肝动脉栓塞化疗联合乌苯美司胶囊对中晚期复发性肝细胞癌治疗的疗效分析

目的：分析中晚期复发性肝癌患者接受肝动脉栓塞化疗联合乌苯美司胶囊与单纯肝动脉栓塞化疗治疗的疗效差异。
　　方法：回顾分析2011年3月—2014年4月肝动脉栓塞化疗治疗的术后复发性肝癌及治疗后肝内复发的中晚期肝细胞癌患者68例。其中联合治疗组（34例）接受肝动脉栓塞化疗联合乌苯美司胶囊,对照组（34例）予以肝动脉栓塞化疗治疗。观察治疗后的效果和不良反应情况。
　　结果：联合治疗组有效率直径<3cm、3~5cm者优于对照组（P<0.05）;联合治疗组再次肝动脉栓塞化疗的间隔时间明显优于对照组（P<0.05);联合治疗组直径<3cm、3~5cm的患者生活质量较对照组明显改善,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;联合治疗组肝功能Child-Pugh分级改善明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;肿瘤直径>5cm者在治疗有效率、生活质量和肝功能改善等方面两组均无统计学差异（P>0.05）;治疗后发热、疼痛恶心呕吐及肾功能改变两组无统计学差异（P>0.05）;联合治疗组白细胞的计数减较对照组少,两组差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。
　　结论：肝动脉栓塞化疗联合乌苯美司治疗中晚期复发性肝癌效果明显,优于单纯肝动脉栓塞化疗,尤其是对肿瘤直径<3cm及3~5cm的小肝癌临床疗效好。     

肝切除加置化疗泵对防治肝癌复发的价值

目的　为了观察肝切除加置化疗泵对预防肝癌复发的效果。方法　试验组 4 3例在行肝切除的基础上加作肝动脉或 /和门静脉化疗泵植入 ,术后定期进行化疗栓塞 ,对照组单纯行肝切除 ,两组随访 1～ 4年。结果试验组 1、3年复发率 (分别为 14 % ,3 5 % )明显低于对照组 (分别为 4 2 % ,72 % ) (P <0 .0 1)。而术后生存率 1、3年试验组为 79%、67%明显高于对照组为 5 1%、3 2 % (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　肝切除加置化疗泵行肝动脉或 /和门静脉化疗栓塞是预防肝癌术后复发和提高远期疗效的有效措施。     

得力生注射液联合肝动脉栓塞化疗和门静脉化疗对肝癌治疗的价值

目的探讨得力生注射液经肝动脉、门静脉途径应用，对预防肝癌术后复发转移的治疗作用。方法选择原发性肝癌切除术后行肝动脉、门静脉化疗的患者60例。将患者随机分成两组，联合得力生注射液经肝动脉和门静脉治疗组30例，对照组30例。检测和分析化疗前、后不同时期体液免疫指标、生活质量改善和复发率。结果两组患者随访3～24个月，对照组肿瘤肝内复发15例次，治疗组肿瘤肝内复发13例次，两组间无统计学差异；治疗组的体液免疫指标IgG、IgA、IgM浓度和生活质量评分有显著提高（P〈0．05），且化疗的毒副作用明显减少。结论得力生注射液联合肝动脉栓塞化疗和门静脉化疗治疗肝癌术后患者，可提高免疫力，改善生活质量；通过肝动脉和门静脉途径给药，可增强疗效，并能减少化疗的副作用。     

经门静脉化疗栓塞或化疗治疗肝细胞癌──附63例报道

６３例不能手术切除的肝细胞癌伴肝硬化病人．接受肝动脉和门静脉分期化疗栓塞（６０例）或同时化疗栓塞（３例）．其中６例辅以门静脉插管化疗。１、２、３ａ生存率分别７１．４％（４５／６３）、３１．７％（２０／６３）和３．２％（２／６３）。临床研究证明．肝动脉和门静脉化疗栓塞的姑息性治疗效果优于单纯肝动脉化疗栓塞。门静脉插管途径可以选择口肠静脉或中结肠静脉．当有栓塞禁忌症或经肝动脉化疗已无可能时．经门静脉系统灌注化疗药物，其在肝内肿瘤中的浓度与肝动脉灌注药物相似。     

