不同全球电离层格网产品在中国区域的应用精度评估与分析

基于全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)跟踪站和Jason测高卫星获得的电离层总电子含量(TEC),系统评估了国内外5家国际GNSS服务(IGS)电离层分析中心以及全球连续监测评估系统(iG-MAS)综合中心的预报、快速和最终全球电离层格网产品(GIM)在中国区域的精度和标准单点定位应用性能.结果表明:不同类型GIM产品在中国...     

iGMAS全球电离层TEC格网产品精度分析

为了分析与评估国际GNSS监测评估系统(iGMAS)全球电离层TEC格网产品精度,该文基于iGMAS及IGS各电离层分析中心发布的全球电离层TEC格网产品,进行了精度比较分析,结果表明:iGMAS与IGS、CODE、JPL、ESOC、UPC等IGS电离层工作组发布的全球电离层TEC格网产品,在全球、不同纬度带和欧洲等不同区域均表现出较高的一致性和强相关性,互差为0~2.0 TECU;JPL分析中心GIM的内符合精度约为2.5 TECU,iGMAS、IGS、CODE、ESOC和UPC等分析中心GIM的内符合精度均小于1.5 TECU;在2~8 TECU的精度范围内,iGMAS全球电离层TEC格网产品的精度总体与IGS、CODE、JPL、ESOC、UPC等IGS电离层工作组的精度相当。     

信息扩散估计在电离层格网模型建立中的应用

介绍了二维最优信息扩散估计的基本方法,将该方法应用于区域电离层格网模型的建立,实现过程中采用了自适应窗宽和逐级加密的方法改善模型效果,并结合具体算例证明了该模型的有效性。     

中国区域电离层相关结构对卫星增强系统的影响

利用GPS测量数据对中国低纬区域的电离层相关结构特性进行了分析研究,并进一步和美国区域的数据处理结果进行了比较。结果表明：中国低纬地区存在的电离层异常是影响卫星增强系统中电离层延迟误差修正及完好性实现的重要因素,并且即使在低年,电离层异常的这种影响也存在。     

不同活跃状态下香港区域电离层建模分析

针对如何选取合适的区域电离层模型阶数的问题,该文研究了不同活跃状态下香港区域电离层模型的精度,提供了电离层平静期、活跃期、异常期区域电离层球谐函数建模的最佳阶数。利用低纬度香港CORS网数据,建立区域电离层模型,通过对比欧洲定轨中心(CODE)电离层产品验证了区域电离层模型最佳阶数的建模精度。在约110 km区域范围内,研究结果表明：(1)电离层平静期,1～5阶球谐模型垂直电子总含量(VTEC)建模效果相当,相对于CODE产品VTEC偏差的均值为2.286～3.300 TECU;(2)电离层活跃期和异常期,2阶模型VTEC建模精度最高,相对于CODE产品VTEC偏差的均值分别为4.121、4.546 TECU;(3)随着球谐模型阶数增加,2阶以上球谐模型电离层拟合精度无显著提升;(4)随着电离层活跃更加剧烈,球谐模型拟合残差逐渐增大,拟合效果和建模精度出现下降。     

格网电离层模型在单频精密单点定位中的应用

基于四点内插方法建立了选点内插模型,讨论了内插过程中的两种定权方法;利用4个IGS跟踪站连续3 d的实测数据,采用单频精密单点定位方法,以坐标外符合误差为标准比较分析了两种内插模型和两种定权方法的效果.实验结果表明:两种内插模型和两种定权方法都是有效的,应用于单频精密单点定位时能够使点坐标外符合精度达到厘米级.最后,针对单频精密单点定位中电离层延迟误差的处理问题提出了具有参考性的建议.     

利用GPS观测值建立格网电离层模型的探讨

介绍了建立格网电离层延迟模型的基本原理,着重阐述了多面函数算法、距离加权算法的原理以及用这2种算法建立区域格网电离层延迟模型的方法,并利用地壳网络观测数据对这2种算法进行检核。结果表明这2种模型均可达到±0.5 m 的精度。     

中国区域CODE全球电离层地图精度分析

电离层延迟是精密单点定位的主要误差源,双频用户可利用组合观测值消除其影响,单频用户只能利用电离层模型对其加以改正.因此电离层模型的精度对单频精密单点定位(single-frequency precise point positioning,SF-PPP)的精度至关重要.为分析欧洲轨道确定中心(Center Orbit Determination Europe,CODE)提供的全球电离层地图(global ionospheric map,GIM)在中国区域内的精度,在不同纬度范围内选取25个均匀分布的陆态网基准站,从STEC(slant total electron content,STEC)精度及单频动态定位精度两个角度对CODE GIM进行精度评估.结果表明STEC均方根(root mean square,RMS)7天内的平均值为6.38 TECU,应用CODE GIM进行单频动态精密单点定位的精度在水平方向达到亚米级,高程方向达到米级,在高纬度地区CODE GIM精度更高.     

