电偶极子在磁各向异性介质中的辐射功率

在经典电动力学框架下对磁各向异性介质中的电磁辐射问题进行研究, 得到了电偶极子在磁各向异性介质中的辐射功率表达式. 当介质为磁各向同性时其结果与文献报道的结果相符合, 验证了推导结果的正确性. 利用本文结果可对电偶极子在磁各向异性介质中的辐射效果做出判断, 而且对于进一步研究磁各向异性介质的电磁特性、更有效地开发利用磁各向异性介质具有实际意义.     

介质球的各向异性瑞利散射

基于电磁场的多尺度理论,研究了各向异性介质球内、外电场的规律,导出了各向异性目标散射场的表达式,得到了各向异性介质目标散射振幅、散射截面等的解析表达式,并对其正确性进行了检验.仿真结果表明:各向异性介质球的散射具有偶极辐射的特点,介电常量越大,产生的偶极矩也愈大,散射也越强.其结果可为各向异性目标监测、各向异性光散射研究等提供理论支持.     

各向异性磁介质中的静磁交换模

继作者对Damon和Easbach(简称DE)理论在长波部分的修正,本文探讨了DE理论在短波部分的适应性,研究了具有单轴各向异性和弱交换作用的偶极自旋模式,给出了临界角的表达式,并分析了频率-波矢空间的实际图象。所得结果与铁磁共振的频谱实验结果较好地符合。 关键词：     

FeXXI离子电偶级、磁偶极及电四极跃迁振子强度的计算

讨论了使用MCHF方法优化径向波函数以获取大量原子参数的方法，由得到的波函数计算了FeXXI离子的相对论与非相对论能级，将计算能级与已有的实验结果进行了比较，对电偶极，磁偶极以及电四极的振子强度进行了非相对论与相对论修正的计算，对非相对论计算的振子强度，长度与速度两种表示符合较好。     

FeⅩⅪ离子电偶级、磁偶极及电四极跃迁振子强度的计算

讨论了使用MCHF方法优化径向波函数以获取大量原子参数的方法,由得到的波函数计算了FeXXI离子的相对论与非相对论能级,将计算能级与已有的实验结果进行了比较.对电偶极、磁偶极以及电四极的振子强度进行了非相对论与相对论修正的计算,对非相对论计算的振子强度,长度与速度两种表示符合较好.     

类铍离子磁四极M2 2s2 1S0-2s2p 3 P2(Z=10-103)禁戒跃迁

利用全相对论多组态:Dirac-Fock方法系统地计算了高离化类铍离子的磁四极M2 2s2 1S0-2s2p3P2 (Z=10-103)自旋禁戒跃迁的能级间隔、跃迁概率和振子强度,计算中考虑了重要核的有限体积效应,Breit修正和QED修正,所得结果和最近的实验数据以及理论值进行了比较,结果表明:高原子序数的高电荷离子(Z≥70)磁四极M2自旋禁戒跃迁几乎可以和中性原子的光学允许跃迁相比拟,不仅在天体等离子体中,在ICF和MCF高温激光等离子体中,磁四极自旋禁戒跃迁和其他自旋禁戒跃迁(磁偶极、电四极)一样不容忽视,在双电子复合、不透明度、自由程等理论计算中应该考虑其影响.     

磁畴壁手性和磁斯格明子的拓扑性表征及其调控

磁性斯格明子由于拓扑的保护性,具有很高的稳定性和较小的临界驱动电流,有望应用于未来的赛道存储器件中.而在中心对称体系,由于偶极作用的各向同性,磁泡的拓扑性和螺旋度都呈现出多样性的特征.其中非平庸的磁泡即等同于磁性斯格明子.我们通过近期实验结果,结合微磁学模拟的方法,发现在中心对称体系中磁斯格明子的拓扑性会受到体系垂直各向异性的调控.另外在加磁场的演变过程中,会很大程度上依赖于基态畴的畴壁特性.磁场的倾斜或者一定的面内各向异性也会改变磁斯格明子的形态.通过对材料的基态磁结构及磁各向异性的调节,辅助以面内分量的控制,可以对基态磁畴、进而对磁斯格明子的拓扑性实现调控.这对磁斯格明子在电流驱动存储器件中的应用具有重要意义.     

基于电子共振跃迁的光频本征型超常电磁介质

超常电磁介质因其异于普通材料的电磁性质而受到广泛关注,基于周期性谐振结构的超常介质(即超材料)到光频段以后会出现加工困难,且损耗明显,而基于材料本征性质的超常介质却表现出独特的优势.文章简要介绍了三类本征型超常电磁介质的形成机制,它们分别是强各向异性机制、自旋波和等离子体耦合机制以及电子共振跃迁机制.重点介绍了基于电子共振跃迁的超常介质.采用半经典理论分析了气态介质中二能级、三能级体系的电偶极跃迁和磁偶极跃迁过程,总结了极化率和磁化率的一般表达式,综述了基于二能级、三能级及多能级模型获得的气态超常电磁介质.此外,对凝聚态体系中的电子共振跃迁和超常电磁性质关系作了简要阐述.最后,对采用实验方法实现的这种本征型超常电磁介质进行了简要分析.     

