聚乳酸的MH方程常数及其GPC标定线的订定

提出了聚乳酸Mark-Houwink方程(简称MH方程)常数订定的方法。订定了在35℃、四氢呋喃中聚乳酸的MH方程常数:K=2.59×10~(-4)dl/g,α=0.689。验证了K、α值的可靠性,GPC测[η]′和实测[η]间的相对偏差,一般在8.0％以下,最大不超过16.0％。     

聚环氧丙烷MH方程常数及其GPC标定线的订定

提出了一种以不同分布宽度的聚环氧丙烷订定MH方程常数的方法。订定了聚环氧丙烷-四氢呋喃25°C时的MH方程:[η]=8.45×10~(-4)Mm~(0.536)。两常数在GPC测定中证明GPC所测[η]′和实测[η]十分接近,一般相对误差不大于6％,最大者也不超过11％。     

用多分散标样订定GPC普适标定曲线的新方法

<正> 用凝胶渗透色谱法测定聚合物的分子量及分子量分布首先要用单分散标样订定普适标定曲线,但这种标样价格昂贵,在我国目前主要靠进口。北京化工学院高分子材料所采用数理分析方法,经过多重数学转换,把多分散试样的分子参数转换成单分散标样的有效流体力学体积的直接解析函数,提出了用多分散标样订定单分散标样的普适标定曲线的新方法。采用     

GPC测定SBR和PS的相对分子质量及其分布

使用凝胶渗透色谱仪（GPC）测定了丁苯橡胶（SBR）及聚苯乙烯（PS）和高冲聚苯乙烯（HIPS）在不同生产工艺条件下的相对分子质量及其分布的变化。结果表明：用相对分子质量及其分布数据可以直观地看到橡胶混炼与干燥工艺过程中的相对分子质量变化，也可以分析判断PS及HIPS生产工艺中出现的问题。     

气液两相流的双参数测量及其标定

本文基于相关测量技术的气液两相流流量双参数测量原理,对装置及其标定问题作了较为详尽的论述,并相应地提供了实验数据。     

用孔隙度标定岩石电阻率参数的一种方法

测量岩石电阻率参数的常用方法有实验室测定、地表小四极测量和电阻率反演，每种方法都有局限性。在没有钻井，不能用井旁电测深资料反演地层电阻率的情况下，可用地表小四极法测定岩石电阻率。但其测定值与井旁电测深资料反演的电阻率值之间存在一个系统差，不能用于大地电磁测深等资料的反演解释。为此，探讨了岩石电阻率和孔隙度之间的关系，提出了一种将地表小四极法观测的岩石电阻率值用孔隙度来标定的方法。结果表明，用此方法标定后的电阻率值与井旁电测深资料反演的电阻率值十分接近。     

国产沥青性质的GPC分析

本文采用GPC(凝胶色谱)法测定了三种国产沥青的分子量、分子量分布、各个组分含量的百分数等,并以此与沥青的物理性能进行对应分析。结果表明:沥青的分子量与沥青的针入度、软化点、粘度有着密切关系。     

一种新型高效硅质GPC填料的研制和评价

采用粉碎沉降分级法得到较均一的10微米左右SiO_2粒子为基料,用改性锂复盐扩孔法获得平均孔径100—4000A的五种规格的硅质粒子,表面烷基化后作为有机相的高效GPC填料。其柱效3×1O~4块/米左右,高分子柱效10~4块/米以上,线性分离范围(PS在THF中)7×10~2—7×10~6以上。经评价与目前球形高效硅质GPC填料进行对比,各项指标性能优异。     

套管强度与热处理参数关系的数学方程

采用三元二次回归正交旋转试验设计,对中C-Mn系低合金SEW(stretch-reducing electric welding)套管的调质热处理试验和结果进行了分析,拟合了热处理工艺参数与套管强度指标的数学方程;通过数学方程的回归方程和系数方差分析,确定了主影响因素,并简化了该数学方程。通过不同热处理制度的试验验证,结果表明,该方程重现性好,可靠性高,可以用来对高钢级石油套管产品工业生产进行指导。     

测井压力仪器刻度参数处理方法研究

对压力仪器刻度数据进行处理,能够提高测井压力仪器的性能.为最大限度地提高压力刻度数据的应用效果,减少压力温度补偿过程的计算误差,提高压力测量精度,用几种计算方法对压力刻度数据进行温度补偿处理,以二维、三维图形方式直观显示了温度-压力-频率3种数据之间的关系.对比结果分析表明,利用最小二乘法处理结果得到的压力温度补偿系数对压力测井进行温度补偿结果最好.     

