脂联素与多囊卵巢综合征高胰岛素血症的相关性研究

目的探讨多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者血清脂联素水平与高胰岛素血症(HI)的关系。方法将2003年12月至2004年6月郑州大学第三附属医院确诊的40例PCOS患者,根据空腹血胰岛素水平将其分为PCOS-HI组(INS>15mU/L)22例,PCOS非HI组(INS≤15mU/L)18例,并选择25例健康者为对照组。采用酶联免疫吸附法测定3组空腹血脂联素水平,化学发光法测定胰岛素、性激素,葡萄糖氧化酶法测定血糖。计算3组胰岛素敏感指数(ISI),评价胰岛素抵抗程度。结果PCOS-HI组血清脂联素水平(1.80±0.48)mg/L,PCOS非HI组(2.79±0.50)mg/L,明显低于对照组的(3.94±0.66)mg/L,且PCOS-HI组低于非HI组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。PCOS-HI组ISI(-4.41±0.32),PCOS非HI组(-3.97±0.40),明显低于对照组的(-3.21±0.43),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。PCOS-HI组空腹胰岛水平(19.88±5.62)mU/L,PCOS非HI组(10.63±4.50)mU/L,明显高于对照组的(8.03±3.98)mU/L,且PCOS-HI组高于非HI组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。PCOS-HI组空腹血糖(5.24±0.58)mmol/L,PCOS非HI组(5.10±0.62)mmol/L,对照组(5.07±0.59)mmol/L,3组比较差异无显著性意义。PCOS患者血清脂联素水平与INS呈显著负相关,与ISI呈正相关。结论PCOS患者血清脂联素水平降低与INS呈显著负相关,提示脂联素影响PCOS-HI的发生和发展。     

脂联素与胰岛素抵抗和多囊卵巢综合征

脂联素是新近发现的脂肪特异性蛋白，具有抗炎，增加胰岛素敏感性，抗动脉硬化等效应．与多种代谢性疾病的发生、发展有关。多项研究证实，肥胖人群和2型糖尿病患者体内血浆脂联素水平降低。多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）是常见的妇科内分泌和代谢紊乱疾病，胰岛素抵抗和高雄激素血症是其重要的病理生理变化。与正常女性相比，PCOS患者发展为2型糖尿病的风险较高。而研究PCOS患者体内脂联素水平，分析该主要决定因素．阐明脂联素与IR和PCOS的关系，可能对PCOS病因分析、诊断、治疗提供新的靶点和途径。     

脂联素与胰岛素抵抗和多囊卵巢综合征

脂联素是新近发现的脂肪特异性蛋白,具有抗炎,增加胰岛素敏感性,抗动脉硬化等效应,与多种代谢性疾病的发生、发展有关.多项研究证实,肥胖人群和2型糖尿病患者体内血浆脂联素水平降低.多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)是常见的妇科内分泌和代谢紊乱疾病,胰岛素抵抗和高雄激素血症是其重要的病理生理变化.与正常女性相比,PCOS患者发展为2型糖尿病的风险较高.而研究PCOS患者体内脂联素水平,分析该主要决定因素,阐明脂联素与IR和PCOS的关系,可能对PCOS病因分析、诊断、治疗提供新的靶点和途径.     

多囊卵巢综合征患者血清脂联素水平及与胰岛素抵抗相关性的研究

目的:检测多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者血清脂联素(APN)水平,探讨APN与胰岛素抵抗(IR)的相关性。方法:研究对象于月经周期第3~5天行75g糖耐量实验(OGTT实验),分别测定0h、1h、2h的血糖(FPG、PG1h、PG2h)、胰岛素(FINS、INS1h、INS2h)和脂联素(FAPN、APN1h、APN2h)。PCOS患者给予达英-353个周期联合二甲双胍治疗3个月后复查上述指标,比较治疗前后的变化。结果:(1)PCOS组与对照组均表现为肥胖组APN水平低于非肥胖组,且PCOS组中肥胖组与非肥胖组的APN水平均低于对照组(P<0.05);(2)PCOS组中肥胖组与非肥胖组的FINS、INS1h、INS2h、AUCins及HOMA-IR均高于对照组,且肥胖PCOS组高于非肥胖PCOS组(P<0.05);(3)PCOS组经二甲双胍联合达英-35治疗后FINS、INS1h、INS2h、AUCins、HOMA-IR均降低(P<0.05),而APN水平明显升高;(4)相关性分析表明,PCOS患者APN水平与FINS、INS1h、INS2h、FPG、AUCins、HOMA-IR和BMI均呈负相关。多元逐步回归分析显示,APN与FINS、HOMA-IR的相关性最显著。结论:PCOS患者APN水平显著降低与IR密切相关。     