原发性肝癌术后复发的再次治疗

目的：探讨原发性肝癌复发后再次手术治疗的可行性及意义。方法：选取2003年1月—2008年12月间就治和随访的58例第一次手术后复发的原发性肝癌患者,分为再手术组和消融栓塞组,比较1,3年生存率。结果：再手术组23例,均行根治性局部切除加肝动脉化疗泵植入术,术后经肝动脉化疗泵行化疗栓塞。消融栓塞组35例,均行局部射频消融治疗加股动脉穿刺肝动脉插管化疗栓塞。再手术者1,3年生存率分别为100%和82.6%,均显著高于消融栓塞组的82.9%和45.7%。结论：原发性肝癌根治性切除术后复发患者,如条件适宜,掌握好手术时机,再次手术治疗是首选方案。     

肝动脉门静脉全植入式带囊导管化疗栓塞治疗肝癌

肝动脉门静脉全植入式带囊导管（ＩＰＣＣ）化疗栓塞治疗肝癌６１例（期３６例，Ⅲ期２５例），半年和１年生存率为８４．８％（３９／４６）和３７．０％（１７／４６），合并门静脉癌栓的１年生存率为２１．９％（７／３２）；根治性肝切除加肝动脉门静脉ＩＰＣＣ安置定期化疗９例，均存活１年以上，１年内复发１例（１／９）。     

经肝动脉门静脉双管栓塞化疗治疗晚期肝癌

经肝动脉门静脉双管栓塞化疗治疗晚期肝癌杨才华刘永雄冯玉泉自１９９４年３月至１９９５年４月作者采用经肝动脉门静脉置入化疗泵，术后经肝动脉门静脉双管道反复栓塞化疗治疗１２例晚期肝癌患者。现报告如下：１．临床资料：本组患者男性１１例，女性１例，年龄最小２７...     

原发性肝癌伴门静脉癌栓行术后肝动脉化疗栓塞联合门静脉化疗的疗效观察

目的 评价原发性肝癌伴门静脉癌栓行术后肝动脉化疗栓塞联合门静脉化疗的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析2000年1月至2004年12月获得随访的85例行手术治疗和术后化疗的原发性肝癌合并门静脉癌栓病人,其中64例病人术后仅行肝动脉化疗栓塞(A组),另外21例病人术后行肝动脉化疗栓塞联合门静脉化疗(B组).比较两组病人术后1、2和3年肝癌复发率和生存率.结果 A组术后1、2和3年肝癌复发率分别为56.3%、75.0%和85.9%,B组分别为28.6%、61.9%和81.0%.仅术后1年复发率B组显著低于A组(P<0.05),两组术后2、3年复发率比较无统计学差异(P>0.05).A组术后1、2和3年生存率分别为53.1%、43.8%和31.3%,B组分别为81.0%、61.9%和38.1%.B组术后1、2年生存率明显高于A组(P<0.05),两组术后3年生存率比较无统计学差异(P>0.05).结论 术后肝动脉化疗栓塞联合门静脉化疗能够明显降低原发性肝癌伴门静脉癌栓塞病人术后短期复发率,有助于提高近期疗效.     

选择性肝血流双相化疗栓塞治疗中晚期肝癌

为提高中晚期肝癌的治疗效果。方法 １９９３年１０月－１９９５年４月采取选择性化疗栓塞治疗手术无法切除的中晚期肝癌２８例,其中肝动脉及门静脉栓塞１３例,肝动脉栓塞,门静脉化疗１５例。结果 １,２,３年生存率分别为６４．３％,２８．６％,３．６％。结论选择性肝动脉门静脉化疗栓塞治疗中晚期肝癌是一种可供选择的有效方法。     