小尺寸正方形铁磁薄膜边界效应对磁化翻转过程的影响

用自旋动力学方法系统地研究磁偶极相互作用表现的边界效应对小尺寸正方形铁磁薄膜的磁化翻转过程的影响.在确定的磁偶极相互作用强度下,针对不同的单轴各向异性强度和不同的磁化角(外磁场与易轴间的夹角),具体给出矫顽场与磁化角及单轴各向异性强度之间的依赖关系和-些有代表性的磁滞回线,并给出磁化翻转过程中-些有代表性的微观磁结构.模拟结果表明:磁偶极相互作用表现的边界钉扎作用与单轴各向异性场之间的竞争决定磁滞回线的形状和矫顽场的大小,从而在不同磁化角情况下会导致不同的矫顽场机理.本文提出可有效地描述正方形铁磁性薄膜复杂微观磁畴结构的形成与演变的五磁畴模型.这种五磁畴模型既能直接揭示单轴各向异性正方形铁磁薄膜的几何特性和物理特性,也方便于磁化翻转过程的分析.     

类铍离子磁四极M2 2s2 1S0—2s2p3P2 (Z=10—103)禁戒跃迁

利用全相对论多组态Dirac-Fock方法系统地计算了高离化类铍离子的磁四极M2 2s²¹S₀—2s2p³P₂ (Z=10—103)自旋禁戒跃迁的能级间隔、跃迁概率和振子强度，计算中考虑了重要核的有限体积效应，Breit修正和QED修正，所得结果和最近的实验数据以及理论值进行了比较，结果表明：高原子序数的高电荷离子(Z≥70)磁四极M2自旋禁戒跃迁几乎可以和中性原子的光学允许跃迁相比拟，不仅在天体等离子体中，在ICF和MCF高温激光等离子体中，磁四极自旋禁戒跃迁和其他自旋禁戒跃迁（磁偶极、电四极）一样不容忽视，在双电子复合、不透明度、自由程等理论计算中应该考虑其影响. 关键词： 磁四极M2 能级间隔 跃迁概率 振子强度     

Thermodynamic and magnetic properties of the electron gas in the inhomogeneous magnetic field Hr−1

The nonrelativistic and relativistic energy eigenvalues of the electron in the inhomogeneous magnetic fieldH _z =Hr ⁻¹,r=(x ² +y ²)^1/2 are derived in a form displaying the explicit spin dependence. The possibility of magnetic hydrogen atom formation and the spontaneouse ⁺ e ⁻ pair creation following from these eigenvalues is mentioned. The expressions for pressure, energy, particle number and magnetic moment of an electron gas in this IMF are calculated in the degenerate limit. The possibility of spontaneous magnetisation,i.e., ferromagnetic behaviour, is established. Further, the pressure of the electron gas in the same type of fields is an order of magnitude higher than those in a homogeneous magnetic field and crossed homogeneous electric and magnetic fields for comparable field strengths.     

托卡马克等离子体中内部磁扰动的测量研究

热等离子体中内部磁扰动水平可以由逃逸电子输运来确定，逃逸电子输运采用扰动实验和稳态实验等四种不同方法较容易获得某些局域的逃逸扩散系数，首先利用等离子体快速移动实验，测量孔栏上硬X射线通量的变化，获得边缘扩散系数；第二，由微波辐射强度和硬X射线通量(HXR)信号的锯齿振荡的峰值延迟时间得到径向位置某处到孔栏之间平均扩散系数；第三，软X射线(SXR)强度和HXR通量的信号的锯齿振荡的峰值延迟时间给出等离子体芯区外的径向平均扩散系数；第四，由来自孔栏上HXR韧致辐射谱求得逃逸电子平均能量，继而得到逃逸约束时间， 关键词： 逃逸电子输运 扩散系数 内部磁涨落 软X射线(SXR) 硬X射线 (HXR)     

Evaluation of nuclear quadrupole interactions as a source of magnetic anisotropy in the radical pair model of the avian magnetic compass

One of the principal proposed biophysical mechanisms put forward to explain the avian magnetic compass sense centres around magnetically sensitive chemistry. Based on a large number of in vitro studies of the effects of applied magnetic fields on the yields and rates of chemical reactions it has been suggested that the anisotropic magnetic interactions in spin-correlated radical pairs could be the source of the directional information that allows migratory birds to use the Earth's magnetic field as a navigational aid. Here numerical quantum mechanical simulations are employed to explore the possibility that the hitherto neglected nuclear quadrupole interaction may provide directional information in a radical pair magnetoreceptor. It is concluded that although nuclear quadrupole interactions could fulfil this function, they are unlikely to influence significantly the reaction yield anisotropy in the flavin-tryptophan radical pair that has been proposed as the in vivo magnetoreceptor.     

