聚氯乙烯－丁腈橡胶－氯丁橡胶三元共混物的研究

测定了聚氯乙烯（ＰＶＣ）－丁腈橡胶（ＮＢＲ－２９）－氯丁橡胶（ＣＲ）三元共混物的冲击性能和应力－应变行为，用动态力学分析、扫描电镜和透射电镜研究了共混物的相容性和形态结构，结果表明，ＮＢＲ－２９对ＰＶＣ，ＣＲ有良好的增容作用，三元共混物是部分相容的二相体系，具有良好的抗冲击性能。     

聚合物共混物脆韧转变性能研究─—形态参数对聚氯乙烯／丁腈橡胶共混物脆韧转变性能的影响

研究了非晶的聚氯乙烯（ＰＶＣ）／丁腈橡胶（ＮＢＲ）共混物脆韧转变特性，主要包括形态参数─—分散相粒径（ｄ）、体积分数（）、特别是分散相粒径分布（б）对其脆动转变性能的影响．结果表明，当ｄ＜临界值（ｄ）或＞临界值（）时，ＰＶＣ／ＮＢＲ产生脆韧转变．而且ｄＣ随。的增大而减小；随б的增大而增大。增大不利于增韧和脆韧转变的发生。也是影响聚合物共混物脆韧转变的重要形态参数，理论预示与实验结果很好相符．结果并给出ＰＶＣ／ＮＢＲ共混物的冲击韧性也是分散相粒间基体层厚度（Ｔ）的单参数函数．当Ｔ＞Ｔ时，共混物为脆性；当Ｔ≤Ｔ时，共混物韧性剧增成为超韧合金．虽然，以分子链结构参数分类，ＰＶＣ介于准韧性和脆性聚合物之间．结果证实，准韧性聚合物共混物脆韧转变的Ｔｃ判据仍然适用于ＰＶＣ／ＮＢＲ共混物．     

聚合物共混物脆韧转变性能研究 Ⅳ橡胶粒子的分布对PVC/NBR共混物脆韧转变的影响

根据作者已建立的准网络形态模型和推导出的基体层厚度计算公式，从实验上研究了橡胶粒子的分布对聚氯乙烯（ＰＶＣ）／丁氰橡胶（ＮＢＲ）共混物脆韧转变的影响．结果表明，不仅无规形态ＰＶＣ／ＮＢＲ共混物存在脆韧转变主曲线，而且准网络形态ＰＶＣ／ＮＢＲ共混物也存在脆韧转变主曲线．但是两条主曲线明显不重合，表明橡胶粒子的分布对ＰＶＣ／ＮＢＲ共混物脆韧转变有显著影响．而且准网络形态ＰＶＣ／ＮＢＲ共混物的临界基体层厚度比无规形态ＰＶＣ／ＮＢＲ共混物的临界基体层厚度大得多，表明准网络形态比无规形态明显有利于增韧．因此临界基体层厚度不仅是基体的特征参数，还是界面粘结和橡胶粒子分布的函数．     

聚合物共混物脆韧转变性能研究：Ⅳ.橡胶粒子的分布对PVC／NBR共混物…

根据作者已建立的准网络形态模型和推导出的基体层厚度公式，从实验上研究了橡胶粒子的分布对聚氯乙烯／丁氰橡胶共混物脆韧转变的影响。结果表明，不仅无规形态ＰＶＣ／ＮＢＲ共混物存在脆韧转变主曲线，而且准网络形态ＰＶＣ／ＮＢＲ共混物也存在脆韧转变主曲线，但是条主曲线明显不重合，表明橡胶粒子分布对ＰＶＣ／ＮＢＲ共混物脆韧转变有显著影响，而且准网络形态ＰＶＣ／ＮＢＲ共混物的临界基体层厚度比无规形态ＰＶＣ／ＮＢＲ     

界面粘结对聚氯乙烯/丁腈橡胶共混物脆韧转变的影响

应用丙烯腈（ＡＮ）含量不同的丁腈橡胶（ＮＢＲ）与聚氯乙烯（ＰＶＣ）共混，研究了界面粘结对ＰＶＣ／ＮＢＲ共混物脆韧转变的影响．结果表明：当基体层度Ｔ相等时，过强的界面粘结，使ＰＶＣ／ＮＢＲ共混物的冲击强度降低，并且其产生脆韧转变的临界基体层厚度Ｔｃ减小．界面粘结对于聚合物共混物的增韧行为具有直接的影响．损伤区分析给出：随着界面粘结强度增大，空洞化过程受阻，减弱能量的耗散，并且不利于诱导剪切屈服损伤的产生，因而不利于增韧；但是界面粘强度过小，意味着共混物的相容性太差，致使分散相粒径过大，也不利于增韧．所以对增韧来讲，共混物的界面粘结强度存在一个最佳范围．     