肝动脉、门静脉双栓化疗治疗不能切除的原发性肝癌

目的　探讨肝动脉、门静脉双栓化疗对不能切除的原发性肝癌的治疗作用。方法　对81例不能切除的原发性肝癌进行随机分组 :双栓组 41例 ,术中植入皮下埋藏式投药泵 (CDDS) ,通过药泵经肝动脉行栓塞化疗 门静脉局部灌注化疗 ;术后定期用同法栓塞化疗。肝动脉栓塞化疗(TACE )组 40例按Seldinger法进行 ,用药与术中肝动脉用药量相同。栓塞化疗 3次后 ,记录甲胎蛋白(AFP)、肿瘤大小、肝功能、体重、腹围及生存期 ,并进行比较。结果　栓塞化疗 3次后体重、AFP、肿瘤的缩小双栓组均明显优于TACE组 (P <0 .0 1) ,而肝功能、腹围无明显区别 (P >0 .0 5 )。双栓组与TACE组的中位生存期分别为 18.0个月及 11.1个月 ;6,9,12 ,2 4个月累积生存率分别为87.80 % ,78.0 % ,68.2 9%和 3 1.70 %及 70 .0 % ,5 2 .5 % ,3 0 .0 %和 5 .0 %。影响生存的因素主要是治疗方法、肝功能及肿瘤大小。结论　皮下埋藏式投药泵肝动脉、门静脉双插管栓塞化疗给药途径简单、方便、并发症少、疗效较TACE好 ,是治疗不能切除的肝癌的有效方法之一。     

经肝动脉化疗栓塞联合门静脉化疗对肝癌伴门静脉瘤栓的治疗价值

目的 探讨肝癌伴门静脉瘤栓患者术后经肝动脉化疗栓塞联合门静脉化疗对患者生存率的影响。方法 111例肝癌伴门静脉瘤栓患者随机分成3组，分别行单纯手术（A组）、术后肝动脉化疗栓塞（B组）和术后肝动脉化疗栓塞联合门静脉化疗（C组），分析各组患者复发率和生存率的差别。结果 ①B组的0．5和1年的复发率低于A组，其0．5年的生存率高于A组（均P〈0．05）；②C组的0．5、1、2和3年复发率均低于A组，生存率均高于A组（均P〈0．05）；③C组在第2年的复发率低于B组，在1和2年的生存率高于B组（均P〈0．05）；④3个组术后5年的复发率和生存率比较差异无统计学意义；⑤治疗方式、肿瘤大小和瘤栓位置是影响患者预后的独立因素（x2^=20．43，P〈0．01），结论 肝癌伴门静脉瘤栓患者，术后辅以肝动脉化疗栓塞联合门静脉化疗有助于提高近期疗效，但远期效果尚不肯定。     

PVCE联合TACE预防肝癌切除术后复发的临床分析

目的：探讨门静脉化疗栓塞（PVCE）联合肝动脉化疗栓塞（TACE）对预防原发性肝癌切除术后复发的价值。方法：回顾性分析2008年1月-2011年12月71例肝癌手术切除患者的临床资料。其中,术后PVCE联合TACE组37例,单纯TACE组34例。对术后肿瘤复发情况进行随访,应用Kaplan—Meier方法分析2组累积无瘤生存时间,采用COX比例风险模型进行多因素分析,筛选出独立预后因素。结果：PVCE联合TACE组和单纯TACE组术后中位无瘤生存期分别为21．1个月和18．6个月,PVCE联合TACE组累积无瘤生存时间明显高于单纯TACE组（P〈O001）。Cox模型多因素分析显示,肿瘤大小、门静脉癌栓、肿瘤分化程度是影响肝癌患者切除术后复发的独立因素。结论：肝癌切除术后联合PVCE和TACE更能延长患者术后复发时间。     

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目的：评价放射介入栓塞化疗对肝癌合并门静脉癌栓的疗效。对影响疗效的多种因素进行分析。方法：219例肝癌并门静脉癌栓病人行介入治疗，18例单纯肝动脉化疗药物灌注（A组），124例肝动脉碘油栓塞加化疗灌注（B组），77例肝动脉化疗灌注加碘油栓塞加明胶海绵颗粒栓塞（C组）。结果：影响肝癌合并癌栓介入治疗疗效及生存期的因素包括肝功能Child分级、肿瘤类型大小、癌栓部位、有无合并动脉门静脉瘘及动脉静脉瘘、治疗方法、 治疗次数以及治疗后癌栓的碘油聚集情况。三种治疗方法中以C组疗效最好，B组次之，A组最差。结论：肝癌合并癌栓病人的介入疗效与多种因素密切相关，积极有针对性地选择肝动脉化疗灌注加碘油加明胶海绵栓塞有助于提高病人的生存率。     

Efficacy of Postoperative Transarterial Chemoembolization and Portal Vein Chemotherapy for Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Complicated by Portal Vein Tumor Thrombosis—a Randomized Study