Effect of microstructure on the coercivity of HDDR Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetic alloy

The effect of the grain boundary microstructure on the anisotropy and coercivity was investigated in an HDDR Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetic alloy. Considering the special microstructure of its magnetic powder grain, an anisotropic theoretical model influenced simultaneously by the structure defect at the grain boundary and the exchange coupling interaction was put forward. The variations of the structure defect factors based on the nucleation and pinning mechanism with 2r ₀/lex (where r ₀ and lex are the defect thickness and the length of exchange coupling, respectively) were calculated. The results show that the coercivity mechanism of an HDDR Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetic alloy is greatly related to its microstructure defect at the grain boundary. For a fixed lex, when 2r ₀/lex < 1.67, the coercivity is controlled by the pinning mechanism; when 2r ₀/lex > 1.67, it is determined by the nucleation mechanism. The coercivity reaches the maximum when 2r ₀/lex = 1.67. The calculation result is consistent well with the experimental result given by Morimoto et al. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50671055)     

Strain-dependent electronic and magnetic of Co-doped monolayer of WSe2

We perform first-principles calculation to investigate electronic and magnetic properties of Co-doped WSe₂ monolayer with strains from −10% to 10%. We find that Co can induce magnetic moment about 0.894 μ_B, the Co-doped WSe₂ monolayer is a magnetic semiconductor material without strain. The doped system shows half-metallic properties under tensile strain, and the largest half-metal gap is 0.147 eV at 8% strain. The magnetic moment (0.894 μ_B) increases slightly from 0% to 6%, and jumps into about 3 μ_B at 8% and 10%, which presents high-spin state configurations. When we applied compressive strain, the doped system shows a half-metallic feature at −2% strain, and the magnetic moment jumps into 1.623 μ_B at −4% strain, almost two times as the original moment 0.894 μ_B at 0% strain. The magnetic moment vanishes at −7% strain. The Co-doped WSe₂ can endure strain from −6% to 10%. Strain changes the redistribution of charges and magnetic moment. Our calculation results show that the Co-doped WSe₂ monolayer can transform from magnetic semiconductor to half-metallic material under strain.     

Electric and magnetic response to the continuum for A = 7 isobars in a dicluster model

The mirror isobars ⁷Li and ⁷Be are investigated in a dicluster model. The magnetic dipole moments and the magnetic dipole response to the continuum are calculated in this framework. The magnetic contribution is found to be small with respect to electric dipole and quadrupole excitations even at astrophysical energies, at a variance with the case of the deuteron. Energy-weighted molecular sum rules are evaluated and a formula for the molecular magnetic dipole sum rule is found which matches the numerical calculations. Cross-sections for photo-dissociation and radiative capture as well as the S -factor for reactions of astrophysical significance are calculated with good agreement with known experimental data.     

强梯度磁场下金属熔体中析出相晶粒迁移的动力学研究

建立了梯度磁场下金属熔体中晶粒迁移的一般动力学模型，导出了磁场对导电熔体黏度的影响规律，得到了迁移速度的解析解和迁移距离的分析解.导电熔体的有效黏度随磁场强度的平方成线性递增关系.迁移速度达到终极速度的时间为10^-3s数量级.终极速度随着磁场强度的增加而迅速减小，表明强磁场对晶粒迁移有抑制作用.迁移距离和迁移率与磁场分布密切相关.为观察初晶硅的迁移状况，将Al-18wt%Si合金在650℃保温60min后，施加强梯度磁场（B_z=5 T，B_zdB_z/dz=-224T²·m^-1）对熔体作用不同时间并淬火，结果表明，晶粒半径大于等于40μm的初晶硅在120s内大部分完成迁移，与理论计算符合. 关键词： 强梯度磁场 析出相 迁移 刚体动力学     

Properties of spacetimes with magnetic dipoles

The properties of an asymptotically flat spacetime with a mass and a magnetic dipole are studied. We focus on the breaking of spherical symmetry by the magnetic dipole. We investigate the geometry of the spacetime through the trajectories of null geodesics and the embedding diagrams of various hypersurfaces, included constant t and r surfaces and the infinite red shift surface. We find that the effects of the magnetic dipole on the spacetime are larger at the poles than on the equator.     

Ab initio studies on the mechanic and magnetic properties of PdHx

Based on ab initio total energy calculations,the structural,electronic,mechanic,and magnetic properties of PdH x are investigated.It is found that bulk modulus of PdH x is larger than the metal Pd with the hydrogen storage except Pd 4 H 2.The calculated results for the magnetic moments show that the hydrogen addition weakens the magnetic properties of the PdH x systems.A strong magneto-volume effect is found in PdH x structures as well as Pd.The transition from paramagnetism to ferromagnetism is discussed.The corresponding densities of states for both structures are also shown to understand the magnetic behaviour.