扩张型心肌病患者恶性室性心律失常与心率变异性关系分析

目的:了解扩张型心肌病患者恶性心律失常(MVA)与心率变异性(heart rate variability,HRV)的关系,探讨扩心病患者体内自主神经变化的临床意义。方法:选择扩心病患者48例作为研究对象,同时按照年龄配对,取48例正常者作为对照组,对其行24小时动态心电图检查,依据其是否出现恶性心律失常分为恶性室性心律失常(MVA+)组及单纯扩张型心肌病(MVA-)组,分析组间HRV的差异。结果:与对照组比较,单纯扩张型心肌病(MVA-)组HRV时域指标(SDNN、SDANN、RMSSD)均有降低(P<0.05)L与(MVA-)组相比,恶性室性心律失常(MVA+)组HRV相关指标进一步降低(P<0.05)。结论:自主神经功能异常是扩张型心肌病患者恶性心律失常的重要危险因子,可能可以用HRV预测其发生恶性心律失常危险性。     

两种剂型美托洛尔对不稳定心绞痛患者心率变异性及QT离散度的影响及疗效观察

目的:探讨两种剂型美托洛尔对冠心病不稳定心绞痛患者心率变异性(HRV)及QT离散度的影响及观察两种剂型美托洛尔对不稳定心绞痛患者的临床疗效.方法:100例不稳定心绞痛患者被随机分为平片组及缓释片组,在常规冠心病治疗基础上,分别服用美托洛尔平片(25mg)和缓释片(23.75)开始,逐步增加剂量,观察治疗前后HRV及QT离散度的情况及观察两种剂型美托洛尔对不稳定心绞痛患者的临床疗效情况.结果:与治疗前比较,两组治疗14d后平片组与缓释片组HRV、QT离散度指标均改善,缓释片组优于平片组(P＜0.05),美托洛尔平片治疗组总有效率为80％,美托洛尔缓释片治疗组总有效率为84％.结论:应用美托洛尔缓释片治疗不稳定性心绞痛比美托洛尔平片在控制心率变异性及QT离散度方面更好,在本研究中,美托洛尔与琥珀酸美托洛尔均能改善不稳定心绞痛患者预后,但两者比较对疗效无明显差异.     

心率变异性与冠心病、年龄的关系-附170例临床样本观察

目的:探讨心率变异性(HRV)与年龄的关系及冠心病患者心率变异性(HRV)各时域指标的差异变化.方法:采用24小时动态心电图监测,对经冠状动脉造影检查明确诊断的133例冠心病患者和37例非冠心病患者进行HRV时域分析(SDNN,SDANN,RMSSD,pNN50,SDNNindex),并将结果做以对比,分析关系.结果:冠心病患者HRV时域指标(SDANN,RMSSD,pNN50)低于非冠心病组,具有统计学意义(P＜0.05),且在非冠心病组冠心病患者组中,老年组HRV低于中年组,具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:冠心病血管病变与迷走神经功能能受损相关,且随着年龄的增长,迷走神经功能下降.     

动态心电图对慢性肺源性心脏病的诊断价值分析

目的:探讨动态心电图对慢性肺源性心脏病的诊断价值。方法:入选98例慢性肺源性心脏病患者及100例无呼吸系统及心血管系统疾病患者,分别作为研究组与对照组,均在入院后1~2 d上午8:30行24 h动态心电图监测,比较两组ST段改变、心率失常、心率震荡(HRT)指标、心率变异性(HRV)时域指标。结果:与对照组相比,研究组ST段压低或抬高的比例、ST段压低位移幅度及持续时间、ST段抬高位移幅度、窦性心动过缓(SB)、室性早搏(VPB)、加速性室性自主心率(AIR)、室颤(VF)的发生率、震荡初始(TO)、动态心率震荡(TD)均明显升高(P0.05),震荡斜率(TS)、总体标准差(SDNN)及均值标准差(SDANN)明显低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:动态心电图可比较准确地检查出慢性肺源性心脏病患者心肌缺血、心律失常、HRT、HVR等方面的异常,在诊断慢性肺源性心脏病方面具有重要参考价值。     