Objectives The aim of this single, randomized study was to explore the efficacy of postoperative transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and portal vein chemotherapy (PVC) for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) complicated by portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) and to evaluate prognostic factors. Methods The study cohort consisted of 112 patients with HCC and PVTT randomly divided into three groups: Group A (37 patients), operation only; Group B (35 patients), operation plus TACE; Group C (40 patients), operation plus TACE and PVC. Disease-free survival rates and prognostic factors were analyzed. Results Most of the side effects and complications were related to the operation, catheters, and local chemotherapy and included liver decompensation (15.0%), catheter obstruction (11.6%), and nausea and loss of appetite (22.1%). The disease-free survival curve was significantly different among the three groups, as estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method (both P < 0.05). Group C showed a significantly higher disease-free survival rate than Group A (P < 0.05), but no statistical differences were found between group A and group B, and group B and group C (both P > 0.05). Tumor size, tumor number, PVTT location, and treatment modalities were independent prognostic factors (P < 0.05). Conclusion Postoperative TACE combined with PVC may benefit the survival of patients with HCC complicated by PVTT in the short-term (less than 60 months), but long-term efficacy is not yet certain and needs to be confirmed by further studies.     

原发性肝癌合并门静脉癌栓的外科治疗方式选择

目的探讨原发性肝癌(HCC)合并门静脉癌栓(TTPV)的外科治疗方式选择。方法对1990年1月至2003年1月期间收治的138例肝癌合并门静脉癌栓患者的临床资料进行分析和总结。结果37例行保守姑息治疗患者1至8个月内死亡,平均生存时间3．9个月。101例患者行手术治疗,其中23例行单纯肝癌切除术,平均生存时问10．9个月;78例采取各种手术方式行肝癌切除加门静脉癌栓取栓术,平均生存时间26．8个月。其中52例术后采用了肝动脉和门静脉双插管微量泵灌注化疗,其1、3、5年生存率为96．2％、51．9％、11．5％,26例未行插管化疗,1、3、5年生存率为76．9％、23．1％、0％。结论手术治疗比保守治疗能相对延长肝癌合并门静脉癌栓患者的生存时间;手术在切除肝癌的同时应尽量使用各种方式取出门静脉癌栓;术后使用肝动脉和门静脉双插管微量泵灌注化疗可有效提高治疗效果。     

原发性肝癌合并门静脉癌栓86例治疗体会

目的探讨肝癌合并门静脉癌栓(PVTT)的有效治疗方法。方法 86例肝癌合并门静脉癌栓患者行肝切除+门静脉取栓+肝动脉、门静脉双灌注化疗栓塞及生物靶向治疗。结果 1年生存率为90%,2年生存率为85%,3年生存率为35%;结论肝切除+门静脉取癌栓+肝动脉、门静脉双灌注化疗栓塞+生物靶向治疗是治疗肝癌合并门静脉癌栓的有效治疗方法。     

Transplantation After Successful Downstaging by Multimodal Treatments of American Joint Committee on Cancer Stage IIIB Hepatocellular Carcinoma With Portal Vein Thrombi: A Case Report

The effective treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with American Joint Committee on Cancer stage IIIB remains controversial and challenging because of the high recurrence rate after resection and low survival rate. The median survival of those with macroscopic portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) is short. We reported such a case which received liver transplantation (LT) after successful consecutive downstaging therapies. A 40-year-old man with alcohol related liver cirrhosis and repeated esophageal varices bleeding had HCC with tumor thrombi in right main portal vein and the second portal branch of segment VI (stage IIIB). The received percutaneous alcohol injection, radiofrequency ablation, 8 sessions of transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization, radiotherapy, and target therapy with sorafenib. Computed tomography (CT) scan and magnetic resonance imaging after treatments showed no viable fragments in the tumor and revealed both the right main portal vein and V1 branch were patent. One month later, the patient received a deceased LT. The perioperative course was rather smooth. After discharge, the interval follow-up CT studies of the chest and liver and whole body bone scan showed no tumor recurrence or metastasis up to 20 months postoperation.     

