嵌入式软件可靠性测试系统及其通信研究

传统的嵌入式软件测试系统，不论是单机结构还是分布式结构，在长时间大规模的嵌入式软件可靠性测试时，都在数据传输方面存在相应问题。本文针对嵌入式软件可靠性测试对数据通信的实时性、延迟确定性要求，结合在国防、通信、航天、工业控制等领域广泛应用的交换式以太网技术，介绍了一种星型拓扑嵌入式软件测试系统原型。     

工业过程控制系统组态软件开发及其应用

本文介绍了一种用于ＰＣ总线工业控制机的控制系统组态软件设计与应用，重点讨论了它的结构、功能和特点。该组态软件采用表格驱动方式，无需编程即可构成不同规模的控制系统。其功能丰富、操作简单、实用性强，适用于各种中小规模工业过程的计算机控制。     

软件执行过程的加权复杂网络

软件规模庞大,结构复杂,使软件测试和软件可信性评价成为一个亟待解决的理论问题,可信软件研究也因此成为目前软件工程研究的热点。实验证明大型软件的静态函数调用网络和动态执行所得到的函数调用加权（函数调用次数）网络都具有小世界效应和无标度特性,这就为采用基于关键模块和关键路径的软件测试方法提供了理论依据,从而提高测试效率,降低测试费用。提出基于关键路径的测试方法,利用较少的测试用例覆盖较多的软件执行过程。     

Proxies: A software structure for accommodating heterogeneity

Handling heterogeneity in computer systems without decreasing user productivity and without increasing development costs demands special software structures. This paper presents a flexible software structure that has been used to construct heterogeneous remote procedure call, naming, electronic mail, filing and remote computation services. This structure captures the heterogeneous aspects of a service in a set of abstract interfaces. Clients of the service are built in terms of the abstract interfaces, but one of multiple implementations of those interfaces, called proxies, is dynamically selected to satisfy the demands of heterogeneity.     

一个可扩展的OO构件模型的设计

基于构件的软件开发模式是大规模软件复用的一条切实可行的途径。近二十年来面向对象技术的迅速发展为这种开发模式提供了必要的技术支持。从软件设计范型的角度出发可以将构件分为OO构件和非OO构件两类,本文针对OO构件提出了一个简明的OO构件模型和OO构件描述语言,能够描述OO方法学中一些最常用的软件形态,为OO构件的制作、检索和组装提供一种易于实现的基础支持。     

大体积混凝土结构施工应力分析的有限单元法及其软件

大型结构工程软件包TCA是我国七五攻关项目,特别适用于大体积混凝土结构工程,在施工过程中可变计算域的温度、应力分析的仿真计算。本文简要地介绍了TCA软件应用有限单元法解决弹性徐变体计算的初应变法和软件的基本特点与结构,并给出了应用实例。     

Stepwise improvement of the software-process in a multidimensional framework

Software process models, irrespective of whether they are life cycle oriented or not, focus strictly on the activity domain within a single project. This focus is heavily challenged by COSMOS, a multidimensional software process model. In addition to the activity structure, it takes into account also the communication- and infrastructure in which software development takes place. This three-dimensional framework meets special challenges due to incorporating software reuse and object orientedness into large scale software production and it allows for adequate planning of various activities controlling software development which are not directly attributable to a specific project, but which might run in parallel to a host of projects.This paper reports on investigations concerning the mapping of this multidimensional software development model on a software process maturity scale, analog to the one proposed by Humphrey (1989).     

Data metastructures

When implementing large programs, it sometimes happens that the sheer size of the problem makes it difficult to apply recommended techniques for program designs. One example of this occurs when the size and complexity of a single data structure become great. It is naturally desirable that the details of the structure remain hidden from those modules which access it. For simple data structures this poses no problem since the data structure can be maintained by a separate data structure executive (effectively a cluster or class) which is the only module concerned with the physical details of the structure. However, for data structures which require very large executive procedures for maintenance and complex data declarations, it is necessary to partition the structure into substructures, each maintained by a separate module. If this is done in a straightforward manner, it will not be possible for other program modules to access properly parts of the structure unless that module can ‘see’ the various relationships of the substructures. Data metastructures are devices which, when properly employed, allow access to all parts of a partitioned data structure without the accessing module being aware of the partition.     

软件可靠性评估中 UML 应用

在开放环境下,软件规模日趋扩大,结构更加多元化,传统的基于状态的软件可靠性评估方法,状态空间膨胀增加了计算复杂度,而且不能对多种典型的系统结构进行很好的描述。为此,对传统的方法进行了改进,用UML的用例图分解系统,序列图描述子系统,并都作为软件可靠性分析的输入,通过自底向上的方法评估软件的可靠性,符合当前大规模复杂结构的软件系统可靠性评估。     

大型结构并行有限元分析软件研究

有限元分析在很多领域得到了应用,但其较大的计算规模对使用造成了限制,对复杂对象的分析难以在单台计算机上完成。提出并实现了一种并行化有限元软件的开发模式,在保留成熟的商业性有限元分析软件各种优点的情况下对关键计算进行了并行化开发,以较少投入成功实现了应用于大型结构分析的并行有限元分析系统。完成了数据在分布存储计算环境下的有效存储、高效的大型稀疏矩阵的并行算法,通过试验验证系统有良好的分析精度和扩展性。