稳心颗粒联合胺碘酮对心肌梗死合并室性心律失常治疗效果及hs-CRP水平的影响

目的:探讨稳心颗粒联合胺碘酮对心肌梗死合并室性心律失常治疗效果及hs-CRP水平的影响。方法:选取2017年11月至2019年9月我院84例心肌梗死合并室性心律失常患者为研究对象,根据入院顺序分为两组,每组42例,对照组仅给予胺碘酮治疗,研究组给予稳心颗粒联合胺碘酮治疗,比较两组的治疗总有效率,治疗前后心功能、hs-CRP水平、24 h动态心电图变化。结果:研究组治疗总有效率92.86%,显著高于对照组的76.19%(P0.05);治疗前两组各心功能指标及hs-CRP水平比较无统计学差异(P0.05),治疗后两组各心功能指标及hs-CRP水平较治疗前均明显改善,且研究组显著优于对照组(P0.05);治疗前两组24 h动态心电图比较无统计学差异(P0.05),治疗后两组24 h动态心电图较治疗前均明显改善,且研究组显著优于对照组(P0.05)。结论:稳心颗粒联合胺碘酮可有效改善患者的心功能及心电图指标,降低血清hs-CRP水平,疗效确切,对促进心肌梗死合并室性心律失常患者病情康复具有积极意义。     

低剂量氯吡格雷治疗不稳定型心绞痛的疗效观察

目的:探讨氯吡格雷(泰嘉)治疗不稳定型心绞痛(unstable angina pectoris,UAP)的疗效。方法:102例不稳定型心绞痛患者随机分治疗组(60例)和对照组(42例),治疗组在常规药物的基础上加氯吡格雷50mg,每天1次,连用4周。对照组用常规药物治疗。两组均观察心绞痛的发作次数、24h动态心电图。结果:治疗组显效43例(79.6%),有效5例(9.3%),对照组显效23例(48.0%),有效10例(20.8%),两组相比差异有显著性(p<0.05)。治疗组心绞痛的发作次数与对照组比较明显减少(P<0.01)、24h动态心电图与对照组比较明显改善(P<0.01)。结论:UAP患者在常规药物治疗的基础上联用低剂量氯吡格雷可取得良好效果,且安全性好。     

2型糖尿病患者心率变异性与心率减速力的相关性及其对自主神经功能的评估价值

目的:探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者心率变异性(HRV)与心率减速力(DC)的相关性及其对自主神经功能的评估价值。方法:选取2018年1月～2019年12月期间合肥市第一人民医院收治的120例T2DM患者为研究对象,纳入实验组,其中单纯T2DM患者69例(单纯T2DM组),T2DM伴周围神经病变(DPN)患者51例(DPN组),另选同期在我院进行心功能检查的健康志愿者120例作为对照组。所有受试者均进行24h动态心电图检查,根据检查结果计算HRV值[总标准差(SDNN)、两个相邻RR间期互差(PNN50)、差值均方根(RMSSD)]和DC值,根据各组受试者的DC值,统计对比各组的猝死风险,并分析T2DM患者DC值与HRV各项指标的相关性。结果:对照组、单纯T2DM组、DPN组的SDNN、PNN50、RMSSD、DC值依次降低(均P0.05)。对照组、单纯T2DM组、DPN组各猝死风险等级分布整体比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05),单纯T2DM组、DPN组猝死高危比例显著高于对照组,且DPN组猝死高危比例高于单纯T2DM组(均P0.05)。经Pearson相关分析,T2DM患者的DC值与SDNN、PNN50、RMSSD呈明显的正相关(P0.05)。结论:T2DM患者的DC值、HRV指标均低于正常人群,合并DPN的T2DM患者猝死风险明显提高,DC值与HRV指标间存在明显的正相关,可作为T2DM患者自主神经功能状态评估的重要指标。     

男性冠心病患者血清同型半胱氨酸、睾酮、肌钙蛋白Ⅰ水平变化及临床意义

目的:探讨男性冠心病(CHD)患者血清同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、睾酮(T)及肌钙蛋白Ⅰ(cTnI)水平变化及临床意义.方法:将110例男性冠心病患者分为三组:SAP组51例、UAP组36例、AMI组23例,对各冠心组患者血清Hcy、T及cTnI等指标水平进行检测,并与健康对照组40例健康受试者进行比较分析.结果:与健康对照组比较,冠心病组血清Hcy、cTnI水平均显著升高,而血清T水平显著降低,组间差异均具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);与AMI组比较,SAP组、UAP组血清Hcy、cTnI水平均显著降低,T水平显著升高,组间差异亦均具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);与UAP组比较,SAP组血清Hcy、cTnI水平均显著降低,血清T水平显著升高,组间差异亦具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).冠心病患者血清Hcy与cTnI水平呈正性显著相关(P＜0.05);血清T与Hcy、cTnI水平之间均呈负性显著相关(P＜0.05).结论:检测男性冠心病患者血清Hcy、T及cTnI水平对患者疾病预防及治疗具有重要的临床意义.     