PDC钻头的轨迹方程及切削参数计算方法

准确计算PDC钻头切削齿的切削面积、切削体积和切削弧弧长等切削参数,对PDC钻头的优化设计和性能分析等都具有十分重要的意义。运用空间几何和数值计算理论,对PDC钻头的轨迹方程和切削参数的计算方法进行了研究。建立了描述PDC钻头在井底的几何位置及运动轨迹的坐标系统,给出了PDC钻头的运动轨迹方程和切削齿在井底的切痕曲线方程。综合考虑了钻头冠部形状、切削齿的布置、切削齿的工作角、切削齿的形状及尺寸、切削齿的相互作用及切削齿的先后次序等因素的影响,提出了切削齿的切削面积、切削体积、切削弧弧长等切削参数的数值计算     

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��In this paper, the theoretical basis and method far determining the parameters in Bingham, Index and Casson Rheological Equations by using linear regression method are expounded. Through processing the measured data of ten kinds of drilling fluid and annlyzing and comparing the calculation errors of rheolugical parameters, determiued by several methods, it is indicated that the application of regression rheological parameters within the velocity-gradient limit of 1000-5S^-1 has much higher accuracy.     

Near Infrared Spectroscopic Determination of Diesel Fuel Parameters Using Genetic Multivariate Calibration

The use of full spectral region from near infrared spectroscopic analysis does not always end up with a good multivariate calibration model as many of the wavelengths do not contain necessary information. Due to the complexity of the spectra, some of the wavelengths or regions may, in fact, disturb the model-building step. Genetic algorithms are one of the useful tools for solving wavelength selection problems and may improve the predictive ability of conventional multivariate calibration methods. This study demonstrates application of genetic algorithm-based multivariate calibration to near infrared spectroscopic determination of several diesel fuel parameters. The parameters studied are cetane number, boiling and freezing point, total aromatic content, viscosity, and density. Multivariate calibration models were generated using genetic inverse least squares (GILS) method and used to predict the diesel fuel parameters based on their near infrared spectra. For each property, a different data set was used and in all cases the number of samples was around 250. Overall, percent standard error of prediction (%SEP) values ranged between 2.48 and 4.84% for boiling point, total aromatics, viscosity, and density. However, %SEP results for cetane number and freezing point were 11.00% and 14.86%, respectively.     

酸压水平井产能公式参数获取

在水平井预测产能的计算公式中,相关参数的获取多来自测井资料。出于精确度和实际成本的考虑,往往采用更为经济简便的方法获取产能公式参数。在不考虑测井方法的基础上,综合阐述了酸压水平井产能公式中各个参数的定义及获取方法,并将蚓孔的影响也纳入考虑范围,为实际生产和方案优化提供了一定的借鉴。     

海底管道弯矩—曲率形式的Ramberg-Osgood方程参数计算

Ramberg-Osgood方程在海洋工程中常用于描述钢材的弹—塑性本构关系.给出了弯矩—曲率形式的Ramberg-Osgood方程参数的详细计算过程,并详细描述了完成这一转换过程的计算程序编制流程.     

Near Infrared Spectroscopic Determination of Diesel Fuel Parameters Using Genetic Multivariate Calibration

Abstract

The use of full spectral region from near infrared spectroscopic analysis does not always end up with a good multivariate calibration model as many of the wavelengths do not contain necessary information. Due to the complexity of the spectra, some of the wavelengths or regions may, in fact, disturb the model-building step. Genetic algorithms are one of the useful tools for solving wavelength selection problems and may improve the predictive ability of conventional multivariate calibration methods. This study demonstrates application of genetic algorithm-based multivariate calibration to near infrared spectroscopic determination of several diesel fuel parameters. The parameters studied are cetane number, boiling and freezing point, total aromatic content, viscosity, and density. Multivariate calibration models were generated using genetic inverse least squares (GILS) method and used to predict the diesel fuel parameters based on their near infrared spectra. For each property, a different data set was used and in all cases the number of samples was around 250. Overall, percent standard error of prediction (%SEP) values ranged between 2.48 and 4.84% for boiling point, total aromatics, viscosity, and density. However, %SEP results for cetane number and freezing point were 11.00% and 14.86%, respectively.     

基于GPC的丙烯腈装置反应器操作优化

介绍了丙烯腈流化床反应器生产工艺，阐述了应用GPC技术和正交优化设计实现丙烯腈流化床反应器操作优化的原理和方法。并通过工业实际应用表明操作优化可以显著提高装置的丙烯腈收率。