我国氯碱工业现状及“十五”规划发展建议

叙述了我国氯碱工业的现状,分析了氯与烧碱消费需求状况,并对我国氯碱工业“十五”规划发展提出建议。     

华东地区氯碱行业现状及发展情况分析

对华东地区的氯碱生产状况与发展形势进行了分析。作者认为:氯碱工业是重要的基本化工原料工业,也是高耗能工业,华东地区正处于经济结构调整和发展的关键时期,氯碱生产规模必须与区域内相关产业的发展相协调。企业的投资决策一定要遵循科学发展的要求,重视可行性研究分析,不应出现一哄而上的局面。一些规划建设氯碱项目的企业应该认真进行竞争力分析,慎重决策。     

我国氯碱行业结构调整方向及机会分析

分析我国氯碱工业生产能力发展、产品供求关系、产业布局、产业集中度及氯产品发展状况。讨论了国内氯碱行业结构调整方向、产业发展任务、产业发展目标等。建议严控新增产能,明确"僵尸企业"标准,淘汰落后产能;加强高附加值新产品研发等。     

对振兴氯碱工业若干问题的探讨与建议

本文概述了氯碱工业现状，包括能力，产量，进出口量，产品品种，工业布局，技术及装备水平，环境保护等项内容；对氯碱产品需求状况和消费领域进行了现状说明，对氯碱工业发展趋势进行了预测，并提出十条政策性建议。     

我国氯碱行业状况及其发展展望

简要介绍了国内氯碱行业现状,对2002年全国氯碱行业生产情况和市场状况进行了回顾,综述了2003年l-5月份我国氯碱产需情况及行业发展概况,并对今年氯碱行业形势及“十五”后期我国氯碱行业发展趋势进行了分析与展望。     

进一步加快甘肃省氯碱工业发展

阐述了氯碱工业在国民经济中的重要作用，分析了我国和甘肃省氯碱工业的现状，指出了进一步加快甘肃省氯碱工业发展的重要性及发展优势和方向。     

陶瓷阀在氯碱工业中的应用研讨

介绍了氯碱生产过程中几种介质的特点及工况,通过对生产过程及现场常用阀门使用状况的分析,对陶瓷材质的特点及发展前景进行分析,并研究了讨论陶瓷材质阀门在氯碱工业中的应用。     

我国氯碱化工高质量发展路径分析

从我国政府对石化化工行业未来高质量发展的政策要求出发,明确了未来我国氯碱化工高质量发展的路径,即:发展理念上寻求突破、技术攻关上寻求突破、协同模式上寻求突破;并将我国氯碱化工产业与全球氯碱发展进行了对标式分析;提出了我国氯碱化工行业发展有待突破的核心瓶颈和未来我国氯碱化工行业高质量发展的重点任务。     

河南氯碱下游产业链差异化发展思路

分析了氯碱工业面临的严峻形势,提出氯碱工业下游差异化发展思路。描述了河南煤业化工集团在氯碱产业发展上的探索和实践内容。     

河南氯碱工业生产现状及发展分析

介绍了河南省氯碱工业的生产现状、市场状况,重点分析了目前河南省氯碱工业技术发展的特点及存在的问题。     

Sapindaceae,cyanolipids, and bugs

Scentless plant bugs (Heteroptera: Rhopalidae) are so named because adults of the Serinethinae have vestigial metathoracic scent glands. Serinethines are seed predators of Sapindales, especially Sapindaceae that produce toxic cyanolipids. In two serinethine species whose ranges extend into the southern United States,Jadera haematoloma andJ. sanguinolenta, sequestration of host cyanolipids as glucosides renders these gregarious, aposematic insects unpalatable to a variety of predators. The blood glucoside profile and cyanogenesis ofJadera varies depending on the cyanolipid chemistry of hosts, and adults and larvae fed golden rain tree seeds (Koelreuteria paniculata) excrete the volatile lactone, 4-methyl-2(5H)-furanone, to which they are attracted.Jadera fed balloon vine seeds (Cardiospermum spp.) do not excrete the attractive lactone. Loss of the usual heteropteran defensive glands in serinethines may have coevolved with host specificity on toxic plants, and the orientation ofJadera to a volatile excretory product could be an adaptive response to save time.Mention of a commercial product does not consititute an endorsement by the USDA.     

2008～2009年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2008年7月～2009年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2008～2009年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况。按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、环氧树脂、不饱和聚酯树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍。     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.