子痫前期血清脂联素水平变化与胰岛素抵抗的关系

目的 探讨子痫前期患者血清脂联素水平变化及其与胰岛素抵抗的关系.方法 选取2006年1月至2008年10月于解放军第202医院妇产科住院分娩的子痫前期患者110例为研究时象,其中轻度子痫前期患者58例,重度子痫前期患者52例,另取68例正常孕妇作为对照组.采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELIsA)测定各组孕妇血清脂联素水平,同时测定各组孕妇空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素水平,并计算胰岛素抵抗指数,以评价胰岛素抵抗程度.结果 轻度子痫前期患者脂联素水平(15.59±2.42)mg/L明显高于对照组(11.52±1.27)mg/L(P<0.05),重度子痫前期患者脂联素水平(20.47±3.09mg/L)明显高于对照组及轻度子痫前期组(P<0.01).空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素水平及胰岛素抵抗指数在各组之间无统计学意义(P>0.05).在子痫前期患者中血清脂联素水平与空腹胰岛素水平及胰岛素抵抗指数显著负相关(r值分别为-0.628,-0.389,P值分别为0.002,0.009).结论 脂联素可能参与了子痫前期的发生、发展过程,脂联素可能成为反映胰岛素抵抗严重程度的指标.     

妊娠期糖尿病血清脂联素与胰岛素抵抗和分泌的相关性研究

目的　探讨不同糖耐量孕妇血清脂联素与胰岛素抵抗和胰岛 β细胞分泌功能的关系。 方法　 2 0 0 3年1月至 2 0 0 4年 1月广东省妇幼保健院和佛山市妇幼保健院采用稳态模型评估法 (HOMA)分别评估正常糖耐量孕妇 (NGT)、糖耐量减低孕妇 (GIGT)和妊娠期糖尿病患者 (GDM)的胰岛素抵抗指数 (HOMA IR)和胰岛 β细胞功能指数 (HBCI) ;利用放免法检测三组孕妇的血清脂联素水平。结果　 (1)GDM组HOMA IR显著高于GIGT组 (P <0 0 5 )和NGT组 (P <0 0 0 1) ,三组的HBCI则差异无显著性。 (2 )血清脂联素水平由NGT、GIGI到GDM呈逐步下降态势 (P <0 0 0 1) ;多元回归分析提示HOMA IR、孕晚期体重、孕晚期BMI是影响血清脂联素水平的最显著因素(r2 =0 4 84 ,P <0 0 0 1)。结论　GDM和GIGT患者血清脂联素显著降低 ,并以GDM降低最为明显 ;其脂联素水平的改变与胰岛素敏感性高度相关。     

妊娠期糖尿病脂联素水平与胰岛素抵抗

脂联素（adiponectin）是近年来发现的新型脂肪激素，由脂肪细胞特异性分泌。脂联素是一种血清含量相对丰富的蛋白，约占血清总蛋白的0．01％，其基因位于染色体3q27，包括分子量从18～4277bp的三种外显子和大小为0．8bp和12bp两个内含子，基因全长17kb。目前研究表明，脂联素具有影响葡萄糖转运，增强胰岛素敏感性、抗血管炎症反应等多种重要的生物学作用，目前已成为国际上研究的热点。     

