerebrovascular disease caused by ruptured or blocked blood vessels.For the prevention of ischemic stroke,the coagulation state of blood and cerebrovascular protection should be considered.Our previous study has shown that salvianolic acid A(SAA),which is a water-soluble component from the root of Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bge,prevents thrombosis with a mild inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation.In this study we investigated the preventive effects of SAA on cerebrovascular endothelial injury caused by ischemia in vivo and oxygen-glucose deprivation(OGD)in vitro,and explored the underlying mechanisms.An autologous thrombus stroke model was established in SD rats by electrocoagulation.SAA(10 mg/kg)was orally administered twice a day for 5 days before the operation.The rats were sacrificed at 24 h after the operation.We showed that pretreatment with SAA significantly improved the neurological deficits,intracerebral hemorrhage,BBB disruption,and vascular endothelial dysfunction as compared with model group.In human brain microvascular endothelial cells(HBMECs),pretreatment with SAA(10μM)significantly inhibited OGD-induced cell viability reduction and degradation of tight junction proteins(ZO-1,occludin,claudin-5).Furthermore,we found that SAA inhibited the upregulation of Src signaling pathway in vivo and vitro and reversed the increased expression of matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs)after ischemic stroke.In conclusion,our results suggest that SAA protects cerebrovascular endothelial cells against ischemia and OGD injury via suppressing Src signaling pathway.These findings show that pretreatment with SAA is a potential therapeutic strategy for the prevention of ischemic stroke. 相似文献
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目的:评价在常温和0℃下存放的苯扎溴铵(新沽尔灭)的杀茵效果.方法:采用厂家3个批号的苯扎溴铵,分别于常温和0℃下存放24 h.稀释成1:50浓度后,将3种标准菌株置于其中,分别在作用5,10,15,30,60,120 min后取出药液,倾入培养基,置35℃培养箱培养48 h,观察菌株的存活情况.结果:经两种温度、不同时间的菌株培养结果观察,苯扎溴铵的杀菌效果一致,均能快速杀灭3种标准菌株.结论:苯扎溴铵消毒液保存在0℃下,不影响其杀菌效力,只要在保质期内,结冰的消毒液仍可使用,其性能稳定. 相似文献
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布洛芬对乙酰氨基酚退热疗效对比 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
长期以来,发热是儿科关注的问题,发热程度有助于判断病情,儿童多因与病情不成比例,轻微疾病即可出现发烧,父母常常不了解这一现象而引起不必要的恐慌,随意应用退热药即成为儿科普遍的现象[1].采用安全有效的退热药物值得临床探讨. 相似文献
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Midbrain dopaminergic(DA)neurons are governed by an endogenous cholinergic system,originated in the mesopontine nuclei.Nicotine hijacks nicotinic acetylcholine receptors(nAChRs)and interferes with physiological function of the cholinergic system.In this review,we describe the anatomical organization of the cholinergic system and the key nAChR subtypes mediating cholinergic regulation of DA transmission and nicotine reward and dependence,in an effort to identify potential targets for smoking intervention.Cholinergic modulation of midbrain DA systems relies on topographic organization of mesopontine cholinergic projections,and activation of nAChRs in midbrain DA neurons.Previous studies have revealed thatα4,α6,andβ2 subunit-containing nAChRs expressed in midbrain DA neurons and their terminals in the striatum regulatefirings of midbrain DA neurons and activity-dependent dopamine release in the striatum.These nAChRs undergo modification upon chronic nicotine exposure.Clinical investigation has demonstrated that partial agonists of these receptors elevate the success rate of smoking cessation relative to placebo.However,further investigations are required to refine the drug targets to mitigate unpleasant side-effects. 相似文献
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Wan-li Zhang Na Li Qiang Shen Men Fan Xiao-dong Guo Xiong-wen Zhang Zhou Zhang Xuan Liu 《Acta pharmacologica Sinica》2020,(2):237-248
Cancer cachexia is a multifactorial metabolic syndrome that affects~50%–80%of cancer patients,and no effective therapy for cancer cachexia is presently available.In traditional Chinese medicine,a large portion of patients with cancer cachexia was diagnosed as spleen deficiency syndrome and treated with tonifying TCMs that produce clinic benefits.In this study we established a new animal model of spleen deficiency and cancer cachexia in mice and evaluated the therapeutic effects of atractylenolide I,an active component of tonifying TCM BaiZhu,in the mouse model.Cancer cachexia was induced in male BALB/c mice by inoculation of mouse C26 colon adenocarcinoma cells,whereas spleen deficiency syndrome was induced by treating the mice with spleen deficiency-inducing factors,including limited feeding,fatigue,and purging.The mouse model was characterized by both cachexia and spleen deficiency characteristics,including significant body weight loss,cancer growth,muscle atrophy,fat lipolysis,spleen,and thymus atrophy as compared with healthy control mice,cancer cachexia mice,and spleen deficiency mice.Oral administration of atractylenolide I(20 mg·kg?1per day,for 30 days)significantly ameliorated the reduction in body weight and atrophy of muscle,fat,spleen,and thymus in mice with spleen deficiency and cachexia.The established model of spleen deficiency and cancer cachexia might be useful in the future for screening possible anticachexia TCMs and clarifying their mechanisms. 相似文献
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<正>有机磷农药可因食入、吸入或皮肤吸收而中毒。小儿中毒原因多为:误食被有机磷农药污染的食物;误用污染农药的玩具或农药容器;母亲在使用农药后未认真洗手及换衣服而给婴儿哺乳,不恰 相似文献
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"活着"是每个人至高无上的权利,可有些人偏偏选择了放弃。9月是开学的日子,文文告别了父母兄妹,揣着东挪西凑的学费上了北京。她是乡里第一个考上北京名牌大学的学生,全乡人都以她为自豪。同宿舍的女生都来自城里,一个个时尚、新潮。看着她 相似文献
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子宫中隔切除术后预防粘连方法探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的 探讨子宫中隔并不孕患者宫腔镜术后不同处理方法预防宫腔粘连的效果.方法 55例子宫中隔并不孕患者行腹腔镜监护下宫腔镜子宫中隔切除术(TCRS),术后针对不同患者采用不同术后处理措施,包括宫腔放置与不放IUD,是否进行人工周期治疗,部分患者术后使用GnRH-a类药物治疗术后第1、3个月行宫腔镜检查随访,宫内放置IUD的患者;于术后第3个月取环.结果 54例患者术后进行宫腔镜检查随访,其中40例分别于术后第1、3个月完成了术后2次宫腔镜检查,另14例只完成一次检查.宫腔术后放环与否对术后宫腔形态影响无差异(P>0.05),术后使用人工周期治疗患者较未使用者子宫内膜厚,此两者术后第3个月宫腔镜检查发现宫底创面均已有内膜覆盖.使用GnRH-a类药物患者术后官腔形态满意.结论 TCRS术后宫腔放置IUD无助于预防术后粘连的发生;术后人工周期治疗应更个体化并有针对性的使用GnRH-a类药物治疗.术后及时进行宫腔镜检查随访可防止术后宫底新粘连的形成. 相似文献
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狂犬病近年来发病率有逐年增加的趋势,近十二年来,我们共遇见狂大病23例,其中10例被误诊为其它疾病,现就其误诊原因进行分析如下。1临床资料1.1 一般资料:男8例,女2例;年龄最大78岁,最小4岁。发病季节为3月~11月。首诊科室,儿科3例、内科3例、转院3例、急诊科1例。1.2 临床表现:发热7例,恐风5例,恐水6例,怕光3例,流涎10例,胸闷、气促、呼吸困难4例,烦躁不安10例,多汗7例,恐惧6例,肢体麻木4例,抽搐4例,恶心、呕吐2例,昏厥1例。所有病例发病至死亡时间为2天~6天,死亡原因为… 相似文献