多系统广播电离层模型精度评估

电离层误差是导航定位主要的误差源之一,广播电离层模型为单频用户修正电离层延迟提供了简便有效的方法。本文采用CODE提供的GIM产品作为评估的基准,对4大广播电离层模型进行了多方面精度评估,旨在为后续的模型改进及应用提供参考。结果表明：各个模型北半球改正率高于南半球,白天改正率高于晚间;NeQuick模型在中低纬度服务性能一般,但在高纬度地区明显高于BDSK8、GPSK8模型,改正率高出BDGIM模型约5%,BDSK8、GPSK8、BDGIM模型在中低纬度改正率较高,高纬度带改正率稍差;BDGIM模型性能总体优于其他模型,全球范围改正率可达76.91%。     

地磁暴期间电离层扰动监测及GNSS定位性能分析

为分析磁暴期间电离层扰动规律及GNSS定位性能变化,基于国际GNSS服务(International GNSS Service,IGS)全球观测数据及全球电离层图(global ionospheric map,GIM),对2018年8月26日地磁暴事件引发的北半球地区电离层总电子含量(total electron content,TEC)异常变化和GPS定位性能进行分析.结果表明：北半球TEC异常存在纬度差异,高纬地区响应快,低纬地区异常值变化大,达12 TECU;磁暴期间高纬地区观测数据周跳变化明显,周跳比数值与磁静日相比最大下降61.84%;磁暴期间所有测站数据完整率下降,高纬地区下降响应快,下降严重,达38.65%,研究区所有测站数据完整率下降出现在磁暴恢复相,数据质量与TEC异常变化规律较为一致;对GPS双频动态精密单点定位(precise point positioning,PPP)结果进行分析发现,磁暴期间高纬地区测站定位误差显著增大,水平和垂直方向均方根误差(root mean squared error,RMSE)增至约0.7 m及1.8 m.     

利用GPS组合观测值建立区域电离层模型研究

介绍了VTEC模型的基本原理，给出了三种利用载波相位观测值改善伪距观测值精度的方法，利用三种组合观测值分别建立VTEC模型，并与利用伪距观测值计算的VTEC模型的精度进行比较。     

Cycle slip detection and repair for undifferenced GPS observations under high ionospheric activity

We develop a new approach for cycle slip detection and repair under high ionospheric activity using undifferenced dual-frequency GPS carrier phase observations. A forward and backward moving window averaging (FBMWA) algorithm and a second-order, time-difference phase ionospheric residual (STPIR) algorithm are integrated to jointly detect and repair cycle slips. The FBMWA algorithm is proposed to detect cycle slips from the widelane ambiguity of Melbourne–Wübbena linear combination observable. The FBMWA algorithm has the advantage of reducing the noise level of widelane ambiguities, even if the GPS data are observed under rapid ionospheric variations. Thus, the detection of slips of one cycle becomes possible. The STPIR algorithm can better remove the trend component of ionospheric variations compared to the normally used first-order, time-difference phase ionospheric residual method. The combination of STPIR and FBMWA algorithms can uniquely determine the cycle slips at both GPS L ₁ and L ₂ frequencies. The proposed approach has been tested using data collected under different levels of ionospheric activities with simulated cycle slips. The results indicate that this approach is effective even under active ionospheric conditions.     

Feasibility analysis of baseband architectures for multi-GNSS receivers

GPS Solutions - Receiver design challenges arising from new GNSS signals include required intermediate frequency, sampling rate, modulation type, spreading code, and secondary code. Several...     

基于GPS观测分析青岛地区电离层板厚变化特性

基于青岛站2000年8月至2006年4月间半个太阳活动周的GPS和测高仪的同步观测,提取期间的电离层TEC和f_oF_2的小时观测数据,联合分析该地区电离层板厚的日变化、季节变化和随太阳活动变化,研究表明青岛地区电离层板厚在日出前时段出现明显的增强峰,并随季节和太阳活动呈现出较复杂的变化关系.利用板厚的相对偏差,探讨了电离层板厚扰动变化分布特征.     

PPPH: a MATLAB-based software for multi-GNSS precise point positioning analysis

The integration of different GNSS constellations offers considerable opportunities to improve Precise Point Positioning (PPP) performance. Being aware of the limited number of the alternatives that utilize the potential advantages of the multi-constellation and multi-frequency GNSS, we developed a MATLAB-based GNSS analysis software, named PPPH. PPPH is capable of processing GPS, GLONASS, Galileo and BeiDou data, and forming their different combinations depending on user’s preference. Thanks to its user-friendly graphical interface, PPPH allows users to determine a variety of processing options and parameters. In addition to an output file including the estimated parameters for every single epoch, PPPH also presents several analyzing and plotting tools for evaluating the results, such as positioning error, tropospheric zenith total delay, receiver clock estimation, satellite number, dilution of precisions. On the other hand, we conducted experimental tests to both validate the performance of PPPH and assess the potential benefits of multi-GNSS on PPP. The results indicate that PPPH provides comparable PPP solution with the general standards and also contributes to the improvement of PPP performance with the integration of multi-GNSS. Consequently, we introduce a GNSS analysis software that is easy to use, has a robust performance and is open to progress with its modular structure.     

Mitigating the impact of ionospheric cycle slips in GNSS observations

Processing of data from global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), such as GPS, GLONASS and Galileo, can be considerably impeded by disturbances in the ionosphere. Cycle-slip detection and correction thus becomes a crucial component of robust software. Still, dealing with ionospheric cycle slips is not trivial due to scintillation effects in both the phase and the amplitude of the signals. In this contribution, a geometry-based approach with rigorous handling of the ionosphere is presented. A detailed analysis of the cycle-slip correction process is also tackled by examining its dependence on phase and code noise, non-dispersive effects and, of course, the ionosphere. The importance of stochastic modeling in validating the integer cycle-slip candidates is emphasized and illustrated through simulations. By examining the relationship between ionospheric bias and ionospheric constraint, it is shown that there is a limit in the magnitude of ionospheric delay variation that can be handled by the cycle-slip correction process. Those concepts are applied to GNSS data collected by stations in northern Canada, and show that enhanced cycle-slip detection can lead to decimeter-level improvements in the accuracy of kinematic PPP solutions with a 30-s sampling interval. Cycle-slip correction associated with ionospheric delay variations exceeding 50 cm is also demonstrated, although there are risks with such a procedure and these are pointed out.