性早熟女童糖脂代谢与脂联素的关系

目的分析中枢性性早熟(CPP)女童糖脂代谢的特点及脂联素在性早熟女童糖、脂代谢中的作用。 方法浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院于2004年6~10月收治50例CPP女童，测量空腹血糖、胰岛素、甘油三酯、胆固醇、脂联素，并做葡萄糖耐量试验和胰岛素释放试验，采用总体胰岛素敏感指数(WBISI)、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA IR)这2个指标来评估胰岛素敏感性和胰岛β细胞功能。并与年龄匹配的正常对照组进行比较。 结果(1)CPP女童空腹胰岛素、HOMA IR明显高于正常对照组(P<0.01)。(2)CPP女童A1组胆固醇较正常对照组明显升高(P<0.05)。(3)CPP女童体重指数(BMI)值均较正常对照组明显升高(P<0.05)。其中超重16%(8/50)，肥胖8%(4/50)。(4)CPP女童脂联素均较正常对照组明显下降(P<0.01)。(5)CPP女童BMI值与WBISI显著负相关(r=-0.31,P<0.05)，与HOMA IR显著正相关(r=0.30,P<0.05),与脂联素显著负相关(r=-0.43,P<0.01)。CPP女童脂联素与WBISI显著正相关(r=0.29,P<0.05),多元回归分析显示CPP女童脂联素与WBISI、HOMA IR无显著相关性。(6)排除12例超重加肥胖CPP女童后再分析显示A1、A2组女童空腹胰岛素、HOMA IR仍明显高于正常对照组(P<0.01),而脂联素水平3组差异无显著性。 结论(1)CPP女童存在不同程度的胰岛素抵抗，尤见于BMI值明显升高的性早熟女童。(2)肥胖或超重的性早熟女童胰岛素抵抗可能与脂联素水平下降有关。     

脂联素与子痫前期

脂联素是由脂肪细胞分泌的脂肪细胞因子,对糖脂代谢有重要影响,可增加胰岛素敏感性,具有抗炎和抗动脉粥样硬化作用.脂联素浓度随妊娠进程下降,而子痫前期脂联素浓度变化目前还有分歧,随研究深入将最终阐明脂联素与子痈前期的相关性及其作用机制.     

脂联素与子痫前期

脂联素是由脂肪细胞分泌的脂肪细胞因子,对糖脂代谢有重要影响,可增加胰岛素敏感性,具有抗炎和抗动脉粥样硬化作用。脂联素浓度随妊娠进程下降,而子痫前期脂联素浓度变化目前还有分歧,随研究深入将最终阐明脂联素与子痫前期的相关性及其作用机制。     

脂联素和胰岛素与胎儿生长的关系

目的:探讨脂联素,胰岛素与胎儿生长发育的关系。方法:选取21例分娩生长受限胎儿(FGR组)、21例分娩巨大儿(巨大儿组)及21例分娩正常儿(对照组)的产妇,抽取3组产妇分娩后肘静脉血及其新生儿脐静脉血.分离血清。采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附法和放射免疫法测定3组产妇血清及新生儿脐静脉血清中脂联素和胰岛素的水平。结果:FGR组产妇血清脂联素水平明显低于对照组及巨大儿组(P<0.01);FGR组新生儿脐血清脂联素水平明显低于对照组及巨大儿组(P<0.05);3组产妇血清中脂联素水平均明显低于新生儿脐血清中脂联素水平(P<0.01)。FGR组胎盘重量明显低于对照组及巨大儿组(P<0.01);3组产妇血清及新生儿脐血血清中胰岛素水平差异无显著性(P>0.05)。3组产妇血清脂联素水平与胰岛素水平无相关(P>0.05);3组新生儿脐血清脂联素水平与胰岛素水平呈明显负相关性(P<0.05);3组产妇血清脂联素水平与新生儿脂联素水平无相关(P>0.05);3组产妇血清胰岛素水平和新生儿脐血胰岛素水平无相关性(P>0.05)。3组新生儿脐血清脂联素水平与新生儿出生体重、胎盘重量、新生儿头围、身长、体重/身长比呈明显正相关关系(P<0.05);3组新生儿脐血清胰岛素水平、产妇血清脂联素水平、产妇血清胰岛素水平与新生儿出生体重、胎盘重量、头围、身长、体重/身长比均无相关性。结论:脐血中的脂联素、胰岛素在胎儿宫内生长和发育过程中可能起重要的调节作用,可作为评价胎儿生长发育及体内脂肪储备状态的临床指标之一。胎儿自身分泌的脂联素与胎儿生长关系密切。     