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住院患者精神用药情况调查分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的:了解目前住院精神患者的药物使用情况。方法:采用一日法调查西安市精神卫生中心403例住院精神患者诊断和治疗情况,并与上海市精神卫生中心2004年调查结果相比较。结果:①传统精神药物使用显著减少,新型精神药物使用占据首位;②抗精神病药物使用趋向小剂量化;③本组联用丙戊酸盐类药物显著增多;④我院精神药物使用情况与上海精神卫生中心比较有显著差异。结论:近年来精神药物使用情况已发生了显著变化,与新型精神药物疗效好,副作用少,患者依从性高有关。 相似文献
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目的 通过对新疆维吾尔自治区14个县乡级医疗机构住院患者平均住院日及影响因素进行分析,为县乡级医疗机构进一步提高医疗管理质量提供依据.方法 将2009-2010年1504例县乡级医院住院患者平均住院天数,按性别、年龄、院别、付费方式、疾病分类进行描述性统计和秩和检验分析.结果 不同性别间及院别间平均住院日差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),男性平均住院日为10.39 d,女性为8.69d,乡级医院为9.27d,县级医院为9.50 d.不同年龄间平均住院日差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),小于15岁组、15 ~24岁组、25~44岁组、45 ~65岁组、大干65岁组平均住院日分别为8.10 d、7.66d、8.83 d、10.26 d和11.33 d.自费患者平均住院日为8.39 d,新农合组为9.10 d,商业保险组10.17 d,社会基本医疗保险患者则为11.08 d.不同疾病分类间平均住院日差异明显,妊娠类平均住院日最短,为6.73 d,而肿瘤患者则为14.26 d.结论 不同性别、不同年龄段、不同疾病分类及不同付费方式间平均住院日存在差异,县级医疗机构和乡级医疗机构住院患者平均住院日也存在差异. 相似文献
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The effect of temperature and of cetrimide on the rate of loss of refractility of spores of Bacillus megaterium 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The rate of germination of spores of Bacillus megaterium at 30° is not significantly different from the rate at 37° but the onset of germination is delayed; outgrowth is normal. At 45° germination of some spores occurs but the rate is much slower than at 37°, and there is no lag; emergence occurs from only a proportion of the germinated spores and after 3 or 4 vegetative cells have been produced, replication ceases. A single regression equation can represent the germination rate of the spores at 37° in the presence of from 0.0005 to 0.02% w/v of cetrimide and in its absence. In 0.0005% w/v of cetrimide, germ cells emerge from some of the germinated spores but many of them become swollen and disintegrate. Concentrations of 0.00125% w/v or more progressively inhibit swelling and completely inhibit emergence. 相似文献
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目的 探讨不同方法对复发性假性耳廓囊肿的治疗效果.方法 对2008年5月至2012年2月在我科就诊的58例复发性假性耳廓囊肿分成2组,穿刺抽液+冷冻+加压包扎组(19例),手术切除囊肿前壁软骨+对穿缝合组(39例),随访3个月到1年,观察2组治愈率、复发率,有效率、并发症等情况.结果 对照组1次治愈后痊愈5例,复发14例,治愈率为26.3%,复发率为73.7%,有效率为78.9%,其中耳廓增厚6例,1例并发化脓性软骨膜炎.观察组治愈38例,复发1例,经过1次穿刺后治愈,治愈率为97.4%,复发率为2.6%,有效率为100.0%.所有患者无耳廓变形、增厚,无化脓性耳廓软骨膜炎的并发症.结论 囊肿前壁软骨切除+对穿缝合是治疗复发性假性耳廓囊肿的高效、首选办法,值得推广. 相似文献
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《抗感染药学》2017,(1):40-44
目的:分析静脉药物配制中心(PIVAS)临床药师对抗肿瘤辅助用药调配中的作用,为临床肿瘤患者的合理用药提供参考。方法:采用回顾性分析法,分析和点评2015年1—12月间PIVAS抗肿瘤辅助用药调配中相关因素,对突出的问题进行干预,评估临床实践中的潜在风险和干预结果。结果:PIVAS抗肿瘤辅助药的调配,以中药注射剂、免疫增强剂和消化系统药物为主;临床药师点评医嘱中与此相关的药品有香菇多糖注射液、小牛脾提取物注射液、盐酸托烷司琼注射液、帕洛诺司琼注射液和奥美拉唑钠注射液,其所占比例依次为86.50%,77.50%,43.00%,34.00%和49.50%;不合理用药的因素有给药途径不适宜、药物配伍不当、适应证不明确、用药疗程过长、联合用药不适宜、用法用量不适宜和溶媒选择不适宜,其分别占总点评总数的11.85%,0.65%,0.85%,2.85%,0.55%,26.05%和0.25%,其不良反应的临床表现以便秘、腹泻和皮疹最为多见。结论:经过临床药师的积极干预,与2015年上半年相比,下半年小牛脾提取物注射液、香菇多糖注射液、帕洛诺司琼注射液和注射用胸腺法新的不合理用药点评例数显著下降,抗肿瘤辅助药物注射剂不良反应率明显下降。 相似文献