挤压铸造AZ81E镁合金固溶处理后的组织和性能

采用光学显微镜、X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜和拉伸试验机等研究了固溶处理工艺对挤压铸造态AZ81E镁合金显微组织与性能的影响.结果表明:该镁合金在350～420℃固溶处理后,随着固溶温度的升高和保温时间的延长,粗大网状β-Mg17Al12相逐渐溶解;经400℃固溶处理8 h后,枝晶偏析得到有效消除,稀土相得到细化并部分固溶到...     

固溶处理温度对改型IN706合金组织性能的影响

研究固溶处理温度对650～700℃超超临界汽轮机转子用改型IN706合金组织与性能的影响规律.结果表明,固溶处理温度对室温拉伸性能影响很小,但过高的固溶处理温度会使材料的700℃拉伸塑性明显下降,同时也会影响材料的冲击性能.通过观察微观组织发现,固溶处理温度的升高会使晶粒度明显长大,从而影响到材料的力学性能.     

不同工艺高温固溶与时效处理后SP-700钛合金的组织与性能

将SP-700钛合金在β相区1 000℃固溶15 min后,降温至(α+β)相区进行不同时间(3～10 min)和温度(650～900℃)下的固溶处理以及不同温度(370～650℃)和时间(15,90 min)的单级时效处理和280℃低温预时效+第二级时效的双级时效处理,研究了不同工艺下合金的组织和性能。结果表明：在850℃下固溶后合金中α相的体积分数随固溶时间的延长而增加,当固溶时间为5 min时,合金具有较好的强塑性匹配;在5 min固溶时间下,α相体积分数随固溶温度的升高而减小,当固溶温度为650℃时,合金具有较好的强塑性匹配。β相区固溶+单级/双级时效后,合金基本由β晶粒、α相以及针状马氏体组成;在时效温度650℃和时间90 min下单级时效或时效温度650℃和时间15 min下双级时效后,合金均具有较好的强塑性匹配。     

固溶温度对ZK60镁合金耐腐蚀性能的影响

在不同温度(200~300℃)下对铸态ZK60镁合金进行固溶处理,采用扫描电子显微镜观察不同温度固溶后合金的显微组织,并采用质量损失法和电化学方法研究了不同温度固溶后合金在质量分数为3.5%NaCl溶液中的耐腐蚀性能。结果表明:随着固溶温度的升高,合金中第二相的含量减少且由连续分布变为不连续分布;随着固溶温度的升高,合金的腐蚀速率先升高后降低;经300℃固溶处理后,ZK60镁合金的耐腐蚀性能最好,其腐蚀速率为4.575 2mm·a~(-1),自腐蚀电流密度和自腐蚀电位分别为0.011 639mA·cm~(-2)和-1.511 0V。     

热处理对挤压添加钙AM50镁合金组织及力学性能的影响

研究了固溶、时效对挤压添加钙的三种AM50镁合金组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明：合金挤压后,随着固溶时间的增加,Mg17,Al12相以弥散状溶解在基体镁中,而Al2Ca相相当稳定,部分变细,逐步断开并出现球化现象;随着时效时间的增加,Mg177Al12相以粒状从基体中析出,而Al2Ca相在时效过程中变化极小。固溶后,挤压合金的硬度和抗拉强度下降。时效后,挤压添加1％Ca的合金抗拉强度略有升高,未加和加入2％Ca的抗拉强度略有下降,三种合金的硬度增加到峰值后逐步下降。未加和加入29,6Ca的合金固溶后塑性显著增加,时效后塑性略有下降;而加入1％Ca的合金固溶后塑性略有下降,时效后塑性显著提高。     

固溶及时效温度对TC18 组织性能的影响

固溶及时效处理是实现钛合金强化的关键工艺,文中采用不同的固溶及时效温度对TC18钛合金进行了强化处理,对处理后合金的显微组织和性能进行了对比分析。在固溶过程中,随着温度的升高,亚稳β相生成量增加,使得后续时效过程的次生α相析出量增加,从而提高了合金强度,但塑性降低;在时效过程中,随着温度的升高,初生α相晶粒长大,次生α相析出量减少,合金强化效果降低而塑性提高。通过控制固溶及时效温度,调整初生α相与次生α相之间的数量及尺寸关系,可以达到调整合金性能的目的。     

钇元素及固溶处理对AZ31镁合金组织和性能的影响

通过力学性能检测、SEM和XRD分析,研究了钇元素及固溶处理对AZ31镁合金组织和性能的影响,并分析了其断裂方式。结果表明:稀土钇元素能够细化铸态α-Mg基体组织,对镁合金具有较好的细晶强化作用;钇元素和铝元素形成的Al2Y化合物,在细化晶粒的同时均匀分布于晶界处,可强化晶界,提高合金的力学性能;钇元素质量分数为1.0%时,合金的力学性能最佳;进行440℃×10h的固溶处理能使加入0.5%(质量分数)钇元素的合金组织最为均匀;加入钇元素后,合金以韧性断裂和准解理断裂相结合的方式断裂。     

AZ31B镁合金板热成形温度优化及合理温度下成形件的组织与性能

研究了温度对AZ31 B镁合金板显微组织与拉伸性能的影响,分析了不同温度热成形件的成形质量,确定了合理的热成形温度并研究了该温度下热成形件的显微组织与拉伸性能.结果表明:200℃热处理后AZ31B镁合金板能较好地保持细小等轴晶组织,随温度升高,晶粒明显粗化;随温度升高,合金的强度下降而塑性提高,200℃时即可具有良好的...     

红外热像法预测镁合金的疲劳性能

对AZ31B镁合金板材在室温下的高周疲劳性能进行了研究,用红外成像仪测量了疲劳试验过程中合金表面的温度变化;根据疲劳试验过程中温度-应力关系及试样表面温度分布差异,确定疲劳断裂位置和疲劳极限。结果表明:根据合金表面温度变化可以预测疲劳断裂位置;以此法确定的AZ31B镁合金的疲劳极限为107.5MPa,与常规疲劳试验测得的疲劳极限吻合较好;加载初期镁合金升温到一定温度后又下降至室温左右,在断裂前温度快速升高。     

固溶温度对新型高强变形铝合金组织和力学性能的影响

通过研究一种高强变形铝合金固溶处理温度对其组织和性能的影响规律,探讨了在固溶处理过程中温度对合金组织及性能影响的机理。结果表明:在相同的时效处理工艺下,550～560℃的固溶处理温度可使合金达到较高的力学性能,相对于未经形变处理的合金材料,固溶温度可以提高5～10℃。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.