二甲双胍对高胰岛素血症肥胖儿童糖代谢和血清脂源性激素的影响

目的观察二甲双胍治疗对高胰岛素血症肥胖患儿血清脂源性激素脂联素、抵抗素、瘦素水平的影响。 方法2004 01—2005 02将武汉市儿童医院和同济医院54例高胰岛素血症肥胖患儿分为轻、中度肥胖组及重度肥胖组,均以二甲双胍治疗12周，测量治疗前后体重、空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素及脂源性激素脂联素、瘦素、抵抗素的变化。 结果治疗前轻、中度肥胖组和重度肥胖组高胰岛素血症患儿空腹血糖水平与健康对照组比较差异无显著性(P>0.05)，血清胰岛素、瘦素、抵抗素及胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA IR)均高于健康对照组(P<0.01)，脂联素水平明显低于健康对照组(P<0.01)。二甲双胍治疗12周后与治疗前相比,血清胰岛素水平、胰岛素抵抗指数明显降低(P<0.01)，轻、中度肥胖组及重度肥胖组血清瘦素水平分别由治疗前的(24.3±1.8)μg/L、(30.2±5.1)μg/L降低为治疗后的(19.6±6.3)μg/L、(24.7±5.3)μg/L，差异有统计学意义；抵抗素水平分别由治疗前的(16.5±6.0)μg/L、(22.3±5.2)μg/L升高为(22.0±5.1)μg/L、(30.6±11.7)μg/L，差异有统计学意义；轻、中度肥胖组和重度肥胖组血清脂联素水平治疗前分别为(8.4±3.2)mg/L、(6.5±1.2)mg/L，治疗后分别为(8.9±2.3)mg/L、(7.03±3.0)mg/L，治疗前后相比,P>0.05。体重指数(BMI)下降,但差异无显著性。 结论二甲双胍能显著改善肥胖患儿胰岛素抵抗。降低血清瘦素水平可能是其改善胰岛素抵抗机制之一，但在对脂源性激素脂联素、抵抗素水平的改善上，有其局限性。     

多囊卵巢综合征患者血清脂联素水平与胰岛素抵抗关系的研究

目的探讨多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者血清脂联素(APN)水平与胰岛素抵抗的关系。方法采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定40例PCOS患者[PCOS组,根据体重指数(BMI)分为肥胖者(BMI≥25kg/m2)19例,非肥胖者(BMI<25kg/m2)21例]及15例健康志愿者和10例非PCOS不孕患者(对照组,其中肥胖者9例,非肥胖者16例)的APN水平,化学发光法、葡萄糖氧化酶法、放射免疫法分别测定空腹胰岛素、空腹血糖、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)水平。计算两组患者胰岛素敏感指数(ISI),评价胰岛素抵抗程度。结果(1)PCOS组肥胖者APN水平为(1·6±0·5)mg/L,PCOS组非肥胖者为(3·0±0·6)mg/L,对照组肥胖者为(3·2±0·3)mg/L,非肥胖者为(4·9±0·5)mg/L,两组分别比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0·05)。(2)PCOS组肥胖者胰岛素水平为(17±6)mU/L,非肥胖者为(14±6)mU/L,对照组肥胖者为(10±3)mU/L,非肥胖者为(7±3)mU/L,两组分别比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0·05)。(3)PCOS组肥胖者空腹血糖为(5·2±0·7)mmol/L,非肥胖者为(5·1±0·6)mmol/L,对照组肥胖者为(5·4±0·5)mmol/L,非肥胖者为(4·8±0·6)mmol/L,两组分别比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0·05)。(4)PCOS组肥胖者TNF-α水平为(1·32±0·14)μg/L,非肥胖者为(1·02±0·12)μg/L,对照组肥胖者为(0·93±0·15)μg/L,非肥胖者为(0·63±0·18)μg/L,两组分别比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0·05)。(5)PCOS组肥胖者ISI为-4·5±0·3,非肥胖者为-4·1±0·4,对照组肥胖者为-3·6±0·3,非肥胖者为-3·1±0·4,两组分别比较,差异也有统计学意义(P<0·05)。PCOS组患者APN水平与BMI呈显著负相关关系(r=-0·56,P<0·05),与ISI呈显著正相关关系(r=0·49,P<0·05)。结论PCOS患者APN水平降低,并以PCOS肥胖者降低更明显;PCOS患者APN水平下降与胰岛素敏感性及胰岛素抵抗相关。     

Serum adiponectin and resistin in relation to insulin resistance and markers of hyperandrogenism in lean and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Objectives

It seems that adipokines participate in disturbances of the function of the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary axis. The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between plasma adiponectin and resistin levels and insulin resistance and markers of hyperandrogenism in lean and obese PCOS women.

