共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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阴离子交换膜(AEMs)作为燃料电池的核心部件,其发展得到了普遍关注。然而,AEMs中聚合物骨架和阳离子基团无序的直接相连的结构导致了膜在应用过程中存在离子电导率低、碱稳定性差和机械性能不足等问题,因此对连接二者的分子结构进行设计,开发综合性能优异的AEMs很有必要。本文介绍了AEMs选择性透过的基本机理,并从不同的分子结构出发,总结了近年来应用较为广泛的嵌段结构、接枝结构、交联结构、局部高密度结构以及由局部高密度结构与其他三种结构组成的复合结构AEMs的研究进展;从离子电导率、碱稳定性、机械性能以及吸水率等方面对AEMs的性能提升进行了归纳,重点关注AEMs离子电导率和吸水率的权衡问题,并从分子结构及其组合使用的角度对燃料电池用AEMs的未来发展方向进行了展望。 相似文献
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碱性阴离子交换膜(AAEM)是碱性阴离子交换膜燃料电池(AAEMFC)的核心部件,起到阻隔阴阳两极和传导OH-的双重作用,其性能好坏直接影响到AAEMFC的性能和使用寿命。从膜的结构和制备方法分类,综述了碱性阴离子交换膜燃料电池用有机-无机杂化膜、掺杂型膜及均相膜的特性和研究现状。 相似文献
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阴离子交换膜(AEM)是碱性阴离子交换膜燃料电池(AAEMFC)的关键部件之一,对碱性阴离子交换膜燃料电池的综合性能具有重要的影响。结构改性是提高阴离子交换膜性能的有效手段,文章综述了碱性燃料电池用阴离子交换膜的改性的一些研究成。 相似文献
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以壳聚糖(CS)为原料,2,3-环氧丙基三甲基氯化铵(GTA)为醚化剂,通过亲核取代反应制备了季铵化壳聚糖(QCS),用傅立叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)表征了产物的结构,结果表明产物结构与目标产物的结构相符。以QCS为原料,醋酸溶液为溶剂,通过加入交联剂戊二醛(GA)和荷正电聚苯乙烯(PS)微球,制备了一系列改性QCS阴离子交换膜,并对其含水率、溶胀度、离子交换量等性能进行了测定。结果表明:交联剂的加入可有效抑制QCS膜的形变,降低了其溶胀度,微乳液的加入会在一定程度上提高复合膜的离子交换能力,交联度为4%、微乳液用量为15%(v/v)时离子交换膜的含水率趋于稳定。 相似文献
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在全钒电池(VFB)用离子交换膜中,阴离子交换膜以其钒离子渗透率低这一主要优势受到了广泛的关注。以N-溴代丁二酰亚胺(NBS)为溴化试剂,2,2'-偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂,对聚苯醚(PPO)的苄甲基溴化;以N-正丁基咪唑为功能化试剂,制备了一种非氟咪唑型聚苯醚阴离子交换膜。研究了不同N-正丁基咪唑功能化程度的阴离子交换膜的离子传导率、离子交换容量(IEC)、含水率、钒离子传递系数等性能,并与N-甲基咪唑功能化的阴离子交换膜做了对比。结果显示,N-正丁基咪唑功能化聚苯醚阴离子交换膜的钒离子传递系数为4.8×10-9 cm·min-1,60℃时离子传导率为10.8 mS·cm-1,且化学稳定性及力学性能优异,具有在钒电池中应用的潜力。 相似文献
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燃料电池用质子交换膜的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了三类质子交换膜,包括全氟磺酸膜、磺化聚芳烃系列膜和复合型质子交换膜,主要分析了每种膜的优缺点以及在质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)中的应用前景. 相似文献
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Angelo Jacob Samaniego Allison Kaye Arabelo Mrittunjoy Sarker Felipe Mojica Jordan Madrid Po-Ya Abel Chuang Joey Ocon Richard Espiritu 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2021,138(10):49947
Novel cellulose acetate-based anion exchange membranes (CA-AEM) are successfully synthesized via gamma radiation grafting as a possible renewable alternative to commercial AEMs. Using CA film precursors with degree of acetylation of 2.5, the synthesized AEM shows a high ion exchange capacity of 2.15 mmol g−1 obtained at high degree of grafting of 45%. It was determined using thermogravimetric analysis that the radiation-grafted CA-AEM has stable amine functional groups under oxygen environment within the normal operating temperature range of alkaline fuel cells. The CA-AEM also exhibits appreciable performance over a range of temperatures, with a highest ionic conductivity of up to 0.163 S cm−1 depending on the synthesis parameters. Results revealed that membranes prepared using gamma radiation dose of 31 kGy and above are susceptible to mechanical and dimensional instability due to increased water uptake and degree of swelling. Further study should consider the balance between grafting parameters and the desired hydrophysical properties. 相似文献
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A copolymer of 4‐vinylpyridine (4‐VP) and styrene was synthesized by radical mass polymerization using 2,2′‐azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator. An insoluble (linear) pyridinium‐type polymer was prepared by the reaction of P (4VP–St) with 1‐bromooctane. An anion exchange membrane was prepared using a composite of pyridinium‐type polymer and a fibrous woven structure for use in electrochemistry. The composite membrane was characterized by X‐ray diffraction, tensile strength, scanning electron microscopy, and electrochemistry measurements. The experimental results showed that the fibrous woven product had improved the tensile strength more than had the membrane made of a pyridinium‐type polymer alone. The composite membrane was used in alkaline fuel cells, and its properties were measured by electrochemical analysis. The ionic conductivity of the membrane was acceptable, but its performance as a direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) was not. The primary reason for this was analyzed, and research is ongoing, with analysis to be discussed in later reports. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 2248–2251, 2006 相似文献
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As a core component of anion exchange membrane (AEM) fuel cells, it has practical significance to improve the performance of AEMs. However, it is difficult to obtain AEM with both good stability and high conductivity. In this study, a series of AEMs were prepared by chloromethylation, quaternization, and crosslinking reactions. The quaternization reaction was carried out first to ensure that there are abundant quaternary ammonium groups on AEM and enhance the conductivity of membrane. N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine was used as a crosslinker to improve membrane stability and mechanical property. A simple, mild, and cost-effective AEM synthetic route was developed. This strategy achieves a certain balance of electrochemical and physical properties. The effect of the crosslinking reactions on the property of membrane was evaluated. Crosslinked membranes have better dimensional stability (water uptake: 20.2% and swelling ratio: 2.1%), mechanical properties (55.84 MPa), and alkaline stability because crosslinked structures result in large steric hindrance. The mutually independent quaternization and crosslinking reaction do not affect the electrochemical performance of membranes; in the crosslinking reaction stage, crosslinker also reacted as quaternization agent and increased the number of reactive groups in AEM. Thus, the resulting crosslinked AEM exhibits higher ion exchange capacity and ionic conductivities (46.4 mS cm−1). © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 48169. 相似文献
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A methyl morpholinium-functionalized poly(ether sulfone) (MM-PES) copolymer was prepared as a novel anion exchange membrane. The MM-PES polymer was synthesized by polycondensation between the morpholine-containing hydroquinone and bisphenol A with bis(4-fluorophenyl)sulfone, followed by methylation of the morpholine group. The membrane obtained from MM-PES showed an IEC of 0.90 meq/g with high hydroxide conductivity of 1.6 × 10?2 S/cm at r.t. and 7.9 × 10?2 S/cm at 80 °C. The methyl morpholinium-functionalized PES membrane also displayed good hydrolytic, thermal, mechanical and chemical stabilities. 相似文献