1,4—双（氯甲基）—2—甲氧基—5—壬氧基苯的均聚和共聚研究

以１，４－双（氯甲基）－２，５一二甲基苯（ＢＣＭＤＭＢ）和１，４－双氯甲基－２－甲氧基－５－壬氧基苯（ＢＣＭＭＯＮＯＢ）为单体，采用脱氯化氢法，合成了聚（２，５－二甲基）对亚苯基亚乙烯（ＰＤＭＰＶ）和聚（２－甲氧基－５－壬氧基）对亚苯基亚乙烯（ＰＭＯＮＯＰＶ）；并对ＢＣＭＤＭＢ和ＢＣＭＭＯＮＯＢ的共聚进行了研究。结果表明，适宜的反应条件为：碱与单体的摩尔比为２０∶１，在室温下聚合时间为３０ｈ，碱的ｐＨ＝１４时产率最高。用ＩＲ、１Ｈ－ＮＭＲ、ＵＶ—Ｖｉｓ对聚合物进行了表征。     

N,N—二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸聚氯乙烯酯引发甲基丙烯酸甲…

用铜试剂（Ｎ，Ｎ－二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠）取代聚氯乙烯中的部分氯原子制备了Ｎ，Ｎ－二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸聚氯乙烯酯（ＰＶＣ－ＳＲ），研究了紫外光照下ＰＶＣ－ＳＲ引发甲基丙烯酸甲酯（ＭＭＡ）的聚合反应，考察了光照时间、单体浓度、ＰＶＣ－ＳＲ用量及官能度的影响。结果表明，ＰＶＣ－ＳＲ能有效地引发ＭＭＡ聚合，其产物是交联型接枝聚合物，且具有高接枝率和接枝效率。     

POM／EVA共混物的研究

用力学测试、扫描电镜（ＳＥＭ）、热分析（ＤＳＣ）等手段研究了聚甲醛（ＰＯＭ）与乙烯－醋酸乙烯酯共聚物（ＥＶＡ）共混物（ＰＯＭ／ＥＶＡ）的力学性能及其微同形态；用聚甲醛与马来酸二丁酯（ＤＢＭ）的接枝物（ＰＯＭ－ｇ－ＤＢＭ）作相溶剂，能改变共的两相间的粘结力，从而提出了共混物的力学性能，ＳＥＭ观察表明接枝物的加入改变了ＰＯＭ／ＥＶＡ共混物的断裂方式，微观形态及结晶性能，对其热性能影响不大；通过改变ＰＯ     

PVC／SBR／MBS三元共混合金的研究

对ＰＶＣ／ＳＢＲ／ＭＢＳ三元共混合金作了研究。在ＰＶＣ／ＳＢＲ体系中加入ＭＢＳ，ＰＶＣ的冲击强度可提高５．５倍，弯曲强度的保留率在８０％左右。电镜和ＤＤＶ测试表明ＭＢＳ的加入提高了ＳＢＲ对ＰＶＣ的相容性，增强了橡胶对ＰＶＣ的界面粘结力。     

BR和DCP在PS／LLDPE／SBS体系中的协同作用

ＢＲ和ＤＣＰ在ＰＳ／ＬＬＤＰＥ／ＳＢＳ体系中的协同作用方征平，许承威，项义崇（杭州大学化学系，杭州，３１００２８）关键词聚苯乙烯，聚乙烯，共混物，相分散－交联协同作用相分散（增容）－交联协同作用是提高不相容聚合物共混物性能的有效方法，我们曾将此方法成...     

Radiation Vulcanization of Nitrile Butadiene Rubber/Butadiene Rubber Blends

Blends of nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) with butadiene rubber (BR) with varying ratios have been prepared. Vulcanization of prepared blends has been induced by ionizing radiation of gamma rays with varying dose up to 250 kGy. Physical properties, namely soluble fraction and swelling number have been followed up using toluene as a solvent. Mechanical properties, namely tensile strength, tensile modulus at 100% elongation and elongation at break have been followed up as a function of irradiation dose, as well as blend composition. Thermal stability of blends was studied by TGA. The result indicated that the addition of NBR has improved the properties of NBR/BR blends. Also, NBR/BR blend is thermally stable than BR alone.     

Blending of Natural Rubber/Recycled Ethylene-Propylene-diene Rubber: Promoting the Interfacial Adhesion Between Phases by Natural Rubber Latex

This article deals with blends based on natural rubber (NR) and recycled ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (R-EPDM). Natural rubber latex (NRL) was introduced into the blends to enhance interfacial adhesion between NR and R-EPDM. A new route of compounding was also suggested. The blends were prepared by mixing R-EPDM and other additives in NRL before blending with natural rubber on a two-roll mill. By applying this method, the homogeneity of the blends and cross-linking distribution are significantly improved. The blends exhibited superior state of cure, swelling resistance, mechanical properties and dynamic mechanical properties. The degree of entanglement between NR and R-EPDM also increased after NRL modification.     

丁苯橡胶/天然橡胶复合体系动态力学性能

生热;动态力学损耗;丁苯橡胶/天然橡胶复合体系动态力学性能     

硅橡胶/氟橡胶并用胶的制备及力学性能

硅橡胶和氟橡胶作为国防、航天等重要领域的耐热材料一直被人们青睐,但其有着各自地优缺点且价格昂贵,本文尝试将这两种橡胶制成并用胶以解决氟橡胶不耐低温和加工性差的问题,以期增大其使用温度范围。采用机械共混法制备硅橡胶/氟橡胶并用胶,研究了硅橡胶和氟橡胶的混炼工艺、并用比、共硫化体系和硫化条件对并用胶力学性能的影响。结果表明,当硅橡胶/氟橡胶的质量比为10∶90,共硫化体系为3~#硫化剂/过氧化二异丙苯(DCP),一段硫化温度为170℃、硫化压力为10MPa、硫化时间为30min,二段硫化温度为200℃、硫化时间为6h时,并用胶的力学性能达到最好。     

Thermo-Mechanical Performance of Natural Rubber/Recycled Ethylene-Propylene-Diene Rubber Blends in the Presence of ZnO Nanoparticles

In the present study, recycled ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (R-EPDM) was used in an attempt to create a value-added natural rubber (NR) material based on NR/R-EPDM blends. ZnO nanoparticles were also incorporated in a way to replace the conventional ZnO together with special attention to improve the thermo-mechanical performance of the blends. Polyhedral and spherical shapes of ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized, and they were found to have no impurities, with a dimension ranging from 10 to 40 nm. ZnO nanoparticles not only act as a curing activator but also improve the thermal stability and dynamic mechanical properties of the blends.     

超高效液相色谱法测定橡胶中6种橡胶助剂的含量

取条状橡胶样品(厚约2mm,宽约1mm)1.000g,加入体积比为6∶1的乙腈-二氯甲烷混合溶液50mL,超声提取60min,所得溶液经0.45μm滤膜过滤,滤液用于超高效液相色谱法分析。用ZORBAX Eclipse XDB-C18色谱柱(4.6mm×100mm,1.8μm)为固定相,以体积比为40∶60的乙腈-pH 4.0的12.5mmol·L^-1磷酸二氢钠混合溶液为流动相进行等度洗脱,使所测定的6种橡胶助剂得以分离,对6种橡胶助剂在不同波长处进行紫外检测,防老剂6PPD[N-(1,3-二甲基)丁基-N′-苯基对苯二胺]的检测波长为290nm,防焦剂CTP(N-环己基硫代邻苯二甲酰亚胺)和其他4种硫化促进剂[TBBS(N-叔丁基-2-苯并噻唑次磺酰胺)、MBTS(2,2-二硫化二苯并噻唑)、CBS(N-环己基-2-苯并噻唑次磺酰胺)、DCBS(N,N-二环己基-2-苯并噻唑次磺酰胺)]的检测波长均为226nm。6种橡胶助剂的标准曲线的线性范围均为5.0~500.0mg·L^-1,其检出限(3S/N)为0.3~2.5mg·L^-1。按标准加入法进行回收试验,测得回收率为82.8%~107%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=5)均小于5.0%。     

Properties of Natural Rubber/Recycled Chloroprene Rubber Blend: Effects of Blend Ratio and Matrix

The present study investigated the effects of two types of natural rubber and different blend ratios on the cure, tensile properties and morphology of natural rubber/recycled chloroprene rubber blends. The blends of natural rubber/recycled chloroprene rubber were prepared by using laboratory two-roll mill. The result showed that the cure time prolonged with the addition of recycled chloroprene rubber (rCR). Comparability, natural rubber/recycled chloroprene rubber (SMR L/rCR) blendcured rapidly than epoxidized natural rubber/recycled chloroprene rubber (ENR 50/rCR) blend. The addition of rCRalso caused a decrement in the tensile strength and elongation at break for both rubber blends. The SMR L/rCR blendsshowed higher tensile strength and elongation at break compared to those of ENR 50/rCR blends at any blend ratios.     

改性合成橡胶在轮胎工业中的应用

介绍了几种合成橡胶的改性在轮胎工业中的应用现状。为了提高轮胎的综合行驶性能 ,近年来国外开发出了性能良好的溶聚丁苯、Nd系顺丁、乙烯基顺丁、3,4-异戊胶、卤化丁基胶、苯乙烯 -异戊二烯 -丁二烯橡胶、星型支化丁基胶及溴化三元乙丙胶等一系列改性合成橡胶新品种     

Simultaneous Enhancement of Mechanical and Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Natural Rubber/Recycled Ethylene-Propylene-Diene Rubber Blends by Electron Beam Irradiation

Mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties of natural rubber/recycled ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (NR/R-EPDM) blends were simultanoeusly enhanced by electron beam (EB) irradiation. The cross-linking promoter, trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA), was also introduced into the blends to induce the cross-linking. By applying EB irradiation, the tensile modulus, hardness, swelling, cross-link density, and storage modulus increased with increase in the irradiation dose; an irradiation dose of 50 kGy was efficient to gain optimum tensile strength. The formation of irradiation-induced cross-links after EB irradiation is a major concern for the enhancement of mechanical, swelling resistance, and dynamic mechanical properties of the blends.