紫球藻的光生物反应器培养

利用光生物反应器就碳源及其供给形式、光强和反应器的操作条件等影响紫球藻生长的因素进行了研究.结果表明:反应器良好的液体循环速度有助于培养液中每个细胞对光能的吸收利用,使紫球藻细胞可以获得较大的生长速度;利用CO2为碳源可以获得比利用NaHCO3更大的生长速度,有效地提高了紫球藻的生物量产量.在本实验条件下,细胞的生长速度和生物量产率分别达到了0.952 d-1和42.31 g/(m2.d).     

用于微藻培养的气升式光生物反应器

基于微藻光自养培养特性 ,构建了具有较大面积体积比的 15 L内外光源相结合的气升式光生物反应器 ,考察了两种不同形态藻细胞培养体系中 ,光强随细胞浓度及光程距离衰减的规律 ,得到了描述光衰减的数学关系式 ,即在鱼腥藻 712 0培养体系中为 I=I0 exp[- (0 .0 131+0 .987OD750 )·L],在聚球藻 70 0 2培养体系中为 I=I0 exp[- (- 0 .0 2 39+0 .0 777OD750 )·L],并据此对培养过程中光强沿反应器径向的动态分布情况进行了估算。在该反应器中进行了鱼腥藻 712 0和聚球藻 70 0 2两种蓝藻的光自养培养 ,藻细胞培养终密度分别达到 1.5 3g/ L和 3.4g/ L ,体积产率分别为 0 .31g L-1d-1和 0 .5 7g L-1d-1,说明该反应器适合于微藻的高密度培养     

转hTNF-α基因聚球藻培养条件的初步研究

以转hTNF-α基因聚球藻7002为对象,在摇瓶培养下对其生长条件进行了初步研究. 结果表明,当光照强度为100 μmol/(m2×s)时,藻细胞生长速率最大;35oC为其最佳培养温度;氯化钠浓度为12~24 g/L生长良好,最适浓度为24 g/L;转hTNF-α基因的聚球藻7002能利用铵盐和硝酸盐为氮源,其中硝酸盐对其生长最有利,硝酸钠最适浓度为1 g/L;加入有机碳源可以显著促进藻细胞生长,其中5 g/L的蔗糖对其促进作用最明显.     

光强在鱼腥藻7120培养液中的衰减及其对藻细胞生长的影响

研究了光强的衰减与鱼腥藻7120细胞浓度和光程的关系,并通过回归分析,得出了光强基于细胞密度和光路长度衰减的关联式,为预测培养过程中的光强变化和调控提供了依据. 同时,在15 L气升式反应器中,研究了恒定光强和渐变光强下藻细胞的生长情况,探讨了光强变化对藻细胞生长的影响,并对培养过程中细胞倍增时间作了比较,进一步说明了光强在藻细胞培养中的重要作用.     

微藻培养光生物反应器内传递现象的研究进展

微藻规模化培养过程中光生物反应器内传递现象是影响微藻的生长及产量的重要因素。本文重点综述了光生物反应器内传递现象（光传递、传热、传质和传动量传递）及其数学模型研究进展,分析了光生物反应器结构和尺寸对光传递和传质的影响,总结影响各传递现象的重要参数,如光吸收系数、体积传质系数等,为高效光生物反应器的设计、优化及放大提供了参考依据。     

通气量和CO2对Nannochloropsis sp.在光生物反应器中的生长和EPA合成的影响

实验考察了在气升式内环流光生物反应器中通气量、CO2含量等培养条件对Nannochloropsis sp.生长及EPA合成的影响. 结果表明,在气升式内环流光生物反应器中培养,Nannochloropsis sp.生长速率显著提高. 培养8 d,Nannochloropsis sp.生物量(干重)可达857 mg/L,是摇床培养的2倍. 在一定范围内,Nannochloropsis sp.的生长速率随通气量的增加而增加,在本实验条件下,通气量为500 mL/min时生长最快,而过高的通气量则对Nannochloropsis sp.的生长没有促进作用. 在通气中含1%(j) CO2时,可加快藻细胞的生长,最大生长速率可达不配加CO2时的1.8倍. 通气量和CO2对Nannochloropsis sp.细胞内总脂肪酸及EPA的积累有显著影响. 在通气量为400 mL/min及CO2含量为0.5%时,培养液中EPA产量最高,达到39.0 mg/L.     

