90nm pMOSFET脱耦等离子体制备氮氧化硅的负偏压温度失稳性(英文)

MOSFET器件继续微缩则闸极氧化层厚度将持续减小,在0.13μm的技术闸极二氧化硅的厚度必须小于2nm,然而如此薄的氧化层直接穿透电流造成了明显的漏电流。为了降低漏电流,二氧化硅导入高浓度的氮如脱耦等离子体氮化制备氮氧化硅受到高度重视。然而,脱耦等离子体氮化制备氮氧化硅的一项顾虑是pMOSFET负偏压温度的失稳性。在此研究里测量了脱耦等离子体氮化制备氮氧化硅pMOSFET负偏压温度失稳性,并且和传统的二氧化硅闸电极比较,厚度1.5nm的脱耦等离子体氮化制备氮氧化硅pMOSFET和厚度1.3nm的二氧化硅pMOSFET经过125℃和10.7MVcm的电场1h的应力下比较阈值电压,结果显示脱耦等离子体氮化制备氮氧化硅pMOSFET在负偏压温度应力下性能较差。在15%阈值电压改变的标准下,延长10年的寿命,其最大工作电压是1.16V,可以符合90nm工艺1V特操作电压的安全范围内。     

基于DCIV法对pMOSFET热载流子损伤的研究

利用新型的直流电流电压(DCIV)法研究了热载流子应力下的亚微米pMOSFET的氧化层陷阱电荷和表面态产生行为,并对热载流子应力下pMOSFET的阈值电压和线性区漏端电流的退化机制做出了物理解释.实验发现在栅极电压较高的热载流子应力条件下,热载流子引发表面态密度随时间变化的两个阶段:第一阶段,电负性的氧化层陷阱电荷起主导作用,使线性区漏端电流随时间增加;第二阶段,表面态逐渐起主导作用,导致线性电流随时间逐渐减小.     

热载流子应力下n-MOSFET线性漏电流的退化

研究了不同沟道和栅氧化层厚度的n-M O S器件在衬底正偏压的VG=VD/2热载流子应力下,由于衬底正偏压的不同对器件线性漏电流退化的影响。实验发现衬底正偏压对沟长0.135μm,栅氧化层厚度2.5 nm器件的线性漏电流退化的影响比沟长0.25μm,栅氧化层厚度5 nm器件更强。分析结果表明,随着器件沟长继续缩短和栅氧化层减薄,由于衬底正偏置导致的阈值电压减小、增强的寄生NPN晶体管效应、沟道热电子与碰撞电离空穴复合所产生的高能光子以及热电子直接隧穿超薄栅氧化层产生的高能光子可能打断S i-S iO2界面的弱键产生界面陷阱,加速n-M O S器件线性漏电流的退化。     

SiC VDMOS特性的影响因素分析

研究了材料、栅氧化层厚度和沟道长度对SiC VDMOS结构特性的影响.结果表明,4H-SiC器件具有更高的电流密度,因此,4H-SiC比6H-SiC更适合用于功率器件.对阈值电压和漏极电流的分析表明,在Vds＝ 0.1 V、Vgs＝15 V时,阈值电压随栅氧化层厚度的增大而线性增大,随沟道长度的增加而增大;而漏极电流密度则随栅氧化层厚度的增加而减小,随沟道长度的增加而减小.     

铝的等离子体阳极氧化研究

我们用等离子体阳极氧化的方法在铝表面生成厚度为40nm左右的氧化层,等离子体由射频辉光放电产生,阳极氧化时氧气压力为6.65Pa、两极间距离为18cm、直流偏压为35V,并测得氧化时样品温度约在100℃左右。     

截止频率53GHz的高性能0.18μm射频nMOSFET

阐述了0.18μm射频nMOSFET的制造和性能.器件采用氮化栅氧化层/多晶栅结构、轻掺杂源漏浅延伸结、倒退的沟道掺杂分布和叉指栅结构.除0.18μm的栅线条采用电子束直写技术外,其他结构均通过常规的半导体制造设备实现.按照简洁的工艺流程制备了器件,获得了优良的直流和射频性能:阈值电压0.52V,亚阈值斜率80mV/dec,漏致势垒降低因子69mV/V,截止电流0.5nA/μm,饱和驱动电流458μA/μm,饱和跨导212μS/μm(6nm氧化层,3V驱动电压)及截止频率53GHz.     

截止频率53GHz的高性能0.18μm射频nMOSFET

阐述了0.18μm射频nMOSFET的制造和性能.器件采用氮化栅氧化层/多晶栅结构、轻掺杂源漏浅延伸结、倒退的沟道掺杂分布和叉指栅结构.除0.18μm的栅线条采用电子束直写技术外,其他结构均通过常规的半导体制造设备实现.按照简洁的工艺流程制备了器件,获得了优良的直流和射频性能:阈值电压0.52V,亚阈值斜率80mV/dec,漏致势垒降低因子69mV/V,截止电流0.5nA/μm,饱和驱动电流458μA/μm,饱和跨导212μS/μm(6nm氧化层,3V驱动电压)及截止频率53GHz.     

ECR等离子体对单晶硅的低温大面积表面处理

利用电子回旋共振(ECR)微波放电等离子体对单晶硅表面进行了低温大面积氮化和氧化处理的探索,在低于80℃的温度下得到了均匀的厚度约为7 nm氮化硅和二氧化硅薄层.结合等离子体光学诊断和成分探测,分析讨论了ECR等离子处理机理.结果表明,利用这种方法可以在低温条件下在硅表面获得均匀的大面积氮化硅和二氧化硅表层.     

ECR等离子体对单晶硅的低温大面积表面处理

利用电子回旋共振 ( ECR)微波放电等离子体对单晶硅表面进行了低温大面积氮化和氧化处理的探索 ,在低于 80℃的温度下得到了均匀的厚度约为 7nm氮化硅和二氧化硅薄层 .结合等离子体光学诊断和成分探测 ,分析讨论了 ECR等离子处理机理 .结果表明 ,利用这种方法可以在低温条件下在硅表面获得均匀的大面积氮化硅和二氧化硅表层 .     

高性能70nm CMOS器件

首次在国内成功地制作了栅长为 70 nm的高性能 CMOS器件 .为了抑制 70 nm器件的短沟道效应同时提高它的驱动能力 ,采用了一些新的关键工艺技术 ,包括 3nm的氮化栅氧化介质 ,多晶硅双栅电极 ,采用重离子注入的超陡倒掺杂沟道剖面 ,锗预无定形注入加低能注入形成的超浅源漏延伸区 ,以及锗预无定形注入加特殊清洗处理制备薄的、低阻自对准硅化物等 . CMOS器件的最短的栅长 (即多晶硅栅条宽度 )只有 70 nm,其 NMOS的阈值电压、跨导和关态电流分别为 0 .2 8V、 490 m S/m和 0 .0 8n A/μm ;而 PMOS阈值电压、跨导和关态电流分别为- 0 .3V、 34 0 m S/m m和     

Mechanism of oxide thickness and temperature dependent current conduction in n+-polySi/SiO2/p-Si structures — a new analysis

The conduction mechanism of gate leakage current through thermally grown silicon dioxide (SiO₂) films on (100) p-type silicon has been investigated in detail under negative bias on the degenerately doped n-type polysilicon (n⁺-polySi) gate. The analysis utilizes the measured gate current density J_G at high oxide fields E_ox in 5.4 to 12 nm thick SiO₂ films between 25 and 300℃. The leakage current measured up to 300℃ was due to Fowler–Nordheim (FN) tunneling of electrons from the accumulated n⁺-polySi gate in conjunction with Poole Frenkel (PF) emission of trapped-electrons from the electron traps located at energy levels ranging from 0.6 to 1.12 eV (depending on the oxide thickness) below the SiO₂ conduction band (CB). It was observed that PF emission current I_PF dominates FN electron tunneling current I_FN at oxide electric fields E_ox between 6 and 10 MV/cm and throughout the temperature range studied here. Understanding of the mechanism of leakage current conduction through SiO₂ films plays a crucial role in simulation of time-dependent dielectric breakdown (TDDB) of metaloxide–semiconductor (MOS) devices and to precisely predict the normal operating field or applied gate voltage for lifetime projection of the MOS integrated circuits.     

Micro breakdown in small-area ultrathin gate oxides

The purpose of this work was to study the gate oxide leakage current in small area MOSFETs. We stressed about 300 nMOSFETs with an oxide thickness t/sub OX/=3.2 nm by using a staircase gate voltage. We detected the oxide breakdown at an early stress stage, by measuring the leakage current at low fields during the stress. The gate leakage of stressed devices is broadly distributed, but two well-defined current regimes appear, corresponding to currents larger than 1 mA or smaller than 100 pA, respectively. We focused our attention on the small current regime, which shows all the electrical characteristics typical of the soft breakdown, with the noticeable exception of the current intensity that is much smaller than usually reported in literature, being the average leakage around 40 pA at V/sub G/=+2 V. For this reason, we introduce the oxide micro breakdown. The leakage kinetics during stress, the gate-voltage characteristics of stressed devices and the breakdown statistical distributions are in agreement with the formation of a single conductive path across the oxide formed by few oxide defects. Just two positively charged traps can give rise to a gate leakage comparable to those experimentally found, as evaluated by using a new original model of double trap-assisted tunneling (D-TAT) developed ad hoc.     

High-Performance Inversion-Type Enhancement-Mode InGaAs MOSFET With Maximum Drain Current Exceeding 1 A/mm

High-performance inversion-type enhancement- mode (E-mode) n-channel In_0.65Ga_0.35As MOSFETs with atomic-layer-deposited Al₂O₃ as gate dielectric are demonstrated. A 0.4-mum gate-length MOSFET with an Al₂O₃ gate oxide thickness of 10 nm shows a gate leakage current that is less than 5 times 10^-6 A/cm² at 4.0-V gate bias, a threshold voltage of 0.4 V, a maximum drain current of 1.05 A/mm, and a transconductance of 350 mS/mm at drain voltage of 2.0 V. The maximum drain current and transconductance scale linearly from 40 mum to 0.7 mum. The peak effective mobility is ~1550 cm²/V ldr s at 0.3 MV/cm and decreases to ~650 cm²/V ldr s at 0.9 MV/cm. The obtained maximum drain current and transconductance are all record-high values in 40 years of E-mode III-V MOSFET research.     

Hf-doped and NH/sub 3/-nitrided high-K gate dielectric thin film with least drain current degradation and flatband voltage shift

A novel technique to form high-K dielectric of HfSiON by doping base oxide with Hf and nitridation with NH/sub 3/, sequentially, is proposed. The HfSiON gate dielectric demonstrates excellent device performances such as only 10% degradation of saturation drain current and almost 45 times of magnitude reduction in gate leakage compared with conventional SiO/sub 2/ gate at the approximately same equivalent oxide thickness. Additionally, negligible flatband voltage shift is achieved with this technique. Time-dependent dielectric breakdown tests indicate that the lifetime of HfSiON is longer than 10 years at V/sub dd/=2 V.     

直接隧穿应力下超薄栅氧MOS器件退化

研究了栅氧厚度为1.4nm MOS器件在恒压直接隧穿应力下器件参数退化和应力感应漏电流退化. 实验结果表明,在不同直接隧穿应力过程中,应力感应漏电流（SILC）的退化和Vth的退化均存在线性关系. 为了解释直接隧穿应力下SILC的起因,建立了一个界面陷阱和氧化层陷阱正电荷共同辅助遂穿模型.     