Postoperative transhepatic arterial chemoembolization and portal vein chemotherapy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: a randomized study with 131 cases

OBJECTIVE: To explore the value of postoperative transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and portal vein chemotherapy (PVC) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the prevention of recurrence, and to evaluate prognostic factors in a randomized study. METHOD: 131 patients with HCC were randomly divided into 3 groups: operation only (group A, n = 45); operation plus TACE (group B, n = 39), and operation plus TACE and PVC (group C, n = 47). Disease-free survival rates as well as prognostic factors were analyzed. RESULTS: Most of the side effects and complications related to the operation, catheters and local chemotherapy were liver decompensation (16.1%), catheter obstruction (12.9%), and nausea and loss of appetite (25.8%), respectively. The disease-free survival curves were significantly different between the 3 groups as estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method (p < 0.05). Group C had a significantly higher disease-free survival rate compared to group A (p < 0.05). But no statistical differences were found between groups A and B and groups B and C (both p > 0.05). Tumor number and treatment modalities were independent prognostic factors for HCC patients (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Postoperative TACE combined with PVC may benefit the survival of patients with HCC. In specialized medical centers, aggressive methods such as TACE and PVC should be attempted on HCC patients without contraindications.     

Efficacy of postoperative transarterial chemoembolization and portal vein chemotherapy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma complicated by portal vein tumor thrombosis--a randomized study

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this single, randomized study was to explore the efficacy of postoperative transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and portal vein chemotherapy (PVC) for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) complicated by portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) and to evaluate prognostic factors. METHODS: The study cohort consisted of 112 patients with HCC and PVTT randomly divided into three groups: Group A (37 patients), operation only; Group B (35 patients), operation plus TACE; Group C (40 patients), operation plus TACE and PVC. Disease-free survival rates and prognostic factors were analyzed. RESULTS: Most of the side effects and complications were related to the operation, catheters, and local chemotherapy and included liver decompensation (15.0%), catheter obstruction (11.6%), and nausea and loss of appetite (22.1%). The disease-free survival curve was significantly different among the three groups, as estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method (both P < 0.05). Group C showed a significantly higher disease-free survival rate than Group A (P < 0.05), but no statistical differences were found between group A and group B, and group B and group C (both P > 0.05). Tumor size, tumor number, PVTT location, and treatment modalities were independent prognostic factors (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Postoperative TACE combined with PVC may benefit the survival of patients with HCC complicated by PVTT in the short-term (less than 60 months), but long-term efficacy is not yet certain and needs to be confirmed by further studies.     

Survival and recurrence after hepatic resection of 386 consecutive patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

BACKGROUND: Although hepatic resection is one of the most effective treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the longterm results of hepatic resection of this malignancy are far from satisfactory. The potential benefits of hepatectomy for patients with HCC have not been fully delineated. This study aimed to identify surgical outcomes of 386 consecutive patients with HCC undergoing hepatic resection. STUDY DESIGN: The retrospective study looked at records of 293 men and 93 women. The mean age was 63.2 years. Preoperative transarterial chemoembolizaton and portal vein embolization were performed in 138 patients (35.8%) and 8 patients (2.1%), respectively. Sixty-two patients (16.1 %) had major hepatectomy and the other 324 (83.9%) had minor hepatectomy. Thirty-seven of 386 patients (9.6%) had a noncurative operation. RESULTS: The 30-day (operative) mortality rate was 4.1%, and there were 11 additional late deaths (2.9%). Two hundred fourteen of 327 patients (65.4%) had recurrence after curative resection. Unfavorable factors for survival and recurrence were resection between 1983 and 1990, Child class B or C, cirrhosis, a high value of indocyanine green retention-15, a large amount of intraoperative blood loss, stage IV disease, positive surgical margin, vascular invasion, and postoperative complications. Preoperative transarterial chemoembolization increased the recurrence rate and showed no contribution to prognosis. Currently, 106 patients (27.5%) are alive: 7 (1.8%) after more than 10 years and 43 (11.1%) after more than 5 years. Mean and median overall survivals after operation were 38 months and 29 months, respectively. The 5-year and 10-year overall or disease-free survival rates after hepatic resection were 34.4% and 10.5% or 23.3% and 7.8%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The longterm survival rate after operation remains unsatisfactory mainly because of the high recurrence rate. Preoperative transarterial chemoembolization should be avoided because of a high risk of postoperative recurrence. Treatment strategies for recurrent HCC may play an important role in achieving better prognosis after operation, especially in patients with more than Child class B, cirrhosis, high values of indocyanine green retention-15, massive intraoperative blood loss, stage IV disease, positive surgical margin, vascular invasion, and postoperative complications.