光生物反应器中光强和Fe3+浓度对铜绿微囊藻生长和毒素合成的影响

在2.5 L光生物反应器中考察了光强、通气量等对铜绿微囊藻生长的影响,确定了最佳生长条件. 在此条件下考察不同Fe3+浓度(0~500 mmol/L)对铜绿微囊藻的生长、叶绿素及微囊藻毒素(MC-LR)含量的影响,同时考察光照强度对铜绿微囊藻产毒素的影响. 实验结果表明,在低铁(Fe3+<0.1 mmol/L)、缺铁(Fe3+<0.01 mmol/L)及高铁(Fe3+>100 mmol/L)环境下,微囊藻生长、叶绿素及毒素合成均受到抑制. 生物量和叶绿素在Fe3+浓度为100 mmol/L时含量最高,毒素在Fe3+浓度为10 mmol/L、光强为30 mmol/(m2×s)时含量最大.     

蓝细菌鱼腥藻7120混合营养培养的生长和生理特征

Mixotrophic growth is one potential mode for mass culture of microalgae and cyanobacteria particularly suitable for the production of high value bioactive compounds and fine chemicals.The typical heterocystous cyanobacterium Anabaena sp.PCC 7120 was grown in the presence of exogenous glucose in light.Glucose improved the cell growth evidently,the maximal specific growth rate under mixotrophic condition(0.38 d1)being 1.6-fold of that of photoautotrophic growth.Mixotrophy caused a variation in cellular pigment composition,increasing the content of chlorophyll a and decreasing the contents of carotenoid and phycobiliprotein relative to chlorophyll a.Fluorescence emission from photosystem II(PSII)relative to photosystem I was enhanced in mixotrophic cells,implying an increased energy distribution in PSII.Glucokinase(EC 2.7.1.2)activity was further induced in the presence of glucose.The mixotrophic culture was scaled up in a 15 L airlift photobioreactor equipped with an inner and an outer light source.A modified Monod model incorporating the specific growth rate and the average light intensity in the reactor was developed to describe cell growth appropriately.The understanding of mixotrophic growth and relevant physiological features of Anabaena sp.PCC 7120 would be meaningful for cultivation and exploitation of this important cyanobacterial strain.     

Overexpression of lipA or glpD_RuBisCO in the Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 Mutant Lacking the Aas Gene Enhances Free Fatty-Acid Secretion and Intracellular Lipid Accumulation

Although engineered cyanobacteria for the production of lipids and fatty acids (FAs) are intelligently used as sustainable biofuel resources, intracellularly overproduced FAs disturb cellular homeostasis and eventually generate lethal toxicity. In order to improve their production by enhancing FFAs secretion into a medium, we constructed three engineered Synechocystis 6803 strains including KA (a mutant lacking the aas gene), KAOL (KA overexpressing lipA, encoding lipase A in membrane lipid hydrolysis), and KAOGR (KA overexpressing quadruple glpD/rbcLXS, related to the CBB cycle). Certain contents of intracellular lipids and secreted FFAs of all engineered strains were higher than those of the wild type. Remarkably, the KAOL strain attained the highest level of secreted FFAs by about 21.9%w/DCW at day 5 of normal BG₁₁ cultivation, with a higher growth rate and shorter doubling time. TEM images provided crucial evidence on the morphological changes of the KAOL strain, which accumulated abundant droplets on regions of thylakoid membranes throughout the cell when compared with wild type. On the other hand, BG₁₁-N condition significantly induced contents of both intracellular lipids and secreted FFAs of the KAOL strain up to 37.2 and 24.5%w/DCW, respectively, within 5 days. Then, for the first time, we shone a spotlight onto the overexpression of lipA in the aas mutant of Synechocystis as another potential strategy to achieve higher FFAs secretion with sustainable growth.     

Effects of light quality on the accumulation of oil in a mixed culture of Chlorella sp. and Saccharomyces cerevisiae

BACKGROUND: Chlorella strains rather than terrestrial oil crops having higher oil content and shorter generation time have been considered as promising candidates for alternative biodiesel. Since the influence of light quality on oil formation of microalgae in either monoculture or mixed culture has been shown to be either inconsistent or ambiguous, a light‐emitting diode (LED) photo‐bioreactor with different light sources and intensities was used in this study to investigate a cost‐effective lipid production process. RESULTS: The oil accumulation in a mixed culture of Chlorella sp. and Saccharomyces cerevisiae was higher than that in the monoculture under the different light sources used. Results of the influence of light quality on the mixed culture indicated that the optimal light wavelength and intensity for biomass formation was red LED light at 1000 lux, whereas the optimum for oil formation was blue LED light at 1000 lux. A novel two‐stage LED photo‐bioreactor was thus proposed and the highest P_max and productivity in this study were obtained as 261 mg L^?1 and 8.16 mg L^?1 h^?1, respectively. CONCLUSION: A novel two‐stage LED photo‐bioreactor using a mixed culture to optimize microalgal oil production was proposed and successfully demonstrated in this study. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry