消化-石油醚提取氢化物-原子荧光光谱法测定食用油中砷

采用消化 -石油醚提取方法处理食用调味油样品 ,以氢化物 -原子荧光光谱法测定砷 ,研究了样品的处理方法、线性关系及检出限 ,建立了快速测定食用调味油中砷含量的原子荧光光谱法。相对标准偏差小于1.79% ,加标回收率 96 .7%— 10 3.8%。     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定进口未焙烧黄铁矿中总砷含量的不确定度评定

以氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定进口未焙烧黄铁矿中总砷含量为例,建立了数学模型,对测试过程中的各个分量进行分步计算和合成,计算出扩展不确定度为0.007％,评定结果表明校准曲线是氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定进口未焙烧黄铁矿中总砷含量不确定度的主要影响因素.     

氢化物发生-原子荧光法测定饮料中砷含量的不确定度评定

本文以氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定饮料中砷含量为实例,建立了数学模型,对测试过程中不确定度的各个分量进行了分步计算及合成,计算出扩展不确定度为0.0011mg/L.结果表明校准曲线是氢化物原子荧光法测定饮料中砷含量不确定度的主要影响因素.     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定7种中草药中不同形态的水溶性砷

微波提取样品后,使用树脂分离不同形态的砷,以盐酸为测定介质,硫脲-抗坏血酸为预还原剂,硼氢化钾为还原剂,用氢化物发生-原子荧光法测定7种驱虫类中草药中的不同形态砷含量。砷含量在10—100ng/mL浓度范围内线性关系好,回收率在91.4%—106.4%之间。本方法简便、快速、灵敏、准确,可用于中草药中砷的形态测定。     

正丁醇萃取-稀盐酸溶解原子荧光光谱法间接测定中草药中钼

建立了正丁醇萃取稀盐酸溶解原子荧光光谱法间接测定中草药中钼的方法。基于As(Ⅴ)和钼酸铵在浓度为0.3 mol·L-1硫酸介质中能形成砷钼杂多酸,且该杂多酸可以被有机试剂萃取,萃取后蒸干有机试剂,残渣用稀盐酸加以溶解,原子荧光光谱法间接测定钼的含量。在优化的实验条件下,钼的含量在0～15 μg·L-1范围内呈良好的线性关系。方法的检出限是0.44 μg·L-1, 相对标准偏差1.1%。据此对中草药样品进行分析,平均加标回收率介于95.6%～101.3%之间。     

原子荧光光谱法测定土壤中的砷

应用原子荧光光谱法测定砷的含量。以深层生土、地表熟土为样品,采用顺序注射氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法进行测定。在最佳实验条件下,方法的线性范围在2—60μg/L以内,相关系数r=0.9993,检出限为0.16μg/L,测定标准溶液的RSD为1.6%(n=11),样品加标回收率为96.5%—103.5%,方法简单、快速,可测定土壤中的砷。     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定铜阳极泥中的砷

用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定铜阳极泥中的砷量,研究了仪器测量条件、氢化物发生条件、共存元素等因素对测定结果的影响.选择了最佳测定条件,砷的测定范围为0.50%-5.00%,加标回收率在98.3%-108.0%之间,相对标准偏差小于4%,能满足测定的要求.     

氢化物原子荧光光谱法监测砷中毒患者血液中的砷

对砷中毒患者血液中砷的监测对其临床排砷治疗有重大的指导意义.采用硝酸-高氯酸混酸消解样品,抗坏血酸-硫脲做还原剂,氢化物原子荧光光谱法测定砷中毒患者血液中的砷.运用这种方法能够快速、准确检测出砷含量,从而能够及时监测砷中毒患者血液中的砷,对临床具有重大意义.     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定海水中As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)

提出了一种断续流动注射氢化物发生—原子荧光光谱法测定海水中砷的方法。优化了流动注射氢化物反应发生条件为：5.0％盐酸-0.1 mol·L-1柠檬酸为载流和样品介质,2％ KBH₄-0.5％ KOH还原剂,用氩气将产生的砷化氢带入氢氩焰中原子化,原子荧光光谱法检测。有机砷在此实验条件下不形成干扰,As(Ⅴ)须经预还原后测定。分析了青岛栈桥海滨浴场等海域采集的实际海水样品,实验结果表明海水样品中有机砷含量低,在大批量样品测定时,测定海水中As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)的量可以近似反映近海海域中砷污染情况。     

微波消解-氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定三氧化二锑中砷

以微波消解分解样品,减少了样品前处理的时间,避免了挥发组分的损失。氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定三氧化二锑中砷含量,系统地研究了微波消解、氢化物发生的最佳条件。在此条件下测定砷,得出该方法的检出限为0.35μg/L,相对标准偏差小于5%,加标回收率为91.2%—100.3%。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Research on beamforming method for dual-line array with space mismatch between the two line arrays

The performance of port/starboard discrimination of dual-line array will be seriously degraded when the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. The directivity function of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is deduced and the port/starboard discrimination of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is also studied both under the ideal status and the status under which the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. Analysis results show the delay-subtract beamforming has better performance of port/starboard discrimination. At last, the sea trial results demonstrate the theoretical results.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.