24小时动态心电图检查在起搏器植入心律失常诊断中应用价值分析

目的:分析24 h动态心电图检查在起搏器植入心律失常诊断中的应用价值。方法:选择2013年2月～2016年1月于医院接受起搏器植入术治疗的60例患者作为研究对象,均采用常规12导联及24 h动态心电图进行检查,比较两种不同检查方法对心律失常的诊断价值。结果:①24 h动态心电图对心室过感知、心房感知不良、心室感知不良检出率均高于12导联心电图(P0.05)。②24 h动态心电图心律失常总检出率明显高于12导联心电图(P0.05)。③24 h动态心电图HRV时域指标24 h内所有正常R-R间期标准差(SDNN)、24 h内相邻正常R-R间期之差均方根值(RMSDD)、全程每5 min时间段R-R间期均值标准差(SDANN)均高于12导联心电图(P0.05)。结论:24 h动态心电图对起搏器植入术后起搏功能异常、感知功能异常及心律失常检出率高,且对心率变异性诊断相对敏感,对起搏器植入心律失常诊断的临床应用价值较12导联心电图更高。     

原发性高血压合并冠心病患者血清CRP的变化

目的:探讨原发性高血压合并不同类型冠心病患者血清C-反应蛋白(CRP)的变化及其意义。方法:用全自动生化分析仪检测71例原发性高血压患者和28例健康对照组人群的血清CRP水平,所有研究对象均行选择性冠状动脉造影检查。将原发性高血压组病人根据冠脉造影检查分为单纯原发性高血压组(EH),原发性高血压合并稳定性心绞痛组(EH+SAP)、原发性高血压合并不稳定心绞痛组(EH+UAP)、原发性高血压合并心肌梗死组(EH+MI),比较各组患者血清CRP水平的差异。结果:①与对照组比较,EH组及EH合并CAD各组患者血清CRP均显著升高(P0.05);②与EH组比较,EH+UAP和EH+MI组血清CRP水平均显著升高(P0.01);③与EH+SAP组比较,EH+AMI组和EH+UAP组血清CRP水平均显著升高(P0.01)。结论:冠心病合并原发性高血压患者血CRP水平与冠状动脉病变程度与斑块稳定程度存在正相关性。     

Nonstationary Heart Rate Variability in Respiratory Tests

A new method was proposed for processing a nonstationary heart rate by using frequency-modulated signals rather than amplitude-modulated signals equally spaced over several points of time as in the conventional method. A frequency-modulated signal is a set of identical Gaussian peaks that coincide with the true time points of heart beats. A continuous wavelet transform was used to quantitatively describe the heart rhythm signal. A test with controlled breathing was performed as an example and included three consecutive stages: rest, rhythmic breathing at a specified frequency, and exhalation. Tachograms recorded during the breath test was found to be a nonstationary signal with the alternation of peaks of different spectral ranges. A system of quantitative parameters was developed to describe the dynamics of changes in the spectral properties of the tachogram in transitional areas. A static clustering by the effect of the respiratory test and a dynamic clustering in order to identify the time points when the autonomic nervous system is stressed were performed for all subjects. The article discusses the prospects of using the method as a means to analyze the transient effects in various functional tests and as biofeedback that would help to change the heart rhythm.     

Heart Rate Variability as a Marker of Self-Regulation

Self-regulation is central to many of the most important individual and societal problems today. We sought to determine whether the relationship between self-regulation and heart rate variability (HRV) could be replicated and extended. We hypothesized that baseline HRV would predict persistence on an anagram task, and that under conditions requiring greater self-control, HRV would increase. Two groups were given the same set of difficult and unsolvable anagrams. To induce self-regulatory fatigue, the suppression group was asked to try to not think of a white bear while the expression group was asked to try to think of a white bear. Baseline HRV predicted persistence on the unsolvable anagram. Both groups demonstrated changes in HRV relative to baseline, although we were unable to replicate findings that HRV was elevated during high self-regulatory effort. We were, however, able to replicate findings that the expression group persisted longer on the anagram task compared to the suppression group but only when accounting for physical activity scores. The present study advances our knowledge of the relationship between HRV and self-regulation, so that we can more successfully treat those with seriously impaired self-control.     

Analysis of Heart Rate Variability in Space Medicine

Space medicine was one of the first fields of science and practice to use the analysis of the heart rate variability (HRV) for obtaining new scientific information and solving the tasks of exercising medical control over humans working under extreme conditions. The theoretical basis of HRV analysis and different approaches to the assessment of the data obtained are presented in the work. The technique for HRV analysis with regard to the specifics of space studies is described. The results of investigations at different stages of the space flight, including the use of Holter monitoring, are presented. Special attention is given to the results of the investigations in a long-term 14-month space flight. The adaptation to long-term weightlessness was shown to be of a multistep character with the gradual involvement of additional regulatory mechanisms.     