Study design

Forty-one women with PCOS (22 lean and 19 obese) and 16 healthy lean women were enrolled. Body mass and height were measured and body mass index was calculated. In addition to serum glucose, lipids, androgens and insulin, adiponectin and resistin concentration were assessed in the fasting state. The insulin resistance was calculated based on the HOMA-IR.

Results

Similar serum resistin concentrations were found in both PCOS subgroups and controls. The obese PCOS subgroup was characterized by the lowest serum adiponectin level (10.8 ± 8.3, compared with 21.0 ± 15.1 in the normal weight PCOS subgroup and 26.7 ± 12.5 μg/ml in controls). There were no correlations between resistin and adiponectin levels and HOMA-IR values and serum androgen concentrations. Significant positive correlations between adiponectin to resistin ratio and plasma FSH (r = 0.49; p = 0.001) and LH (r = 0.45; p = 0.003) concentrations, and a negative correlation with free androgen index (r = −0.34; p = 0.03) in PCOS group were found.

Conclusions

Obese but not normal weight PCOS women have lower adiponectin levels whereas resistin concentration did not differ in normal weight and obese PCOS compared to control subjects. We hypothesize that changes of the relative proportion of adiponectin to resistin, but not circulating adiponectin and resistin levels themselves, may play a role in hormonal disturbances but not in insulin resistance in PCOS.     

Polycystic ovarian syndrome, insulin resistance and thickness of the endometrium

INTRODUCTION: Disorders possibly associated with insulin resistance (IR) are hyperandrogenemia, hirsutism, irregular menstrual cycles, central obesity and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). It is known that PCOS is related to a high risk of endometrial hyperplasia after many years of estrogen stimulation from anovulation. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the study was to estimate the thickness of the endometrium in women with IR without a diagnosis of PCOS and in women with PCOS without IR. STUDY DESIGN: Three groups of women included in the study: 15 women diagnosed as IR without PCOS, 16 women diagnosed as PCOS without IR and 20 women used as controls matched for age and body mass index (BMI) with the previous patients. Thickness of the endometrium was estimated in all cases with a transvaginal ultrasound in three consecutive measures during a cycle. RESULTS: The mean thickness of the endometrium was statistically higher in the PCOS group (11.1mm), and in the IR group (9.6mm), compared with the control group (6.2mm) (F=13.1, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that both in women diagnosed as having insulin resistance without PCOS, and in women with PCOS without insulin resistance, the ultrasonographically estimated thickness of the endometrium is relatively high and a closer follow-up of these women is required in order to detect those in risk to develop hyperplasia and/or atypia.     

The insulin resistant subphenotype of polycystic ovary syndrome: clinical parameters and pathogenesis

Objective

This study was undertaken to compare clinical and biochemical characteristics of the insulin resistant (IR) and non-IR subphenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Study design

Infertile PCOS women were classified as IR (n = 32) or non-IR (n = 46) on the basis of fasting glucose and insulin levels. The incidence of acanthosis nigricans (AN), hirsutism, and ovulation in response to clomiphene citrate (CC) was compared between the 2 groups, along with serum levels of gonadotropins, and sex steroids. Blood samples from 28 PCOS patients and 8 controls were analyzed by enzymatic immunoassay for autophosphorylated insulin receptor (APIR) and total insulin receptor (TIR) content.

Results

Insulin resistance was associated with obesity (odds ratio [OR] = 3.5, P < .05), AN (OR = 6.0, P < .05), hirsutism (OR = 3.1, P < .05), and resistance to CC (OR = 5.0, P < .05). Mean levels of LH, LH/FSH ratios, and testosterone were lower in women with IR (11.5 ± 6.8 mIU/mL, 2.0 ± 1.0, and 56.6 ± 29.0 ng/dL, respectively) compared with women without IR (15.0 ± 13.4 mIU/mL, 2.4 ± 1.5, and 72.5 ± 29.8 ng/dL, respectively) (P < .05). Mean APIR/TIR ratios in IR women were lower than in non-IR women (P < .05 at 100 nmol/L of insulin) and controls (P < .01 at 1, 10 and 100 nmol/L insulin).

Conclusion

Patients with IR are more likely to be obese and have AN, hirsutism, resistance to CC, and lower LH, LH/FSH ratios, and testosterone levels. Furthermore, IR patients appear to have defective autophosphorylation of the insulin receptor, a key element in insulin action, and a possible mechanism for IR in PCOS.