高k HfO2栅介质淀积后退火工艺研究

研究了淀积后退火(PDA)工艺(包括退火环境和退火温度)对高介电常数(k)HfO2栅介质MOS电容(MOSCAP)电学特性的影响.通过对比O2和N2环境中,不同退火温度下的HfO2栅介质MOSCAP的C-V曲线发现,高kHfO2栅介质在N2环境中退火时具有更大的工艺窗口.通过对HfO2栅介质MOSCAP的等效氧化层厚度(dEOT)、平带电压(Vfb)和栅极泄漏电流(Ig)等参数进一步分析发现,与O2环境相比,高kHfO2栅介质在N2环境中PDA处理时dEOT和Ig更小、Vfb相差不大,更适合纳米器件的进一步微缩.HfO2栅介质PDA处理的最佳工艺条件是在N2环境中600℃下进行.该优化条件下高kHfO2栅介质MOSCAP的dEOT=0.75 nm,Vnb=0.37 V,Ig=0.27 A/cm2,满足14或16 nm技术节点对HfO2栅介质的要求.     

Submicrometer Inversion-Type Enhancement-Mode InGaAs MOSFET With Atomic-Layer-Deposited Al2O3 as Gate Dielectric

High-performance inversion-type enhancement-mode n-channel In_0.53Ga_0.47As MOSFETs with atomic-layer-deposited (ALD) Al₂O₃ as gate dielectric are demonstrated. The ALD process on III-V compound semiconductors enables the formation of high-quality gate oxides and unpinning of Fermi level on compound semiconductors in general. A 0.5-mum gate-length MOSFET with an Al₂O₃ gate oxide thickness of 8 nm shows a gate leakage current less than 10^-4 A/cm² at 3-V gate bias, a threshold voltage of 0.25 V, a maximum drain current of 367 mA/mm, and a transconductance of 130 mS/mm at drain voltage of 2 V. The midgap interface trap density of regrown Al₂O₃ on In_0.53Ga_0.47As is ~1.4 x 10¹²/cm² ldr eV which is determined by low-and high-frequency capacitance-voltage method. The peak effective mobility is ~1100 cm² / V ldr s from dc measurement, ~2200 cm²/ V ldr s after interface trap correction, and with about a factor of two to three higher than Si universal mobility in the range of 0.5-1.0-MV/cm effective electric field.     

The effect of IrO/sub 2/--IrO/sub 2/--Hf--LaAlO/sub 3/ gate dielectric on the bias-temperature instability of 3-D GOI CMOSFETs

We have studied the bias-temperature instability of three-dimensional self-aligned metal-gate/high-/spl kappa//Germanium-on-insulator (GOI) CMOSFETs, which were integrated on underlying 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOSFETs. The devices used IrO/sub 2/--IrO/sub 2/-Hf dual gates and a high-/spl kappa/ LaAlO/sub 3/ gate dielectric, and gave an equivalent-oxide thickness (EOT) of 1.4 nm. The metal-gate/high-/spl kappa//GOI p-and n-MOSFETs displayed threshold voltage (V/sub t/) shifts of 30 and 21 mV after 10 MV/cm, 85/spl deg/C stress for 1 h, comparable with values for the control two-dimensional (2-D) metal-gate/high-/spl kappa/-Si CMOSFETs. An extrapolated maximum voltage of -1.2 and 1.4 V for a ten-year lifetime was obtained from the bias-temperature stress measurements on the GOI CMOSFETs.     

直接隧穿应力下超薄栅氧MOS器件退化

研究了栅氧厚度为1.4nm MOS器件在恒压直接隧穿应力下器件参数退化和应力感应漏电流退化.实验结果表明,在不同直接隧穿应力过程中,应力感应漏电流(SILC)的退化和Vth的退化均存在线性关系.为了解释直接隧穿应力下SILC的起因,建立了一个界面陷阱和氧化层陷阱正电荷共同辅助遂穿模型.