Analysis of Heart Rate Variability in Masked Hypertension

To investigate heart rate variability (HRV) in patients with masked hypertension (MH), participants were classified based on clinic and 24-h ambulatory blood-pressure monitoring: essential hypertension (EH, n = 40; MH, n = 36) and normotension (NT, n = 48). The HRV parameters were observed using a 24-h Holter monitor. Compared with NT controls, the parameters of HRV (SDNN, SDANN, SDNN Index, RMSSD, HF) and parameters in EH and MH patients had significantly decreased. No statistically significant difference in the HRV parameters was found between the EH and MH groups. The changes in HRV parameters show cardiac autonomic nerve dysfunction in patients with MH.     

Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Modulations in Preeclampsia

BackgroundAlthough the exact pathophysiology of preeclampsia is not well understood, autonomic nervous system imbalance is suggested as one of the main factors.AimsTo investigate heart rate variability (HRV) and autonomic modulations in Sudanese pregnant women with preeclampsia.ResultsPatients with preeclampsia achieved significantly higher LF Norm [49.80 (16.25) vs. 44.55 (19.15), P = 0.044] and LnLF/HF [0.04 (0.68) vs. -0.28 (0.91), P = 0.023] readings, but lower HF Norm [49.08 (15.29) vs. 55.87 (19.56), P = 0.012], compared with healthy pregnant women. Although all other HRV measurements were higher in the patients with preeclampsia compared with the controls, only LnVLF [4.50 (1.19) vs. 4.01 (1.06), P = 0.017] and LnLF [4.01 (1.58) vs. 3.49 (1.23), P = 0.040] reached statistical significance.ConclusionThe study adds further evidence for the dominant cardiac sympathetic modulations on patients with preeclampsia, probably secondary to parasympathetic withdrawal in this group. However, the higher LnVLF and LnLF readings achieved by preeclamptic women compared with the controls are unexpected in the view that augmented sympathetic modulations usually depresses all HRV parameters including these two measures.     

Heart Rate Variability during Performance of Various Resultive Tasks

Heart rate variability was studied in 30 subjects before and after the assembling of a single-type color mosaic. The heart rate analysis was performed by evaluating its statistical structure (variation curves, scatter plots, and standard deviation). The wave structure of a series of cardiointervals was assessed by calculating and plotting the autocorrelation function. Certain heart rate parameters in different subjects reflected to various extents their success in achieving the useful end result of the visuomotor design task.     

Heart Rate Variability During 24 Hours in Asthmatic Children

The autonomic circadian rhythm plays an important role in asthma. In recent years it has become possible to evaluate autonomic nervous function (ANF) using analysis of heart rate variability (HRV). We analyzed the HRV in the 24h period following the state without an asthma attack in order to study the relationship between asthma and ANF. The HRV was analyzed in 94 asthmatic children (ages 5–15 years). These subjects were divided into groups according to the severity of their asthma. After recording a 24h ambulatory electrocardiograph (AECG), the HRV was analyzed by a computer. Evaluation of the HRV was carried out using time-domain and frequency-domain analyses. The ANF of asthma subjects was decreased in comparison to the normal group. The severity of asthma had a significant effect on the %RR50 (the proportion of cycles during which the difference is > 50 ms), the SD (standard deviation; mean of standard deviation of all normal RR intervals for all 5-minute periods), the low-frequency (LF) band (0.04 to 0.15 Hz), and the high-frequency (HF) band (0.15 to 0.4 Hz) (%RR50: F = 4.31, p = 0.01; SD: F=3.48, p = 0.03; LF: F=3.67, p = 0.02; HF: F=3.41, p = 0.03). These values were lowest in the severe asthma group. With regard to the therapy grouping, the index that exhibited a significant difference was the NNA (mean of normal-to-normal RR intervals over 24h) (F = 4.43, p = 0.01) In conclusion, even in the normal condition in which the patient is free of an asthma attack, the ANF of asthma sufferers differs from that of normal children. It is possible that the different ANF of asthma sufferers is related to the severity of the asthma. (Chronobiology International, 14(6), 597–606, 1997)     

Heart Rate Variability in Healthy Six- to Sixteen-Year-Old Children

To study the age-related features of heart rate variability in children between the age of 6 to 16 years, cardiac rhythmograms of 5400 children were analyzed. It was found that parameters of the heart rate (M, SDNN, RMSSD, TF, VLF, and HF) in these children increase with age, changing in a wavelike way from year to year. Gender differences were observed in parameter M beginning from the age of 9; in parameters TF, VLF, and LF, the differences were observed beginning from the age of 11; and in parameters SDNN, RMSSD, and HF, the differences were observed from the age of 12 years. No differences between 16-year-old boys and girls in all the parameters of heart rate variability were found. It was shown that parameter VLF derived from ECG epochs of less than 5-min is suitable for physiological and clinical assessment. The obtained values of the parameters can be used in practice as reference standard.